icinga2/lib/base/tlsutility.cpp

/******************************************************************************
 * Icinga 2                                                                   *
 * Copyright (C) 2012-2018 Icinga Development Team (https://icinga.com/)      *
 *                                                                            *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or              *
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License                *
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2             *
 * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.                     *
 *                                                                            *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,            *
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of             *
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the              *
 * GNU General Public License for more details.                               *
 *                                                                            *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License          *
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation     *
 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.             *
 ******************************************************************************/

#include "base/tlsutility.hpp"
#include "base/convert.hpp"
#include "base/logger.hpp"
#include "base/context.hpp"
#include "base/utility.hpp"
#include "base/application.hpp"
#include "base/exception.hpp"
#include <fstream>

namespace icinga
{

static bool l_SSLInitialized = false;
static boost::mutex *l_Mutexes;
static boost::mutex l_RandomMutex;

#ifdef CRYPTO_LOCK
static void OpenSSLLockingCallback(int mode, int type, const char *, int)
{
	if (mode & CRYPTO_LOCK)
		l_Mutexes[type].lock();
	else
		l_Mutexes[type].unlock();
}

static unsigned long OpenSSLIDCallback()
{
#ifdef _WIN32
	return (unsigned long)GetCurrentThreadId();
#else /* _WIN32 */
	return (unsigned long)pthread_self();
#endif /* _WIN32 */
}
#endif /* CRYPTO_LOCK */

/**
 * Initializes the OpenSSL library.
 */
void InitializeOpenSSL()
{
	if (l_SSLInitialized)
		return;

	SSL_library_init();
	SSL_load_error_strings();

	SSL_COMP_get_compression_methods();

#ifdef CRYPTO_LOCK
	l_Mutexes = new boost::mutex[CRYPTO_num_locks()];
	CRYPTO_set_locking_callback(&OpenSSLLockingCallback);
	CRYPTO_set_id_callback(&OpenSSLIDCallback);
#endif /* CRYPTO_LOCK */

	l_SSLInitialized = true;
}

/**
 * Initializes an SSL context using the specified certificates.
 *
 * @param pubkey The public key.
 * @param privkey The matching private key.
 * @param cakey CA certificate chain file.
 * @returns An SSL context.
 */
std::shared_ptr<SSL_CTX> MakeSSLContext(const String& pubkey, const String& privkey, const String& cakey)
{
	char errbuf[120];

	InitializeOpenSSL();

	std::shared_ptr<SSL_CTX> sslContext = std::shared_ptr<SSL_CTX>(SSL_CTX_new(SSLv23_method()), SSL_CTX_free);

	long flags = SSL_OP_NO_SSLv2 | SSL_OP_NO_SSLv3 | SSL_OP_CIPHER_SERVER_PREFERENCE;

#ifdef SSL_OP_NO_COMPRESSION
	flags |= SSL_OP_NO_COMPRESSION;
#endif /* SSL_OP_NO_COMPRESSION */

	SSL_CTX_set_options(sslContext.get(), flags);

	SSL_CTX_set_mode(sslContext.get(), SSL_MODE_ENABLE_PARTIAL_WRITE | SSL_MODE_ACCEPT_MOVING_WRITE_BUFFER);
	SSL_CTX_set_session_id_context(sslContext.get(), (const unsigned char *)"Icinga 2", 8);

	if (!pubkey.IsEmpty()) {
		if (!SSL_CTX_use_certificate_chain_file(sslContext.get(), pubkey.CStr())) {
			Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
				<< "Error with public key file '" << pubkey << "': " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
			BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
				<< boost::errinfo_api_function("SSL_CTX_use_certificate_chain_file")
				<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error())
				<< boost::errinfo_file_name(pubkey));
		}
	}

	if (!privkey.IsEmpty()) {
		if (!SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file(sslContext.get(), privkey.CStr(), SSL_FILETYPE_PEM)) {
			Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
				<< "Error with private key file '" << privkey << "': " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
			BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
				<< boost::errinfo_api_function("SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file")
				<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error())
				<< boost::errinfo_file_name(privkey));
		}

		if (!SSL_CTX_check_private_key(sslContext.get())) {
			Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
				<< "Error checking private key '" << privkey << "': " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
			BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
				<< boost::errinfo_api_function("SSL_CTX_check_private_key")
				<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error()));
		}
	}

	if (!cakey.IsEmpty()) {
		if (!SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations(sslContext.get(), cakey.CStr(), nullptr)) {
			Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
				<< "Error loading and verifying locations in ca key file '" << cakey << "': " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
			BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
				<< boost::errinfo_api_function("SSL_CTX_load_verify_locations")
				<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error())
				<< boost::errinfo_file_name(cakey));
		}

		STACK_OF(X509_NAME) *cert_names;

		cert_names = SSL_load_client_CA_file(cakey.CStr());
		if (!cert_names) {
			Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
				<< "Error loading client ca key file '" << cakey << "': " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
			BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
				<< boost::errinfo_api_function("SSL_load_client_CA_file")
				<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error())
				<< boost::errinfo_file_name(cakey));
		}

		SSL_CTX_set_client_CA_list(sslContext.get(), cert_names);
	}

	return sslContext;
}

/**
 * Set the cipher list to the specified SSL context.
 * @param context The ssl context.
 * @param cipherList The ciper list.
 **/
void SetCipherListToSSLContext(const std::shared_ptr<SSL_CTX>& context, const String& cipherList)
{
	char errbuf[256];

	if (SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list(context.get(), cipherList.CStr()) == 0) {
		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Cipher list '"
			<< cipherList
			<< "' does not specify any usable ciphers: "
			<< ERR_peek_error() << ", \""
			<< ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";

		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("SSL_CTX_set_cipher_list")
			<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error()));
	}
}

/**
 * Set the minimum TLS protocol version to the specified SSL context.
 *
 * @param context The ssl context.
 * @param tlsProtocolmin The minimum TLS protocol version.
 */
void SetTlsProtocolminToSSLContext(const std::shared_ptr<SSL_CTX>& context, const String& tlsProtocolmin)
{
	long flags = SSL_CTX_get_options(context.get());

	flags |= SSL_OP_NO_SSLv2 | SSL_OP_NO_SSLv3;

#ifdef SSL_TXT_TLSV1_1
	if (tlsProtocolmin == SSL_TXT_TLSV1_1)
		flags |= SSL_OP_NO_TLSv1;
	else
#endif /* SSL_TXT_TLSV1_1 */
#ifdef SSL_TXT_TLSV1_2
	if (tlsProtocolmin == SSL_TXT_TLSV1_2)
		flags |= SSL_OP_NO_TLSv1 | SSL_OP_NO_TLSv1_1;
	else
#endif /* SSL_TXT_TLSV1_2 */
	if (tlsProtocolmin != SSL_TXT_TLSV1)
		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(std::invalid_argument("Invalid TLS protocol version specified."));

	SSL_CTX_set_options(context.get(), flags);
}

/**
 * Loads a CRL and appends its certificates to the specified SSL context.
 *
 * @param context The SSL context.
 * @param crlPath The path to the CRL file.
 */
void AddCRLToSSLContext(const std::shared_ptr<SSL_CTX>& context, const String& crlPath)
{
	char errbuf[120];
	X509_STORE *x509_store = SSL_CTX_get_cert_store(context.get());

	X509_LOOKUP *lookup;
	lookup = X509_STORE_add_lookup(x509_store, X509_LOOKUP_file());

	if (!lookup) {
		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Error adding X509 store lookup: " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("X509_STORE_add_lookup")
			<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error()));
	}

	if (X509_LOOKUP_load_file(lookup, crlPath.CStr(), X509_FILETYPE_PEM) != 1) {
		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Error loading crl file '" << crlPath << "': " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("X509_LOOKUP_load_file")
			<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error())
			<< boost::errinfo_file_name(crlPath));
	}

	X509_VERIFY_PARAM *param = X509_VERIFY_PARAM_new();
	X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_flags(param, X509_V_FLAG_CRL_CHECK);
	X509_STORE_set1_param(x509_store, param);
	X509_VERIFY_PARAM_free(param);
}

static String GetX509NameCN(X509_NAME *name)
{
	char errbuf[120];
	char buffer[256];

	int rc = X509_NAME_get_text_by_NID(name, NID_commonName, buffer, sizeof(buffer));

	if (rc == -1) {
		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Error with x509 NAME getting text by NID: " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("X509_NAME_get_text_by_NID")
			<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error()));
	}

	return buffer;
}

/**
 * Retrieves the common name for an X509 certificate.
 *
 * @param certificate The X509 certificate.
 * @returns The common name.
 */
String GetCertificateCN(const std::shared_ptr<X509>& certificate)
{
	return GetX509NameCN(X509_get_subject_name(certificate.get()));
}

/**
 * Retrieves an X509 certificate from the specified file.
 *
 * @param pemfile The filename.
 * @returns An X509 certificate.
 */
std::shared_ptr<X509> GetX509Certificate(const String& pemfile)
{
	char errbuf[120];
	X509 *cert;
	BIO *fpcert = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());

	if (!fpcert) {
		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Error creating new BIO: " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("BIO_new")
			<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error()));
	}

	if (BIO_read_filename(fpcert, pemfile.CStr()) < 0) {
		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Error reading pem file '" << pemfile << "': " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("BIO_read_filename")
			<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error())
			<< boost::errinfo_file_name(pemfile));
	}

	cert = PEM_read_bio_X509_AUX(fpcert, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
	if (!cert) {
		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Error on bio X509 AUX reading pem file '" << pemfile << "': " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("PEM_read_bio_X509_AUX")
			<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error())
			<< boost::errinfo_file_name(pemfile));
	}

	BIO_free(fpcert);

	return std::shared_ptr<X509>(cert, X509_free);
}

int MakeX509CSR(const String& cn, const String& keyfile, const String& csrfile, const String& certfile, bool ca)
{
	char errbuf[120];

	InitializeOpenSSL();

	RSA *rsa = RSA_generate_key(4096, RSA_F4, nullptr, nullptr);

	Log(LogInformation, "base")
		<< "Writing private key to '" << keyfile << "'.";

	BIO *bio = BIO_new_file(const_cast<char *>(keyfile.CStr()), "w");

	if (!bio) {
		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Error while opening private RSA key file '" << keyfile << "': " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("BIO_new_file")
			<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error())
			<< boost::errinfo_file_name(keyfile));
	}

	if (!PEM_write_bio_RSAPrivateKey(bio, rsa, nullptr, nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr)) {
		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Error while writing private RSA key to file '" << keyfile << "': " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("PEM_write_bio_RSAPrivateKey")
			<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error())
			<< boost::errinfo_file_name(keyfile));
	}

	BIO_free(bio);

#ifndef _WIN32
	chmod(keyfile.CStr(), 0600);
#endif /* _WIN32 */

	EVP_PKEY *key = EVP_PKEY_new();
	EVP_PKEY_assign_RSA(key, rsa);

	if (!certfile.IsEmpty()) {
		X509_NAME *subject = X509_NAME_new();
		X509_NAME_add_entry_by_txt(subject, "CN", MBSTRING_ASC, (unsigned char *)cn.CStr(), -1, -1, 0);

		std::shared_ptr<X509> cert = CreateCert(key, subject, subject, key, ca);

		X509_NAME_free(subject);

		Log(LogInformation, "base")
			<< "Writing X509 certificate to '" << certfile << "'.";

		bio = BIO_new_file(const_cast<char *>(certfile.CStr()), "w");

		if (!bio) {
			Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
				<< "Error while opening certificate file '" << certfile << "': " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
			BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
				<< boost::errinfo_api_function("BIO_new_file")
				<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error())
				<< boost::errinfo_file_name(certfile));
		}

		if (!PEM_write_bio_X509(bio, cert.get())) {
			Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
				<< "Error while writing certificate to file '" << certfile << "': " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
			BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
				<< boost::errinfo_api_function("PEM_write_bio_X509")
				<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error())
				<< boost::errinfo_file_name(certfile));
		}

		BIO_free(bio);
	}

	if (!csrfile.IsEmpty()) {
		X509_REQ *req = X509_REQ_new();

		if (!req)
			return 0;

		X509_REQ_set_version(req, 0);
		X509_REQ_set_pubkey(req, key);

		X509_NAME *name = X509_REQ_get_subject_name(req);
		X509_NAME_add_entry_by_txt(name, "CN", MBSTRING_ASC, (unsigned char *)cn.CStr(), -1, -1, 0);

		if (!ca) {
			String san = "DNS:" + cn;
			X509_EXTENSION *subjectAltNameExt = X509V3_EXT_conf_nid(nullptr, nullptr, NID_subject_alt_name, const_cast<char *>(san.CStr()));
			if (subjectAltNameExt) {
				/* OpenSSL 0.9.8 requires STACK_OF(X509_EXTENSION), otherwise we would just use stack_st_X509_EXTENSION. */
				STACK_OF(X509_EXTENSION) *exts = sk_X509_EXTENSION_new_null();
				sk_X509_EXTENSION_push(exts, subjectAltNameExt);
				X509_REQ_add_extensions(req, exts);
				sk_X509_EXTENSION_pop_free(exts, X509_EXTENSION_free);
			}
		}

		X509_REQ_sign(req, key, EVP_sha256());

		Log(LogInformation, "base")
			<< "Writing certificate signing request to '" << csrfile << "'.";

		bio = BIO_new_file(const_cast<char *>(csrfile.CStr()), "w");

		if (!bio) {
			Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
				<< "Error while opening CSR file '" << csrfile << "': " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
			BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
				<< boost::errinfo_api_function("BIO_new_file")
				<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error())
				<< boost::errinfo_file_name(csrfile));
		}

		if (!PEM_write_bio_X509_REQ(bio, req)) {
			Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
				<< "Error while writing CSR to file '" << csrfile << "': " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
			BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
				<< boost::errinfo_api_function("PEM_write_bio_X509")
				<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error())
				<< boost::errinfo_file_name(csrfile));
		}

		BIO_free(bio);

		X509_REQ_free(req);
	}

	EVP_PKEY_free(key);

	return 1;
}

std::shared_ptr<X509> CreateCert(EVP_PKEY *pubkey, X509_NAME *subject, X509_NAME *issuer, EVP_PKEY *cakey, bool ca)
{
	X509 *cert = X509_new();
	X509_set_version(cert, 2);
	X509_gmtime_adj(X509_get_notBefore(cert), 0);
	X509_gmtime_adj(X509_get_notAfter(cert), 365 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 15);
	X509_set_pubkey(cert, pubkey);

	X509_set_subject_name(cert, subject);
	X509_set_issuer_name(cert, issuer);

	String id = Utility::NewUniqueID();

	char errbuf[120];
	SHA_CTX context;
	unsigned char digest[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH];

	if (!SHA1_Init(&context)) {
		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Error on SHA1 Init: " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("SHA1_Init")
			<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error()));
	}

	if (!SHA1_Update(&context, (unsigned char*)id.CStr(), id.GetLength())) {
		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Error on SHA1 Update: " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("SHA1_Update")
			<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error()));
	}

	if (!SHA1_Final(digest, &context)) {
		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Error on SHA1 Final: " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("SHA1_Final")
			<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error()));
	}

	BIGNUM *bn = BN_new();
	BN_bin2bn(digest, sizeof(digest), bn);
	BN_to_ASN1_INTEGER(bn, X509_get_serialNumber(cert));
	BN_free(bn);

	X509V3_CTX ctx;
	X509V3_set_ctx_nodb(&ctx);
	X509V3_set_ctx(&ctx, cert, cert, nullptr, nullptr, 0);

	const char *attr;

	if (ca)
		attr = "critical,CA:TRUE";
	else
		attr = "critical,CA:FALSE";

	X509_EXTENSION *basicConstraintsExt = X509V3_EXT_conf_nid(nullptr, &ctx, NID_basic_constraints, const_cast<char *>(attr));

	if (basicConstraintsExt) {
		X509_add_ext(cert, basicConstraintsExt, -1);
		X509_EXTENSION_free(basicConstraintsExt);
	}

	String cn = GetX509NameCN(subject);

	if (!ca) {
		String san = "DNS:" + cn;
		X509_EXTENSION *subjectAltNameExt = X509V3_EXT_conf_nid(nullptr, &ctx, NID_subject_alt_name, const_cast<char *>(san.CStr()));
		if (subjectAltNameExt) {
			X509_add_ext(cert, subjectAltNameExt, -1);
			X509_EXTENSION_free(subjectAltNameExt);
		}
	}

	X509_sign(cert, cakey, EVP_sha256());

	return std::shared_ptr<X509>(cert, X509_free);
}

String GetIcingaCADir()
{
	return Configuration::DataDir + "/ca";
}

std::shared_ptr<X509> CreateCertIcingaCA(EVP_PKEY *pubkey, X509_NAME *subject)
{
	char errbuf[120];

	String cadir = GetIcingaCADir();

	String cakeyfile = cadir + "/ca.key";

	RSA *rsa;

	BIO *cakeybio = BIO_new_file(const_cast<char *>(cakeyfile.CStr()), "r");

	if (!cakeybio) {
		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Could not open CA key file '" << cakeyfile << "': " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
		return std::shared_ptr<X509>();
	}

	rsa = PEM_read_bio_RSAPrivateKey(cakeybio, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);

	if (!rsa) {
		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Could not read RSA key from CA key file '" << cakeyfile << "': " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
		return std::shared_ptr<X509>();
	}

	BIO_free(cakeybio);

	String cacertfile = cadir + "/ca.crt";

	std::shared_ptr<X509> cacert = GetX509Certificate(cacertfile);

	EVP_PKEY *privkey = EVP_PKEY_new();
	EVP_PKEY_assign_RSA(privkey, rsa);

	return CreateCert(pubkey, subject, X509_get_subject_name(cacert.get()), privkey, false);
}

std::shared_ptr<X509> CreateCertIcingaCA(const std::shared_ptr<X509>& cert)
{
	std::shared_ptr<EVP_PKEY> pkey = std::shared_ptr<EVP_PKEY>(X509_get_pubkey(cert.get()), EVP_PKEY_free);
	return CreateCertIcingaCA(pkey.get(), X509_get_subject_name(cert.get()));
}

String CertificateToString(const std::shared_ptr<X509>& cert)
{
	BIO *mem = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
	PEM_write_bio_X509(mem, cert.get());

	char *data;
	long len = BIO_get_mem_data(mem, &data);

	String result = String(data, data + len);

	BIO_free(mem);

	return result;
}

std::shared_ptr<X509> StringToCertificate(const String& cert)
{
	BIO *bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
	BIO_write(bio, (const void *)cert.CStr(), cert.GetLength());

	X509 *rawCert = PEM_read_bio_X509_AUX(bio, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);

	BIO_free(bio);

	if (!rawCert)
		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(std::invalid_argument("The specified X509 certificate is invalid."));

	return std::shared_ptr<X509>(rawCert, X509_free);
}

String PBKDF2_SHA1(const String& password, const String& salt, int iterations)
{
	unsigned char digest[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH];
	PKCS5_PBKDF2_HMAC_SHA1(password.CStr(), password.GetLength(), reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(salt.CStr()), salt.GetLength(),
		iterations, sizeof(digest), digest);

	char output[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH*2+1];
	for (int i = 0; i < SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH; i++)
		sprintf(output + 2 * i, "%02x", digest[i]);

	return output;
}

String PBKDF2_SHA256(const String& password, const String& salt, int iterations)
{
	unsigned char digest[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH];
	PKCS5_PBKDF2_HMAC(password.CStr(), password.GetLength(), reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char *>(salt.CStr()),
		salt.GetLength(), iterations, EVP_sha256(), SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH, digest);

	char output[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH*2+1];
	for (int i = 0; i < SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH; i++)
		sprintf(output + 2 * i, "%02x", digest[i]);

	return output;
}

String SHA1(const String& s, bool binary)
{
	char errbuf[120];
	SHA_CTX context;
	unsigned char digest[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH];

	if (!SHA1_Init(&context)) {
		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Error on SHA Init: " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("SHA1_Init")
			<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error()));
	}

	if (!SHA1_Update(&context, (unsigned char*)s.CStr(), s.GetLength())) {
		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Error on SHA Update: " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("SHA1_Update")
			<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error()));
	}

	if (!SHA1_Final(digest, &context)) {
		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Error on SHA Final: " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("SHA1_Final")
			<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error()));
	}

	if (binary)
		return String(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(digest), reinterpret_cast<const char *>(digest + SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH));

	char output[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH*2+1];
	for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
		sprintf(output + 2 * i, "%02x", digest[i]);

	return output;
}

String SHA256(const String& s)
{
	char errbuf[120];
	SHA256_CTX context;
	unsigned char digest[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH];

	if (!SHA256_Init(&context)) {
		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Error on SHA256 Init: " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("SHA256_Init")
			<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error()));
	}

	if (!SHA256_Update(&context, (unsigned char*)s.CStr(), s.GetLength())) {
		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Error on SHA256 Update: " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("SHA256_Update")
			<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error()));
	}

	if (!SHA256_Final(digest, &context)) {
		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Error on SHA256 Final: " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("SHA256_Final")
			<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error()));
	}

	char output[SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH*2+1];
	for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++)
		sprintf(output + 2 * i, "%02x", digest[i]);

	return output;
}

String RandomString(int length)
{
	auto *bytes = new unsigned char[length];

	/* Ensure that password generation is atomic. RAND_bytes is not thread-safe
	 * in OpenSSL < 1.1.0.
	 */
	boost::mutex::scoped_lock lock(l_RandomMutex);

	if (!RAND_bytes(bytes, length)) {
		delete [] bytes;

		char errbuf[120];

		Log(LogCritical, "SSL")
			<< "Error for RAND_bytes: " << ERR_peek_error() << ", \"" << ERR_error_string(ERR_peek_error(), errbuf) << "\"";
		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(openssl_error()
			<< boost::errinfo_api_function("RAND_bytes")
			<< errinfo_openssl_error(ERR_peek_error()));
	}

	lock.unlock();

	auto *output = new char[length * 2 + 1];
	for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
		sprintf(output + 2 * i, "%02x", bytes[i]);

	String result = output;
	delete [] bytes;
	delete [] output;

	return result;
}

bool VerifyCertificate(const std::shared_ptr<X509>& caCertificate, const std::shared_ptr<X509>& certificate)
{
	X509_STORE *store = X509_STORE_new();

	if (!store)
		return false;

	X509_STORE_add_cert(store, caCertificate.get());

	X509_STORE_CTX *csc = X509_STORE_CTX_new();
	X509_STORE_CTX_init(csc, store, certificate.get(), nullptr);

	int rc = X509_verify_cert(csc);

	X509_STORE_CTX_free(csc);
	X509_STORE_free(store);

	return rc == 1;
}

std::string to_string(const errinfo_openssl_error& e)
{
	std::ostringstream tmp;
	int code = e.value();
	char errbuf[120];

	const char *message = ERR_error_string(code, errbuf);

	if (!message)
		message = "Unknown error.";

	tmp << code << ", \"" << message << "\"";
	return "[errinfo_openssl_error]" + tmp.str() + "\n";
}

}