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Update the documentation to cover auth and access control changes 

This change updates the server and FAQ documentation, fully
describing the changes made to the server authentication and
access control systems. Specifically, the new third-party auth
plugin system is described, along with the new group-based
operation policy structure and policy file active monitoring.

Information on running the integration and functional tests testing
these changes is included.

The FAQ is updated to point to these changes in the server docs.
The original relevant FAQ content has been removed.
This commit is contained in:
Peter Hamilton 2018-05-07 15:40:54 -04:00
parent fcae8a5048
commit 91274e2557
4 changed files with 640 additions and 313 deletions
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3
doc-requirements.txt Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
sphinx>=1.6.4
sphinx_rtd_theme>=0.2.4

121
docs/source/development.rst
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@ -33,6 +33,30 @@ New code should generally follow ``PEP 8`` style guidelines, though there are
exceptions that will be allowed in special cases. Run the ``flake8`` tests to exceptions that will be allowed in special cases. Run the ``flake8`` tests to
check your code before submitting a pull request (see :ref:`running-tests`). check your code before submitting a pull request (see :ref:`running-tests`).
.. _writing-docs:
Writing Documentation
---------------------
Like new code, new documentation should be written in its own Git branch.
All PyKMIP documentation is written in `RST`_ format and managed using
``sphinx``. It can be found under ``docs/source``.
If you are interested in contributing to the project documentation, install
the project documentation requirements:
.. code:: console
$ pip install -r doc-requirements.txt
To build the documentation, navigate into the ``docs`` directory and run:
.. code:: console
$ make html
This will build the PyKMIP documentation as HTML and place it under the new
``docs/build/html`` directory. View it using your preferred web browser.
Commit Messages Commit Messages
--------------- ---------------
Commit messages should include a single line title (75 character max) followed Commit messages should include a single line title (75 character max) followed
@ -81,15 +105,15 @@ PyKMIP, up to and including ``master``.
Running Tests Running Tests
------------- -------------
PyKMIP uses ``tox`` to manage testing across multiple Python versions. Test PyKMIP uses ``tox`` to manage testing across multiple Python versions. Test
infrastructure currently supports Python 2.7, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, and 3.6. Test infrastructure currently supports Python 2.7, 3.4, 3.5, and 3.6. Additional
coverage results are currently included with each Python test environment. To test environments are provided for security, style, and documentation checks.
test against a specific Python version (e.g., Python 2.7), run:
.. code-block:: console .. note::
$ tox -e py27 All of the ``tox`` commands discussed in this section should be run from
the root of the PyKMIP repository, in the same directory as the
``tox.ini`` configuration file.
PyKMIP also provides ``tox`` environments for style and security checks.
The style checks leverage ``flake8`` and can be run like so: The style checks leverage ``flake8`` and can be run like so:
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console
@ -102,12 +126,93 @@ The security checks use ``bandit`` and can be run like so:
$ tox -e bandit $ tox -e bandit
To run the entire testing suite, simply run ``tox`` without any arguments: The documentation checks leverage ``sphinx`` to build the HTML documentation
in a temporary directory, verifying that there are no errors. These checks
can be run like so:
.. code-block:: console
$ tox -e docs
To run the above checks along with the entire unit test suite, simply run
``tox`` without any arguments:
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console
$ tox $ tox
Unit Tests
~~~~~~~~~~
The unit test suite tests many of the individual components of the PyKMIP code
base, verifying that each component works correctly in isolation. Ideal code
coverage would include the entire code base. To facilitate improving coverage,
test coverage results are included with each Python unit test environment.
To test against a specific Python version (e.g., Python 2.7), run:
.. code-block:: console
$ tox -e py27
Integration Tests
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The integration test suite tests the functionality of the PyKMIP clients
against a KMIP server, verifying that the right response data and status
codes are returned for specific KMIP requests. A KMIP server must already
be running and available over the network for the integration test cases
to pass.
Code base coverage is not a goal of the integration test suite. Code coverage
statistics are therefore not included in the output of the integration tests.
For code coverage, run the unit tests above.
For the Travis CI tests run through GitHub, the KMIP server used for
integration testing is actually an instance of the PyKMIP server, allowing us
to verify the functionality of the clients and server simultaneously.
Any third-party KMIP server can be tested using the integration test suite.
Simply add a section to the client configuration file containing the
connection settings for the server and provide the name of the new section
when invoking the integration tests.
To run the integration test suite, the configuration file section name for
the client settings must be passed to the test suite using the ``--config``
configuration argument. Assuming the section name is ``server_1``, the
following ``tox`` command will set up and execute the integration tests:
.. code-block:: console
$ tox -r -e integration -- --config server_1
Functional Tests
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The functional test suite tests capabilities and functionality specific to
the PyKMIP server. While similar in structure to the integration test suite
described above, the functional tests cannot be used with arbitrary
third-party servers and require a very specific environment in which to
operate successfully. Therefore, the functional tests are usually only used
for continuous integration testing via Travis CI.
Like the integration test suite, code base coverage is not a goal of the
functional test suite. For code coverage, run the unit tests above.
The functional tests specifically exercise third-party authentication and
group-based access control features supported by the PyKMIP server. The
third-party authentication system in this case is an instance of `SLUGS`_.
The PyKMIP client/server certificates and server operation policies must
align exactly with the user/group information provided by SLUGS for the
functional tests to pass. For more information, see the Travis CI build
information under ``.travis`` in the PyKMIP repository.
To invoke the functional tests, the configuration file path must be passed
to the test suite using the ``--config-file`` configuration argument. Assuming
the file path is ``/tmp/pykmip/client.conf``, the following ``tox`` command
will set up and execute the functional tests:
.. code-block:: console
$ tox -r -e functional -- --config-file /tmp/pykmip/client.conf
For more information on the testing tools used here, see the following For more information on the testing tools used here, see the following
resources: resources:
@ -116,8 +221,10 @@ resources:
* `bandit`_ * `bandit`_
.. _`issue tracker`: https://github.com/OpenKMIP/PyKMIP/issues .. _`issue tracker`: https://github.com/OpenKMIP/PyKMIP/issues
.. _`RST`: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/rst.html
.. _`Issue #312`: https://github.com/OpenKMIP/PyKMIP/issues/312 .. _`Issue #312`: https://github.com/OpenKMIP/PyKMIP/issues/312
.. _`What to put in your bug report`: http://www.contribution-guide.org/#what-to-put-in-your-bug-report .. _`What to put in your bug report`: http://www.contribution-guide.org/#what-to-put-in-your-bug-report
.. _`tox`: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/tox .. _`tox`: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/tox
.. _`flake8`: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/flake8 .. _`flake8`: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/flake8
.. _`bandit`: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/bandit .. _`bandit`: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/bandit
.. _`SLUGS`: https://github.com/OpenKMIP/SLUGS

286
docs/source/faq.rst
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@ -31,295 +31,15 @@ Asymmetric Key Algorithms
How does the PyKMIP server handle client identity and authentication? How does the PyKMIP server handle client identity and authentication?
--------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Client authentication for the PyKMIP server is currently enforced by the See :ref:`authentication`.
validation of the client certificate used to establish the client/server
TLS connection. If the client connects to the server with a certificate
that has been signed by a certificate authority recognized by the server,
the connection is allowed. If the server cannot validate the client's
certificate, the connection is blocked and the client cannot access any
objects stored on the server.
If client authentication succeeds, the identity of the client is obtained
from the client's certificate. The server will extract the common name from
the certificate's subject distinguished name and use the common name as the
identity of the client. If the ``enable_tls_client_auth`` configuration
setting is set to ``True``, the server will check the client's certificate
for the extended key usage extension (see `RFC 5280`_). In this case the
certificate must have the extension marked for client authentication, which
indicates that the certificate can be used to derive client identity. If
the extension is not present or is marked incorrectly, the server will not
be able to derive the client's identity and will close the connection. If
the ``enable_tls_client_auth`` configuration setting is set to ``False``,
the certificate extension check is omitted.
Once the client's identity is obtained, the client's request is processed. Any
objects created or registered by the client will be marked as owned by the
client identity. This identity is then used in conjunction with KMIP operation
policies to enforce object access control (see the next question for more
information).
How does the PyKMIP server manage access control for the keys and objects it stores? How does the PyKMIP server manage access control for the keys and objects it stores?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Access control for server objects is managed through KMIP operation policies. See :ref:`access-control`.
An operation policy is a set of permissions, indexed by object type and
operation. For any KMIP object type and operation pair, the policy defines
who is allowed to conduct the operation on the object type.
There are three basic permissions currently supported by KMIP: Allow All,
Allow Owner, and Disallow All. An object type/operation pair mapped to the
Allow All permission indicates that any client authenticated with the server
can conduct the corresponding operation on any object of the corresponding
type. The Allow Owner permission restricts the operation to any client
authenticated and identified as the owner of the object. The Disallow All
permission blocks any client from conducting the operation on the object and
is usually reserved for static public objects or tasks that only the server
itself is allowed to perform.
For example, let's examine a simple use case where a client wants to retrieve
a symmetric key from the server. The client submits a Get request to the
server, including the UUID of the symmetric key it wants to retrieve. The
server will derive the client's identity and then lookup the object with the
corresponding UUID. If the object is located, the server will check the
object's operation policy attribute for the name of the operation policy
associated with the object. The server will then use the operation policy, the
client's identity, the object's type, the object's owner, and the operation to
determine if the client can retrieve the symmetric key. If the operation
policy has symmetric keys and the Get operation mapped to Allow All, the
operation is allowed for the client regardless of the client's identity and
the symmetric key is returned to the client. If the permission is set to Allow
Owner, the server will return the symmetric key only if the client's identity
matches the object's owner. If the permission is set to Disallow All, the
server will refuse to return the symmetric key, regardless of the client's
identity.
While an operation policy can cover every possible combination of object type
and operation, it does not have to. If a policy does not cover a specific
object type or operation, the server defaults to the safest option and acts
as if the permission was set to Disallow All.
Each KMIP object is assigned an operation policy and owner upon creation. If
no operation policy is included in the creation request, the server
automatically assigns it the ``default`` operation policy. The ``default``
operation policy is defined in the KMIP specification and is built-in to the
PyKMIP server; it cannot be redefined or overridden by the user or server
administrator (see the next question for details on built-in operation
policies).
In addition to the built-in operation policies, the PyKMIP server does allow
users to define their own operation policies. An example policy file,
``policy.json``, is included in the ``examples`` directory of the PyKMIP
repository. Let's take a look at the first few lines from the policy:
.. code-block:: json
{
"example": {
"CERTIFICATE": {
"LOCATE": "ALLOW_ALL",
"CHECK": "ALLOW_ALL",
}
}
}
The first piece of information in the policy file is the name of the policy,
in this case ``example``. The name maps to a set of object types, which in
turn are mapped to a set of operations with associated permissions. In the
snippet above, the first object type supported is ``CERTIFICATE`` followed by
two supported operations, ``LOCATE`` and ``CHECK``. Both operations are mapped
to the ``ALLOW_ALL`` permission. Putting this all together, for the ``example``
policy certificate objects used with the ``Locate`` or ``Check`` operations are
allowed for all clients, regardless of who owns the certificate being accessed.
If you examine the full example file, you will see more operations listed,
along with additional object types.
In general, a policy file is a basic JSON file that links a name for the policy
to a table of object type/operation pairs that each map to one of the
permissions defined above. Users can copy this policy file and edit it to
create their own policies. Once the policy is ready, the server administrator
can place it in the server's policy directory and restart the server to load
in the new policy. The server administrator can configure which directory
should act as the server's policy directory by setting the ``policy_path``
configuration option in the server's ``server.conf`` file. Note that it is up
to the server administrator to ensure that user-defined policies do not
overwrite each other by using identical policy names.
What built-in operation policies does the PyKMIP server support? What built-in operation policies does the PyKMIP server support?
---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
The PyKMIP server defines two built-in operation policies: ``default`` and See :ref:`reserved-policies`.
``public``. Both of these policies are defined in the KMIP specification and
each is a reserved policy; neither can be renamed or overridden by
user-defined policies. The ``default`` policy is used for newly created objects
that are not assigned a policy by their creators, though it can be used by
creators intentionally. The ``public`` policy is intended for use with template
objects that are public to the entire user-base of the server.
The following tables define the permissions for each of the built-in policies.
``default`` policy
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
============= ==================== ============
Object Type Operation Permission
============= ==================== ============
Certificate Locate Allow All
Certificate Check Allow All
Certificate Get Allow All
Certificate Get Attributes Allow All
Certificate Get Attribute List Allow All
Certificate Add Attribute Allow Owner
Certificate Modify Attribute Allow Owner
Certificate Delete Attribute Allow Owner
Certificate Obtain Lease Allow All
Certificate Activate Allow Owner
Certificate Revoke Allow Owner
Certificate Destroy Allow Owner
Certificate Archive Allow Owner
Certificate Recover Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Rekey Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Rekey Key Pair Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Derive Key Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Locate Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Check Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Get Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Get Attributes Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Get Attribute List Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Add Attribute Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Modify Attribute Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Delete Attribute Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Obtain Lease Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Get Usage Allocation Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Activate Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Revoke Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Destroy Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Archive Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Recover Allow Owner
Public Key Locate Allow All
Public Key Check Allow All
Public Key Get Allow All
Public Key Get Attributes Allow All
Public Key Get Attribute List Allow All
Public Key Add Attribute Allow Owner
Public Key Modify Attribute Allow Owner
Public Key Delete Attribute Allow Owner
Public Key Obtain Lease Allow All
Public Key Activate Allow Owner
Public Key Revoke Allow Owner
Public Key Destroy Allow Owner
Public Key Archive Allow Owner
Public Key Recover Allow Owner
Private Key Rekey Allow Owner
Private Key Rekey Key Pair Allow Owner
Private Key Derive Key Allow Owner
Private Key Locate Allow Owner
Private Key Check Allow Owner
Private Key Get Allow Owner
Private Key Get Attributes Allow Owner
Private Key Get Attribute List Allow Owner
Private Key Add Attribute Allow Owner
Private Key Modify Attribute Allow Owner
Private Key Delete Attribute Allow Owner
Private Key Obtain Lease Allow Owner
Private Key Get Usage Allocation Allow Owner
Private Key Activate Allow Owner
Private Key Revoke Allow Owner
Private Key Destroy Allow Owner
Private Key Archive Allow Owner
Private Key Recover Allow Owner
Split Key Rekey Allow Owner
Split Key Rekey Key Pair Allow Owner
Split Key Derive Key Allow Owner
Split Key Locate Allow Owner
Split Key Check Allow Owner
Split Key Get Allow Owner
Split Key Get Attributes Allow Owner
Split Key Get Attribute List Allow Owner
Split Key Add Attribute Allow Owner
Split Key Modify Attribute Allow Owner
Split Key Delete Attribute Allow Owner
Split Key Obtain Lease Allow Owner
Split Key Get Usage Allocation Allow Owner
Split Key Activate Allow Owner
Split Key Revoke Allow Owner
Split Key Destroy Allow Owner
Split Key Archive Allow Owner
Split Key Recover Allow Owner
Template Locate Allow Owner
Template Get Allow Owner
Template Get Attributes Allow Owner
Template Get Attribute List Allow Owner
Template Add Attribute Allow Owner
Template Modify Attribute Allow Owner
Template Delete Attribute Allow Owner
Template Destroy Allow Owner
Secret Data Rekey Allow Owner
Secret Data Rekey Key Pair Allow Owner
Secret Data Derive Key Allow Owner
Secret Data Locate Allow Owner
Secret Data Check Allow Owner
Secret Data Get Allow Owner
Secret Data Get Attributes Allow Owner
Secret Data Get Attribute List Allow Owner
Secret Data Add Attribute Allow Owner
Secret Data Modify Allow Owner
Secret Data Delete Attribute Allow Owner
Secret Data Obtain Lease Allow Owner
Secret Data Get Usage Allocation Allow Owner
Secret Data Activate Allow Owner
Secret Data Revoke Allow Owner
Secret Data Destroy Allow Owner
Secret Data Archive Allow Owner
Secret Data Recover Allow Owner
Opaque Data Rekey Allow Owner
Opaque Data Rekey Key Pair Allow Owner
Opaque Data Derive Key Allow Owner
Opaque Data Locate Allow Owner
Opaque Data Check Allow Owner
Opaque Data Get Allow Owner
Opaque Data Get Attributes Allow Owner
Opaque Data Get Attribute List Allow Owner
Opaque Data Add Attribute Allow Owner
Opaque Data Modify Attribute Allow Owner
Opaque Data Delete Attribute Allow Owner
Opaque Data Obtain Lease Allow Owner
Opaque Data Get Usage Allocation Allow Owner
Opaque Data Activate Allow Owner
Opaque Data Revoke Allow Owner
Opaque Data Destroy Allow Owner
Opaque Data Archive Allow Owner
Opaque Data Recover Allow Owner
PGP Key Rekey Allow Owner
PGP Key Rekey Key Pair Allow Owner
PGP Key Derive Key Allow Owner
PGP Key Locate Allow Owner
PGP Key Check Allow Owner
PGP Key Get Allow Owner
PGP Key Get Attributes Allow Owner
PGP Key Get Attribute List Allow Owner
PGP Key Add Attribute Allow Owner
PGP Key Modify Attribute Allow Owner
PGP Key Delete Attribute Allow Owner
PGP Key Obtain Lease Allow Owner
PGP Key Get Usage Allocation Allow Owner
PGP Key Activate Allow Owner
PGP Key Revoke Allow Owner
PGP Key Destroy Allow Owner
PGP Key Archive Allow Owner
PGP Key Recover Allow Owner
============= ==================== ============
``public`` policy
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
=========== ================== ============
Object Type Operation Permission
=========== ================== ============
Template Locate Allow All
Template Get Allow All
Template Get Attributes Allow All
Template Get Attribute List Allow All
Template Add Attribute Disallow All
Template Modify Attribute Disallow All
Template Delete Attribute Disallow All
Template Destroy Disallow All
=========== ================== ============
.. |check| unicode:: U+2713 .. |check| unicode:: U+2713

543
docs/source/server.rst
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@ -120,6 +120,9 @@ The different configuration options are defined below:
Options include: DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL. The DEBUG Options include: DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL. The DEBUG
log level logs the most information, the CRITICAL log level logs the log level logs the most information, the CRITICAL log level logs the
least. least.
* ``database_path``
A string representing a path to a SQLite database file. The server will
store all managed objects (e.g., keys, certificates) in this file.
.. note:: .. note::
When installing PyKMIP and deploying the server, you must manually set up When installing PyKMIP and deploying the server, you must manually set up
@ -127,6 +130,31 @@ The different configuration options are defined below:
automatically. See ``/examples`` in the PyKMIP repository for a boilerplate automatically. See ``/examples`` in the PyKMIP repository for a boilerplate
configuration file to get started. configuration file to get started.
.. _`third-party-auth-config`:
Third-Party Authentication
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
To configure third-party authentication plugins, separate configuration blocks
must be specified in the server configuration file.
.. note::
Third-party authentication settings can only be set in the server
configuration file. There is no way to set them using the ``KmipServer``
constructor in Python code.
An example authentication plugin configuration settings block is shown below:
.. code-block:: console
[auth:slugs]
enabled=False
url=http://127.0.0.1:8080/slugs/
All authentication plugin configuration settings blocks must begin with the
string ``auth:``. For more information on third-party authentication
integration, see :ref:`third-party-auth-integration`.
Usage Usage
----- -----
The software server can be run using the ``bin/run_server.py`` startup script. The software server can be run using the ``bin/run_server.py`` startup script.
@ -153,10 +181,11 @@ copy the startup script and run it from any directory you choose.
Storage Storage
------- -------
All data storage for the server is managed via `sqlalchemy`_. The current All data storage for the server is managed via `sqlalchemy`_. The current
backend leverages `SQLite`_, storing managed objects in a flat file located backend leverages `SQLite`_, storing managed objects in a flat file. The file
at ``/tmp/pykmip.database``. If this file is deleted, the stored objects will location can be configured using the ``database_path`` configuration setting.
be gone for good. If this file is preserved across server restarts, object By default this file will be located at ``/tmp/pykmip.database``. If this
access will be maintained. database file is deleted, the stored objects will be gone for good. If this
file is preserved across server restarts, object access will be maintained.
.. note:: .. note::
Updates to the server data model will generate errors if the server is Updates to the server data model will generate errors if the server is
@ -167,6 +196,489 @@ Long term, the intent is to add support for more robust database and storage
backends available through ``sqlalchemy``. If you are interested in this work, backends available through ``sqlalchemy``. If you are interested in this work,
please see :doc:`Development <development>` for more information. please see :doc:`Development <development>` for more information.
.. _authentication:
Authentication
--------------
Client authentication for the PyKMIP server is currently enforced by the
validation of the client certificate used to establish the client/server
TLS connection. If the client connects to the server with a certificate
that has been signed by a certificate authority recognized by the server,
the initial connection is allowed. If the server cannot validate the client's
certificate, the connection is blocked and the client cannot access any
objects stored on the server.
If client authentication succeeds, the identity of the client is obtained
from the client's certificate. The server will extract the common name from
the certificate's subject distinguished name and use the common name as the
identity of the client. If the ``enable_tls_client_auth`` configuration
setting is set to ``True``, the server will check the client's certificate
for the extended key usage extension (see `RFC 5280`_). In this case the
certificate must have the extension marked for client authentication, which
indicates that the certificate can be used to derive client identity. If
the extension is not present or is marked incorrectly, the server will not
be able to derive the client's identity and will close the connection. If
the ``enable_tls_client_auth`` configuration setting is set to ``False``,
the certificate extension check is omitted.
Once the client's identity is obtained, the client's request is processed. Any
objects created or registered by the client will be marked as owned by the
client identity. This identity is then used in conjunction with KMIP operation
policies to enforce object access control (see :ref:`access-control`).
.. _third-party-auth-integration:
Third-Party Integration
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Beyond validating the client's certificate and extracting the client identity
from the certificate's subject distinguished name, the server also supports
a configurable framework for third-party authentication. This allows the
server to integrate with existing authentication systems.
For each enabled third-party authentication plugin, the server will query the
associated third-party service to verify that the user identified by the
client certificate is a valid user. If validation succeeds, the server will
also query the service for information pertaining to any groups the user may
belong to. This information is leveraged for fine-grained access control
(see :ref:`access-control`). No other plugins are queried once a validation
success has occurred. If validation fails, the server will attempt to
authenticate with the next enabled plugin. If validation fails for all enabled
plugins, the server will reject the client's request and close the connection.
Validation only needs to succeed for one authentication plugin for client
authentication to succeed.
If no third-party authentication plugins are enabled, the server will skip
third-party authentication and will rely solely on client certificate
validation for client authentication. Note that in this case, no user group
information is available for fine-grained access control.
For more information on configuring third-party authentication plugins, see
:ref:`third-party-auth-config`.
Supported third-party authentication plugins are discussed below.
SLUGS
*****
The Simple, Lightweight User Group Services (SLUGS) library is an open-source
web service that serves user/group membership data over a basic REST
interface. It is intended as an easy-to-use stopgap for developers and
deployers interested in leveraging third-party authentication with the PyKMIP
server.
All SLUGS plugin configuration settings blocks must begin with the string
``auth:slugs``. Multiple SLUGS plugins can be configured at once; simply add
a unique suffix to the block name to distinguish it from other blocks (e.g.,
``auth:slugs:primary``, ``auth:slugs:secondary``).
The different configuration options supported by the SLUGS plugin are defined
below:
* ``enabled``
A boolean indicating whether or not the authentication plugin should be
used for authentication.
* ``url``
A string representing the URL at which to access a SLUGS REST interface.
For more information on SLUGS, see `SLUGS`_.
.. _access-control:
Access Control
--------------
Access control for server objects is managed through KMIP operation policies.
An operation policy is a set of permissions, indexed by object type and
operation. For any KMIP object type and operation pair, the policy defines
who is allowed to conduct the operation on the object type.
There are three basic permissions currently supported by KMIP:
* ``Allow All``
This permission indicates that any client authenticated with the server
can conduct the corresponding operation on any object of the corresponding
type.
* ``Allow Owner``
This permission restricts the operation to any client authenticated and
identified as the owner of the object.
* ``Disallow All``
This permission blocks any client from conducting the operation on the
object and is usually reserved for static public objects or tasks that
only the server itself is allowed to perform.
For example, let's examine a simple use case where a client wants to retrieve
a symmetric key from the server.
1. The client submits a ``Get`` request to the server (see :ref:`get`),
including the UUID of the symmetric key it wants to retrieve.
2. The server will derive the client's identity and then lookup the object
with the corresponding UUID.
3. If the object is located, the server will check the object's operation
policy attribute for the name of the operation policy associated with the
object.
4. The server will then use the operation policy, the client's identity,
the object's type, the object's owner, and the operation to determine if
the client can retrieve the symmetric key.
5. If the operation policy has symmetric keys and the ``Get`` operation
mapped to ``Allow All``, the operation is allowed for the client regardless
of the client's identity and the symmetric key is returned to the client.
If the permission is set to ``Allow Owner``, the server will return the
symmetric key only if the client's identity matches the object's owner.
If the permission is set to ``Disallow All``, the server will refuse to
return the symmetric key, regardless of the client's identity.
While an operation policy can cover every possible combination of object type
and operation, it does not have to. If a policy does not cover a specific
object type or operation, the server defaults to the safest option and acts
as if the permission was set to ``Disallow All``.
Each KMIP object is assigned an operation policy and owner upon creation. If
no operation policy is included in the creation request, the server
automatically assigns it the ``default`` operation policy. The ``default``
operation policy is defined in the KMIP specification and is built into the
PyKMIP server; it cannot be redefined or overridden by the user or server
administrator. For more information on reserved policies, see
:ref:`reserved-policies`.
Policy Files
~~~~~~~~~~~~
In addition to the built-in operation policies, the PyKMIP server allows
users to define their own operation policies via policy files. A policy file
is a basic JSON file that maps names for policies to tables of access
controls. The server dynamically loads policy files from the policy directory,
which is defined by the ``policy_path`` configuration setting. The server
tracks any changes made to the policy directory, supporting the addition,
modification, and/or removal of policy files and/or policies within those
files. This allows users and administrators to modify and update their
policies while the server is running, without any downtime. Note that it is up
to the server administrator to ensure that user-defined policies do not
overwrite each other by using identical policy names. Should this occur, the
server will cache older policies, dynamically restoring them should the naming
collision be corrected.
An example policy file, ``policy.json``, is included in the ``examples``
directory of the PyKMIP repository. Let's take a look at the first few lines
from the policy:
.. code-block:: console
{
"example": {
"preset": {
"CERTIFICATE": {
"LOCATE": "ALLOW_ALL",
"CHECK": "ALLOW_ALL",
...
The first piece of information in the policy file is the name of the policy,
in this case ``example``. The name maps to collections of operation policies,
grouped into two sets. The first set, shown here, is the ``preset``
collection. The ``preset`` collection contains rules that are used when user
group information is unavailable; this is usually the case when third-party
authentication is disabled. The ``preset`` collection rules consist of a set
of object types, which in turn are mapped to a set of operations with
associated permissions. In the snippet above, the first object type supported
is ``CERTIFICATE`` followed by two supported operations, ``LOCATE`` and
``CHECK``. Both operations are mapped to the ``ALLOW_ALL`` permission. Putting
this all together, all clients are allowed to use the ``LOCATE`` and ``CHECK``
operations with certificate objects under the ``example`` policy, regardless
of who owns the certificate being accessed. If you examine the full example
file, you will see more operations listed, along with additional object types.
The second collection of operation policies that can be found in an operation
policy file is the ``groups`` collection. This collection is used to provide
group-based access control to objects. The following snippet is similar to the
above snippet, reworked to use ``groups`` instead of ``preset``:
.. code-block:: console
{
"example": {
"groups": {
"group_A": {
"CERTIFICATE": {
"GET": "ALLOW_ALL",
"DESTROY": "ALLOW_ALL",
...
},
"group_B": {
"CERTIFICATE": {
"GET": "ALLOW_ALL",
"DESTROY": "DISALLOW_ALL",
...
Like the prior snippet, the policy name is ``example``. However, unlike the
``preset`` collection shown before, the ``groups`` collection first maps to a
series of group names, in this case ``group_A`` and ``group_B``. Each group
maps to a set of object types and then access controls, following the same
structure used by ``preset``. The controls mapped under each group are
distinct. This allows the policy to provide segregated access controls for
groups of users, making it easy to share objects managed by the server while
retaining fine-grained access control. In this case, any user belonging to
``group_A`` will be able to retrieve and destroy certificates using the
``example`` policy. Users in ``group_B`` will also be able to retrieve these
certificates, but they will be unable to destroy them. Users belonging to both
groups will receive the most permissive permissions available across the set
of controls, meaning these users will be able to retrieve and destroy
certificates since the controls under ``group_A`` are the most permissive.
The ``preset`` and ``groups`` collections can be included in the same policy.
For example:
.. code-block:: console
{
"example": {
"preset": {
"CERTIFICATE": {
"DESTROY": "DISALLOW_ALL",
...
},
"groups": {
"group_A": {
"CERTIFICATE": {
"DESTROY": "ALLOW_ALL",
...
},
"group_B": {
"CERTIFICATE": {
"DESTROY": "DISALLOW_ALL",
...
}
}
}
}
As stated above, the controls belonging to the ``groups`` collection are only
enforced if user group information is available after client authentication.
If client authentication succeeds but no group information is available, the
controls belonging to the ``preset`` collection are enforced. This allows
users to effectively enable/disable group-level access controls if applicable
to their use case. If group information is provided but only ``preset``
controls are defined, the ``preset`` controls will be enforced. If group
information is not provided but only ``groups`` controls are defined,
``Disallow All`` will be the only enforced control for the policy. This
ensures that the policy behaves according to user expectations.
Finally, a single policy file can contain multiple policies:
.. code-block:: console
{
"example_1": {
"preset": {
"CERTIFICATE": {
"DESTROY": "DISALLOW_ALL",
...
}
},
"example_2": {
"groups": {
"group_A": {
"CERTIFICATE": {
"DESTROY": "ALLOW_ALL",
...
},
"group_B": {
"CERTIFICATE": {
"DESTROY": "DISALLOW_ALL",
...
}
}
}
}
The above snippet shows two policies, ``example_1`` and ``example_2``. Each
contains a different set of rules, one leveraging a ``preset`` collection and
the other using the ``groups`` collection. While defined in the same JSON
block, these policies are distinct from one another and are treated as
separate entities. All of the previously defined rules and conventions for
policies still apply.
.. _reserved-policies:
Reserved Operation Policies
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The PyKMIP server defines two reserved, built-in operation policies:
``default`` and ``public``. Both of these policies are defined in the KMIP
specification. Neither can be renamed or overridden by user-defined policies.
The ``default`` policy is used for newly created objects that are not assigned
a policy by their creators, though it can be used by creators intentionally.
The ``public`` policy is intended for use with template objects that are
public to the entire user-base of the server.
The following tables define the permissions for each of the built-in policies.
``default`` policy
******************
============= ==================== ============
Object Type Operation Permission
============= ==================== ============
Certificate Locate Allow All
Certificate Check Allow All
Certificate Get Allow All
Certificate Get Attributes Allow All
Certificate Get Attribute List Allow All
Certificate Add Attribute Allow Owner
Certificate Modify Attribute Allow Owner
Certificate Delete Attribute Allow Owner
Certificate Obtain Lease Allow All
Certificate Activate Allow Owner
Certificate Revoke Allow Owner
Certificate Destroy Allow Owner
Certificate Archive Allow Owner
Certificate Recover Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Rekey Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Rekey Key Pair Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Derive Key Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Locate Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Check Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Get Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Get Attributes Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Get Attribute List Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Add Attribute Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Modify Attribute Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Delete Attribute Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Obtain Lease Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Get Usage Allocation Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Activate Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Revoke Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Destroy Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Archive Allow Owner
Symmetric Key Recover Allow Owner
Public Key Locate Allow All
Public Key Check Allow All
Public Key Get Allow All
Public Key Get Attributes Allow All
Public Key Get Attribute List Allow All
Public Key Add Attribute Allow Owner
Public Key Modify Attribute Allow Owner
Public Key Delete Attribute Allow Owner
Public Key Obtain Lease Allow All
Public Key Activate Allow Owner
Public Key Revoke Allow Owner
Public Key Destroy Allow Owner
Public Key Archive Allow Owner
Public Key Recover Allow Owner
Private Key Rekey Allow Owner
Private Key Rekey Key Pair Allow Owner
Private Key Derive Key Allow Owner
Private Key Locate Allow Owner
Private Key Check Allow Owner
Private Key Get Allow Owner
Private Key Get Attributes Allow Owner
Private Key Get Attribute List Allow Owner
Private Key Add Attribute Allow Owner
Private Key Modify Attribute Allow Owner
Private Key Delete Attribute Allow Owner
Private Key Obtain Lease Allow Owner
Private Key Get Usage Allocation Allow Owner
Private Key Activate Allow Owner
Private Key Revoke Allow Owner
Private Key Destroy Allow Owner
Private Key Archive Allow Owner
Private Key Recover Allow Owner
Split Key Rekey Allow Owner
Split Key Rekey Key Pair Allow Owner
Split Key Derive Key Allow Owner
Split Key Locate Allow Owner
Split Key Check Allow Owner
Split Key Get Allow Owner
Split Key Get Attributes Allow Owner
Split Key Get Attribute List Allow Owner
Split Key Add Attribute Allow Owner
Split Key Modify Attribute Allow Owner
Split Key Delete Attribute Allow Owner
Split Key Obtain Lease Allow Owner
Split Key Get Usage Allocation Allow Owner
Split Key Activate Allow Owner
Split Key Revoke Allow Owner
Split Key Destroy Allow Owner
Split Key Archive Allow Owner
Split Key Recover Allow Owner
Template Locate Allow Owner
Template Get Allow Owner
Template Get Attributes Allow Owner
Template Get Attribute List Allow Owner
Template Add Attribute Allow Owner
Template Modify Attribute Allow Owner
Template Delete Attribute Allow Owner
Template Destroy Allow Owner
Secret Data Rekey Allow Owner
Secret Data Rekey Key Pair Allow Owner
Secret Data Derive Key Allow Owner
Secret Data Locate Allow Owner
Secret Data Check Allow Owner
Secret Data Get Allow Owner
Secret Data Get Attributes Allow Owner
Secret Data Get Attribute List Allow Owner
Secret Data Add Attribute Allow Owner
Secret Data Modify Allow Owner
Secret Data Delete Attribute Allow Owner
Secret Data Obtain Lease Allow Owner
Secret Data Get Usage Allocation Allow Owner
Secret Data Activate Allow Owner
Secret Data Revoke Allow Owner
Secret Data Destroy Allow Owner
Secret Data Archive Allow Owner
Secret Data Recover Allow Owner
Opaque Data Rekey Allow Owner
Opaque Data Rekey Key Pair Allow Owner
Opaque Data Derive Key Allow Owner
Opaque Data Locate Allow Owner
Opaque Data Check Allow Owner
Opaque Data Get Allow Owner
Opaque Data Get Attributes Allow Owner
Opaque Data Get Attribute List Allow Owner
Opaque Data Add Attribute Allow Owner
Opaque Data Modify Attribute Allow Owner
Opaque Data Delete Attribute Allow Owner
Opaque Data Obtain Lease Allow Owner
Opaque Data Get Usage Allocation Allow Owner
Opaque Data Activate Allow Owner
Opaque Data Revoke Allow Owner
Opaque Data Destroy Allow Owner
Opaque Data Archive Allow Owner
Opaque Data Recover Allow Owner
PGP Key Rekey Allow Owner
PGP Key Rekey Key Pair Allow Owner
PGP Key Derive Key Allow Owner
PGP Key Locate Allow Owner
PGP Key Check Allow Owner
PGP Key Get Allow Owner
PGP Key Get Attributes Allow Owner
PGP Key Get Attribute List Allow Owner
PGP Key Add Attribute Allow Owner
PGP Key Modify Attribute Allow Owner
PGP Key Delete Attribute Allow Owner
PGP Key Obtain Lease Allow Owner
PGP Key Get Usage Allocation Allow Owner
PGP Key Activate Allow Owner
PGP Key Revoke Allow Owner
PGP Key Destroy Allow Owner
PGP Key Archive Allow Owner
PGP Key Recover Allow Owner
============= ==================== ============
``public`` policy
*****************
=========== ================== ============
Object Type Operation Permission
=========== ================== ============
Template Locate Allow All
Template Get Allow All
Template Get Attributes Allow All
Template Get Attribute List Allow All
Template Add Attribute Disallow All
Template Modify Attribute Disallow All
Template Delete Attribute Disallow All
Template Destroy Disallow All
=========== ================== ============
.. _objects: .. _objects:
Objects Objects
@ -471,6 +983,8 @@ If no filtering values are provided, the server will return a list of
:term:`unique_identifier` values corresponding to all of the managed objects :term:`unique_identifier` values corresponding to all of the managed objects
the user has access to. the user has access to.
.. _get:
Get Get
~~~ ~~~
The Get attribute is used to retrieve a managed object stored on the server. The Get attribute is used to retrieve a managed object stored on the server.
@ -700,25 +1214,6 @@ may occur in the following cases:
* the managed object does not have the Generate bit set in its usage mask * the managed object does not have the Generate bit set in its usage mask
* the requested algorithm is not supported for HMAC/CMAC generation * the requested algorithm is not supported for HMAC/CMAC generation
.. Miscellaneous
.. -------------
..
.. Object State
.. ~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. TBD
..
.. Object Operation Policy
.. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. TBD
..
.. Object Ownership
.. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. TBD
..
.. Object Usage
.. ~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. TBD
.. _`ssl`: https://docs.python.org/dev/library/ssl.html#socket-creation .. _`ssl`: https://docs.python.org/dev/library/ssl.html#socket-creation
.. _`sqlalchemy`: https://www.sqlalchemy.org/ .. _`sqlalchemy`: https://www.sqlalchemy.org/
.. _`SQLite`: http://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/latest/dialects/sqlite.html .. _`SQLite`: http://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/latest/dialects/sqlite.html
@ -740,3 +1235,5 @@ may occur in the following cases:
.. _`SHA512`: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2 .. _`SHA512`: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-2
.. _`HMAC`: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash-based_message_authentication_code .. _`HMAC`: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash-based_message_authentication_code
.. _`CMAC`: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-key_MAC .. _`CMAC`: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-key_MAC
.. _`RFC 5280`: https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5280.txt
.. _`SLUGS`: https://github.com/OpenKMIP/SLUGS