mirror of https://github.com/Icinga/icinga2.git
Documentation: Move notifications/dependencies up.
This commit is contained in:
Michael Friedrich
parent
2027b301a7
commit
110b7b4a53
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@ -218,6 +218,211 @@ Details on the `assign where` syntax can be found [here](#group-assign)
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In this inherited example from above all hosts with the `var` `mssql_port`
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In this inherited example from above all hosts with the `var` `mssql_port`
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set will be added as members to the host group `mssql`.
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set will be added as members to the host group `mssql`.
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## <a id="notifications"></a> Notifications
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Notifications for service and host problems are an integral part of your
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monitoring setup.
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When a host or service is in a downtime, a problem has been acknowledged or
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the dependency logic determined that the host/service is unreachable, no
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notirications are sent. You can configure additional type and state filters
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refining the notifications being actually sent.
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There are many ways of sending notifications, e.g. by e-mail, XMPP,
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IRC, Twitter, etc. On its own Icinga 2 does not know how to send notifications.
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Instead it relies on external mechanisms such as shell scripts to notify users.
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A notification specification requires one or more users (and/or user groups)
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who will be notified in case of problems. These users must have all custom
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attributes defined which will be used in the `NotificationCommand` on execution.
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The user `icingaadmin` in the example below will get notified only on `WARNING` and
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`CRITICAL` states and `problem` and `recovery` notification types.
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object User "icingaadmin" {
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display_name = "Icinga 2 Admin"
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enable_notifications = true
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states = [ OK, Warning, Critical ]
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types = [ Problem, Recovery ]
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email = "icinga@localhost"
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}
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If you don't set the `states` and `types`
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configuration attributes for the `User` object, notifications for all states and types
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will be sent.
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You should choose which information you (and your notified users) are interested in
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case of emergency, and also which information does not provide any value to you and
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your environment.
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An example notification command is explained [here](#notification-commands).
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You can add all shared attributes to a `Notification` template which is inherited
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to the defined notifications. That way you'll save duplicated attributes in each
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`Notification` object. Attributes can be overridden locally.
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template Notification "generic-notification" {
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interval = 15m
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command = "mail-service-notification"
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states = [ Warning, Critical, Unknown ]
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types = [ Problem, Acknowledgement, Recovery, Custom, FlappingStart,
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FlappingEnd, DowntimeStart,DowntimeEnd, DowntimeRemoved ]
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period = "24x7"
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}
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The time period `24x7` is shipped as example configuration with Icinga 2.
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Use the `apply` keyword to create `Notification` objects for your services:
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apply Notification "mail" to Service {
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import "generic-notification"
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command = "mail-notification"
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users = [ "icingaadmin" ]
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assign where service.name == "mysql"
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}
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Instead of assigning users to notifications, you can also add the `user_groups`
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attribute with a list of user groups to the `Notification` object. Icinga 2 will
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send notifications to all group members.
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### <a id="notification-escalations"></a> Notification Escalations
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When a problem notification is sent and a problem still exists after re-notification
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you may want to escalate the problem to the next support level. A different approach
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is to configure the default notification by email, and escalate the problem via sms
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if not already solved.
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You can define notification start and end times as additional configuration
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attributes making the `Notification` object a so-called `notification escalation`.
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Using templates you can share the basic notification attributes such as users or the
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`interval` (and override them for the escalation then).
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Using the example from above, you can define additional users being escalated for sms
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notifications between start and end time.
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object User "icinga-oncall-2nd-level" {
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display_name = "Icinga 2nd Level"
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vars.mobile = "+1 555 424642"
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}
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object User "icinga-oncall-1st-level" {
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display_name = "Icinga 1st Level"
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vars.mobile = "+1 555 424642"
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}
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Define an additional `NotificationCommand` for SMS notifications.
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> **Note**
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>
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> The example is not complete as there are many different SMS providers.
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> Please note that sending SMS notifications will require an SMS provider
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> or local hardware with a SIM card active.
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object NotificationCommand "sms-notification" {
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command = [
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PluginDir + "/send_sms_notification",
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"$mobile$",
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"..."
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}
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The two new notification escalations are added onto the host `localhost`
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and its service `ping4` using the `generic-notification` template.
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The user `icinga-oncall-2nd-level` will get notified by SMS (`sms-notification`
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command) after `30m` until `1h`.
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> **Note**
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>
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> The `interval` was set to 15m in the `generic-notification`
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> template example. Lower that value in your escalations by using a secondary
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> template or overriding the attribute directly in the `notifications` array
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> position for `escalation-sms-2nd-level`.
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If the problem does not get resolved or acknowledged preventing further notifications
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the `escalation-sms-1st-level` user will be escalated `1h` after the initial problem was
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notified, but only for one hour (`2h` as `end` key for the `times` dictionary).
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apply Notification "mail" to Service {
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import "generic-notification"
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command = "mail-notification"
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users = [ "icingaadmin" ]
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assign where service.name == "ping4"
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}
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apply Notification "escalation-sms-2nd-level" to Service {
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import "generic-notification"
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command = "sms-notification"
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users = [ "icinga-oncall-2nd-level" ]
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times = {
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begin = 30m
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end = 1h
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}
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assign where service.name == "ping4"
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}
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apply Notification "escalation-sms-1st-level" to Service {
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import "generic-notification"
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command = "sms-notification"
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users = [ "icinga-oncall-1st-level" ]
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times = {
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begin = 1h
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end = 2h
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}
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assign where service.name == "ping4"
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}
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### <a id="first-notification-delay"></a> First Notification Delay
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Sometimes the problem in question should not be notified when the first notification
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happens, but a defined time duration afterwards. In Icinga 2 you can use the `times`
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dictionary and set `begin = 15m` as key and value if you want to suppress notifications
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in the first 15 minutes. Leave out the `end` key - if not set, Icinga 2 will not check against any
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end time for this notification.
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apply Notification "mail" to Service {
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import "generic-notification"
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command = "mail-notification"
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users = [ "icingaadmin" ]
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times.begin = 15m // delay first notification
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assign where service.name == "ping4"
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}
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### <a id="notification-filters-state-type"></a> Notification Filters by State and Type
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If there are no notification state and type filter attributes defined at the `Notification`
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or `User` object Icinga 2 assumes that all states and types are being notified.
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Available state and type filters for notifications are:
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template Notification "generic-notification" {
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states = [ Warning, Critical, Unknown ]
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types = [ Problem, Acknowledgement, Recovery, Custom, FlappingStart,
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FlappingEnd, DowntimeStart, DowntimeEnd, DowntimeRemoved ]
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}
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If you are familiar with Icinga 1.x `notification_options` please note that they have been split
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into type and state, and allow more fine granular filtering for example on downtimes and flapping.
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You can filter for acknowledgements and custom notifications too.
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## <a id="timeperiods"></a> Time Periods
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## <a id="timeperiods"></a> Time Periods
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@ -298,7 +503,6 @@ Use the `period` attribute to assign time periods to
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}
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}
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## <a id="commands"></a> Commands
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## <a id="commands"></a> Commands
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Icinga 2 uses three different command object types to specify how
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Icinga 2 uses three different command object types to specify how
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@ -539,210 +743,99 @@ Details on all available options can be found in the
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[CheckCommand object definition](#objecttype-checkcommand).
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[CheckCommand object definition](#objecttype-checkcommand).
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## <a id="notifications"></a> Notifications
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## <a id="dependencies"></a> Dependencies
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Notifications for service and host problems are an integral part of your
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Icinga 2 uses host and service [Dependency](#objecttype-dependency) objects
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monitoring setup.
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for determing their network reachability.
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The `parent_host_name` and `parent_service_name` attributes are mandatory for
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service dependencies, `parent_host_name` is required for host dependencies.
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When a host or service is in a downtime, a problem has been acknowledged or
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A service can depend on a host, and vice versa. A service has an implicit
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the dependency logic determined that the host/service is unreachable, no
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dependency (parent) to its host. A host to host dependency acts implicit
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notirications are sent. You can configure additional type and state filters
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as host parent relation.
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refining the notifications being actually sent.
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When dependencies are calculated, not only the immediate parent is taken into
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account but all parents are inherited.
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There are many ways of sending notifications, e.g. by e-mail, XMPP,
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Notifications are suppressed if a host or service becomes unreachable.
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IRC, Twitter, etc. On its own Icinga 2 does not know how to send notifications.
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Instead it relies on external mechanisms such as shell scripts to notify users.
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A notification specification requires one or more users (and/or user groups)
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A common scenario is the Icinga 2 server behind a router. Checking internet
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who will be notified in case of problems. These users must have all custom
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access by pinging the Google DNS server `google-dns` is a common method, but
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attributes defined which will be used in the `NotificationCommand` on execution.
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will fail in case the `dsl-router` host is down. Therefore the example below
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defines a host dependency which acts implicit as parent relation too.
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The user `icingaadmin` in the example below will get notified only on `WARNING` and
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Furthermore the host may be reachable but ping probes are dropped by the
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`CRITICAL` states and `problem` and `recovery` notification types.
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router's firewall. In case the `dsl-router``ping4` service check fails, all
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further checks for the `ping4` service on host `google-dns` service should
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be suppressed. This is achieved by setting the `disable_checks` attribute to `true`.
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object User "icingaadmin" {
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object Host "dsl-router" {
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display_name = "Icinga 2 Admin"
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address = "192.168.1.1"
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enable_notifications = true
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states = [ OK, Warning, Critical ]
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types = [ Problem, Recovery ]
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email = "icinga@localhost"
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}
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}
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If you don't set the `states` and `types`
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object Host "google-dns" {
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configuration attributes for the `User` object, notifications for all states and types
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address = "8.8.8.8"
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will be sent.
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}
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You should choose which information you (and your notified users) are interested in
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apply Service "ping4" {
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case of emergency, and also which information does not provide any value to you and
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import "generic-service"
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your environment.
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An example notification command is explained [here](#notification-commands).
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check_command = "ping4"
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You can add all shared attributes to a `Notification` template which is inherited
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assign where host.address
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to the defined notifications. That way you'll save duplicated attributes in each
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}
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`Notification` object. Attributes can be overridden locally.
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apply Dependency "internet" to Service {
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parent_host_name = "dsl-router"
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disable_checks = true
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template Notification "generic-notification" {
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assign where host.name != "dsl-router"
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interval = 15m
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}
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command = "mail-service-notification"
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Another classic example are agent based checks. You would define a health check
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for the agent daemon responding to your requests, and make all other services
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querying that daemon depend on that health check.
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The following configuration defines two nrpe based service checks `nrpe-load`
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and `nrpe-disk` applied to the `nrpe-server`. The health check is defined as
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`nrpe-health` service.
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apply Service "nrpe-health" {
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import "generic-service"
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check_command = "nrpe"
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assign where match("nrpe-*", host.name)
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}
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apply Service "nrpe-load" {
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import "generic-service"
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check_command = "nrpe"
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vars.nrpe_command = "check_load"
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assign where match("nrpe-*", host.name)
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}
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apply Service "nrpe-disk" {
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import "generic-service"
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check_command = "nrpe"
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vars.nrpe_command = "check_disk"
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assign where match("nrpe-*", host.name)
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}
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object Host "nrpe-server" {
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import "generic-host"
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address = "192.168.1.5",
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}
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apply Dependency "disable-nrpe-checks" to Service {
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parent_service_name = "nrpe-health"
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states = [ Warning, Critical, Unknown ]
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states = [ Warning, Critical, Unknown ]
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types = [ Problem, Acknowledgement, Recovery, Custom, FlappingStart,
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disable_checks = true
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FlappingEnd, DowntimeStart,DowntimeEnd, DowntimeRemoved ]
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disable_notifications = true
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assign where match("nrpe-*", host.name)
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period = "24x7"
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ignore where service.name == "nrpe-health"
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}
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}
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The time period `24x7` is shipped as example configuration with Icinga 2.
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The `disable-nrpe-checks` dependency is applied to all services
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on the `nrpe-service` host but not the `nrpe-health` service itself.
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Use the `apply` keyword to create `Notification` objects for your services:
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apply Notification "mail" to Service {
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import "generic-notification"
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command = "mail-notification"
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users = [ "icingaadmin" ]
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assign where service.name == "mysql"
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}
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Instead of assigning users to notifications, you can also add the `user_groups`
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|
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attribute with a list of user groups to the `Notification` object. Icinga 2 will
|
|
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send notifications to all group members.
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|
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|
|
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### <a id="notification-escalations"></a> Notification Escalations
|
|
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|
|
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When a problem notification is sent and a problem still exists after re-notification
|
|
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you may want to escalate the problem to the next support level. A different approach
|
|
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is to configure the default notification by email, and escalate the problem via sms
|
|
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if not already solved.
|
|
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|
|
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You can define notification start and end times as additional configuration
|
|
||||||
attributes making the `Notification` object a so-called `notification escalation`.
|
|
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Using templates you can share the basic notification attributes such as users or the
|
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`interval` (and override them for the escalation then).
|
|
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|
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Using the example from above, you can define additional users being escalated for sms
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notifications between start and end time.
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object User "icinga-oncall-2nd-level" {
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display_name = "Icinga 2nd Level"
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vars.mobile = "+1 555 424642"
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}
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object User "icinga-oncall-1st-level" {
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display_name = "Icinga 1st Level"
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vars.mobile = "+1 555 424642"
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}
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Define an additional `NotificationCommand` for SMS notifications.
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> **Note**
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>
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|
||||||
> The example is not complete as there are many different SMS providers.
|
|
||||||
> Please note that sending SMS notifications will require an SMS provider
|
|
||||||
> or local hardware with a SIM card active.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
object NotificationCommand "sms-notification" {
|
|
||||||
command = [
|
|
||||||
PluginDir + "/send_sms_notification",
|
|
||||||
"$mobile$",
|
|
||||||
"..."
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The two new notification escalations are added onto the host `localhost`
|
|
||||||
and its service `ping4` using the `generic-notification` template.
|
|
||||||
The user `icinga-oncall-2nd-level` will get notified by SMS (`sms-notification`
|
|
||||||
command) after `30m` until `1h`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> **Note**
|
|
||||||
>
|
|
||||||
> The `interval` was set to 15m in the `generic-notification`
|
|
||||||
> template example. Lower that value in your escalations by using a secondary
|
|
||||||
> template or overriding the attribute directly in the `notifications` array
|
|
||||||
> position for `escalation-sms-2nd-level`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If the problem does not get resolved or acknowledged preventing further notifications
|
|
||||||
the `escalation-sms-1st-level` user will be escalated `1h` after the initial problem was
|
|
||||||
notified, but only for one hour (`2h` as `end` key for the `times` dictionary).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
apply Notification "mail" to Service {
|
|
||||||
import "generic-notification"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
command = "mail-notification"
|
|
||||||
users = [ "icingaadmin" ]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
assign where service.name == "ping4"
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
apply Notification "escalation-sms-2nd-level" to Service {
|
|
||||||
import "generic-notification"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
command = "sms-notification"
|
|
||||||
users = [ "icinga-oncall-2nd-level" ]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
times = {
|
|
||||||
begin = 30m
|
|
||||||
end = 1h
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
assign where service.name == "ping4"
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
apply Notification "escalation-sms-1st-level" to Service {
|
|
||||||
import "generic-notification"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
command = "sms-notification"
|
|
||||||
users = [ "icinga-oncall-1st-level" ]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
times = {
|
|
||||||
begin = 1h
|
|
||||||
end = 2h
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
assign where service.name == "ping4"
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### <a id="first-notification-delay"></a> First Notification Delay
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Sometimes the problem in question should not be notified when the first notification
|
|
||||||
happens, but a defined time duration afterwards. In Icinga 2 you can use the `times`
|
|
||||||
dictionary and set `begin = 15m` as key and value if you want to suppress notifications
|
|
||||||
in the first 15 minutes. Leave out the `end` key - if not set, Icinga 2 will not check against any
|
|
||||||
end time for this notification.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
apply Notification "mail" to Service {
|
|
||||||
import "generic-notification"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
command = "mail-notification"
|
|
||||||
users = [ "icingaadmin" ]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
times.begin = 15m // delay first notification
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
assign where service.name == "ping4"
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### <a id="notification-filters-state-type"></a> Notification Filters by State and Type
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If there are no notification state and type filter attributes defined at the `Notification`
|
|
||||||
or `User` object Icinga 2 assumes that all states and types are being notified.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Available state and type filters for notifications are:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
template Notification "generic-notification" {
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
states = [ Warning, Critical, Unknown ]
|
|
||||||
types = [ Problem, Acknowledgement, Recovery, Custom, FlappingStart,
|
|
||||||
FlappingEnd, DowntimeStart, DowntimeEnd, DowntimeRemoved ]
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If you are familiar with Icinga 1.x `notification_options` please note that they have been split
|
|
||||||
into type and state, and allow more fine granular filtering for example on downtimes and flapping.
|
|
||||||
You can filter for acknowledgements and custom notifications too.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## <a id="downtimes"></a> Downtimes
|
## <a id="downtimes"></a> Downtimes
|
||||||
|
|
@ -872,100 +965,6 @@ Icinga 2 will clear the acknowledgement when expired and start to
|
||||||
re-notify if the problem persists.
|
re-notify if the problem persists.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## <a id="dependencies"></a> Dependencies
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Icinga 2 uses host and service [Dependency](#objecttype-dependency) objects
|
|
||||||
for determing their network reachability.
|
|
||||||
The `parent_host_name` and `parent_service_name` attributes are mandatory for
|
|
||||||
service dependencies, `parent_host_name` is required for host dependencies.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A service can depend on a host, and vice versa. A service has an implicit
|
|
||||||
dependency (parent) to its host. A host to host dependency acts implicit
|
|
||||||
as host parent relation.
|
|
||||||
When dependencies are calculated, not only the immediate parent is taken into
|
|
||||||
account but all parents are inherited.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Notifications are suppressed if a host or service becomes unreachable.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A common scenario is the Icinga 2 server behind a router. Checking internet
|
|
||||||
access by pinging the Google DNS server `google-dns` is a common method, but
|
|
||||||
will fail in case the `dsl-router` host is down. Therefore the example below
|
|
||||||
defines a host dependency which acts implicit as parent relation too.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Furthermore the host may be reachable but ping probes are dropped by the
|
|
||||||
router's firewall. In case the `dsl-router``ping4` service check fails, all
|
|
||||||
further checks for the `ping4` service on host `google-dns` service should
|
|
||||||
be suppressed. This is achieved by setting the `disable_checks` attribute to `true`.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
object Host "dsl-router" {
|
|
||||||
address = "192.168.1.1"
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
object Host "google-dns" {
|
|
||||||
address = "8.8.8.8"
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
apply Service "ping4" {
|
|
||||||
import "generic-service"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
check_command = "ping4"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
assign where host.address
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
apply Dependency "internet" to Service {
|
|
||||||
parent_host_name = "dsl-router"
|
|
||||||
disable_checks = true
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
assign where host.name != "dsl-router"
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Another classic example are agent based checks. You would define a health check
|
|
||||||
for the agent daemon responding to your requests, and make all other services
|
|
||||||
querying that daemon depend on that health check.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The following configuration defines two nrpe based service checks `nrpe-load`
|
|
||||||
and `nrpe-disk` applied to the `nrpe-server`. The health check is defined as
|
|
||||||
`nrpe-health` service.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
apply Service "nrpe-health" {
|
|
||||||
import "generic-service"
|
|
||||||
check_command = "nrpe"
|
|
||||||
assign where match("nrpe-*", host.name)
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
apply Service "nrpe-load" {
|
|
||||||
import "generic-service"
|
|
||||||
check_command = "nrpe"
|
|
||||||
vars.nrpe_command = "check_load"
|
|
||||||
assign where match("nrpe-*", host.name)
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
apply Service "nrpe-disk" {
|
|
||||||
import "generic-service"
|
|
||||||
check_command = "nrpe"
|
|
||||||
vars.nrpe_command = "check_disk"
|
|
||||||
assign where match("nrpe-*", host.name)
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
object Host "nrpe-server" {
|
|
||||||
import "generic-host"
|
|
||||||
address = "192.168.1.5",
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
apply Dependency "disable-nrpe-checks" to Service {
|
|
||||||
parent_service_name = "nrpe-health"
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
states = [ Warning, Critical, Unknown ]
|
|
||||||
disable_checks = true
|
|
||||||
disable_notifications = true
|
|
||||||
assign where match("nrpe-*", host.name)
|
|
||||||
ignore where service.name == "nrpe-health"
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The `disable-nrpe-checks` dependency is applied to all services
|
|
||||||
on the `nrpe-service` host but not the `nrpe-health` service itself.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## <a id="custom-attributes"></a> Custom Attributes
|
## <a id="custom-attributes"></a> Custom Attributes
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
||||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue