Merge remote-tracking branch 'olivierlacan/master'

This commit is contained in:
Emre Erkan 2017-06-20 13:26:46 +03:00
commit 9d8ef43fa4
34 changed files with 1755 additions and 358 deletions

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@ -1,23 +1,51 @@
# Change Log
# Changelog
All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](http://keepachangelog.com/)
and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](http://semver.org/).
## [Unreleased]
## [1.0.0] - 2017-06-20
### Added
- zh-CN and zh-TW translations from @tianshuo.
- de translation from @mpbzh.
- it-IT translation from @roalz.
- sv translation from @magol.
- tr-TR translation from @karalamalar.
- fr translation from @zapashcanon.
- New visual identity by @tylerfortune8.
- Version navigation.
- Links to latest released version in previous versions.
- "Why keep a changelog?" section.
- "Who needs a changelog?" section.
- "How do I make a changelog?" section.
- "Frequently Asked Questions" section.
- New "Guiding Principles" sub-section to "How do I make a changelog?".
- Simplified and Traditional Chinese translations from @tianshuo.
- German translation from @mpbzh.
- Italian translation from @roalz.
- Swedish translation from @magol.
- Turkish translation from @karalamalar.
- French translation from @zapashcanon.
- Brazilian Portugese translation from @aisamu.
- Polish translation from @amielucha.
### Changed
- Start using "changelog" over "change log" since it's the common usage.
- Start versioning based on the current English version at 0.3.0 to help
translation authors keep things up-to-date.
- Fix typos in zh-CN translation.
- Fix typos in pt-BR translation.
- Rewrite "What makes unicorns cry?" section.
- Rewrite "Ignoring Deprecations" sub-section to clarify the ideal
scenario.
- Improve "Commit log diffs" sub-section to further argument against
them.
- Merge "Why cant people just use a git log diff?" with "Commit log
diffs"
- Fix typos in Simplified Chinese and Traditional Chinese translations.
- Fix typos in Brazilian Portugese translation.
- Fix typos in Turkish translation.
- Fix typos in Czech translation.
- Fix typos in Swedish translation.
- Improve phrasing in French translation.
- Fix phrasing and spelling in German translation.
### Removed
- Section about "changelog" vs "CHANGELOG".
## [0.3.0] - 2015-12-03
### Added
@ -27,8 +55,8 @@ translation authors keep things up-to-date.
## [0.2.0] - 2015-10-06
### Changed
- Remove exclusionary mentions of "open source" since this project can benefit
both "open" and "closed" source projects equally.
- Remove exclusionary mentions of "open source" since this project can
benefit both "open" and "closed" source projects equally.
## [0.1.0] - 2015-10-06
### Added
@ -94,13 +122,15 @@ notable changes.
## 0.0.1 - 2014-05-31
### Added
- This CHANGELOG file to hopefully serve as an evolving example of a standardized open source project CHANGELOG.
- This CHANGELOG file to hopefully serve as an evolving example of a
standardized open source project CHANGELOG.
- CNAME file to enable GitHub Pages custom domain
- README now contains answers to common questions about CHANGELOGs
- Good examples and basic guidelines, including proper date formatting.
- Counter-examples: "What makes unicorns cry?"
[Unreleased]: https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/compare/v0.3.0...HEAD
[Unreleased]: https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/compare/v1.0.0...HEAD
[1.0.0]: https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/compare/v0.3.0...v1.0.0
[0.3.0]: https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/compare/v0.2.0...v0.3.0
[0.2.0]: https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/compare/v0.1.0...v0.2.0
[0.1.0]: https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/compare/v0.0.8...v0.1.0

46
CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
# Contributor Covenant Code of Conduct
## Our Pledge
In the interest of fostering an open and welcoming environment, we as contributors and maintainers pledge to making participation in our project and our community a harassment-free experience for everyone, regardless of age, body size, disability, ethnicity, gender identity and expression, level of experience, nationality, personal appearance, race, religion, or sexual identity and orientation.
## Our Standards
Examples of behavior that contributes to creating a positive environment include:
* Using welcoming and inclusive language
* Being respectful of differing viewpoints and experiences
* Gracefully accepting constructive criticism
* Focusing on what is best for the community
* Showing empathy towards other community members
Examples of unacceptable behavior by participants include:
* The use of sexualized language or imagery and unwelcome sexual attention or advances
* Trolling, insulting/derogatory comments, and personal or political attacks
* Public or private harassment
* Publishing others' private information, such as a physical or electronic address, without explicit permission
* Other conduct which could reasonably be considered inappropriate in a professional setting
## Our Responsibilities
Project maintainers are responsible for clarifying the standards of acceptable behavior and are expected to take appropriate and fair corrective action in response to any instances of unacceptable behavior.
Project maintainers have the right and responsibility to remove, edit, or reject comments, commits, code, wiki edits, issues, and other contributions that are not aligned to this Code of Conduct, or to ban temporarily or permanently any contributor for other behaviors that they deem inappropriate, threatening, offensive, or harmful.
## Scope
This Code of Conduct applies both within project spaces and in public spaces when an individual is representing the project or its community. Examples of representing a project or community include using an official project e-mail address, posting via an official social media account, or acting as an appointed representative at an online or offline event. Representation of a project may be further defined and clarified by project maintainers.
## Enforcement
Instances of abusive, harassing, or otherwise unacceptable behavior may be reported by contacting the project team at hi@olivierlacan.com. The project team will review and investigate all complaints, and will respond in a way that it deems appropriate to the circumstances. The project team is obligated to maintain confidentiality with regard to the reporter of an incident. Further details of specific enforcement policies may be posted separately.
Project maintainers who do not follow or enforce the Code of Conduct in good faith may face temporary or permanent repercussions as determined by other members of the project's leadership.
## Attribution
This Code of Conduct is adapted from the [Contributor Covenant][homepage], version 1.4, available at [http://contributor-covenant.org/version/1/4][version]
[homepage]: http://contributor-covenant.org
[version]: http://contributor-covenant.org/version/1/4/

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@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ GEM
thread_safe (~> 0.3, >= 0.3.4)
tzinfo (~> 1.1)
addressable (2.4.0)
autoprefixer-rails (6.4.0.1)
autoprefixer-rails (6.7.7.2)
execjs
backports (3.6.8)
coderay (1.1.1)
coffee-script (2.4.1)
coffee-script-source
execjs
coffee-script-source (1.10.0)
coffee-script-source (1.12.2)
compass-import-once (1.0.5)
sass (>= 3.2, < 3.5)
concurrent-ruby (1.0.2)
@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ GEM
rb-fsevent (0.9.7)
rb-inotify (0.9.7)
ffi (>= 0.5.0)
redcarpet (3.3.3)
redcarpet (3.4.0)
rouge (2.0.5)
sass (3.4.22)
servolux (0.12.0)
@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ GEM
tilt (1.4.1)
tzinfo (1.2.2)
thread_safe (~> 0.1)
uglifier (3.0.1)
uglifier (3.2.0)
execjs (>= 0.3.0, < 3)
PLATFORMS
@ -146,4 +146,4 @@ DEPENDENCIES
redcarpet
BUNDLED WITH
1.12.0
1.13.6

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@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
# Keep a CHANGELOG [![version](https://img.shields.io/badge/version-0.3.0-blue.svg)][CHANGELOG]
# <img src="https://d3vv6lp55qjaqc.cloudfront.net/items/1L1w0v431V0d1K410f3Y/keepAChangelog-logo-dark.svg" height=150 alt="Keep a Changelog" />
Dont let your friends dump git logs into CHANGELOGs™
[![version][version-badge]][CHANGELOG] [![license][license-badge]][LICENSE]
Dont let your friends dump git logs into changelogs™
This repository generates http://keepachangelog.com/.
@ -15,32 +17,36 @@ This repository generates http://keepachangelog.com/.
- `git clone https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog.git`
- `cd keep-a-changelog`
- `bundle install`
- `middleman` starts the local development server at http://localhost:4567
- `bundle exec middleman` starts the local development server at http://localhost:4567
### Deployment
- `rake publish` builds and pushes to the `gh-pages` branch
- `bundle exec rake publish` builds and pushes to the `gh-pages` branch
### Translations
Create a new directory in [`source/`][source] named after the ISO 639-1 code
for the language you wish to translate Keep a CHANGELOG to. For example,
Create a new directory in [`source/`][source] named after the ISO 639-1 code
for the language you wish to translate Keep a Changelog to. For example,
assuming you want to translate to French Canadian:
- create the `source/fr-CA` directory.
- duplicate the `source/en-US/index.html.haml` file in `source/fr-CA`.
- edit `source/fr-CA/index.html.haml` until your translation is ready.
- duplicate the `source/en/1.0.0/index.html.haml` file in `source/fr-CA`.
- edit `source/fr-CA/1.0.0/index.html.haml` until your translation is ready.
- commit your changes to your own [fork][fork]
- submit a [Pull Request][pull-request] with your changes
It may take some time to review your submitted Pull Request. Try to involve a
It may take some time to review your submitted Pull Request. Try to involve a
few native speakers of the language you're translating to in the Pull Request
comments. They'll help review your translation for simple mistakes and give us
comments. They'll help review your translation for simple mistakes and give us
a better idea of whether your translation is accurate.
Thank you for your help improving software one changelog at a time!
[CHANGELOG]: ./CHANGELOG.md
[LICENSE]: ./LICENSE
[rbenv]: https://github.com/rbenv/rbenv
[ruby-version]: .ruby-version
[source]: source/
[pull-request]: https://help.github.com/articles/creating-a-pull-request/
[fork]: https://help.github.com/articles/fork-a-repo/
[version-badge]: https://img.shields.io/badge/version-1.0.0-blue.svg
[license-badge]: https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-blue.svg

145
config.rb
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@ -3,21 +3,83 @@
# --------------------------------------
# ----- Site ----- #
$last_version = "0.3.0"
# Last version should be the latest English version since the manifesto is first
# written in English, then translated into other languages later.
$versions = (Dir.entries("source/en") - %w[. ..])
$last_version = $versions.last
$previous_version = $versions[$versions.index($last_version) - 1]
# This list of languages populates the language navigation.
issues_url = 'https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/issues'
$languages = {
"cs" => "Čeština",
"de" => "Deutsch",
"en" => "English",
"es-ES" => "Español",
"fr" => "Français",
"it-IT" => "Italiano",
"pt-BR" => "Brazilian Portugese",
"ru" => "Pyccкий",
"sl" => "Slovenščina",
"sv" => "Svenska",
"tr-TR" => "Türkçe",
"zh-CN" => "简体中文",
"zh-TW" => " 繁體中文"
"cs" => {
name: "Čeština"
},
"de" => {
name: "Deutsch",
notice: "Die neuste version (#{$last_version}) ist noch nicht auf Deutsch
verfügbar, aber du kannst sie dir <a href='/en/'>auf Englisch durchlesen</a>
und <a href='#{issues_url}'>bei der Übersetzung mithelfen</a>."
},
"en" => {
default: true,
name: "English",
new: "A new version is available"
},
"es-ES" => {
name: "Español",
notice: "La última versión (#{$last_version}) aun no está disponible en
Español, por ahora puedes <a href='/en/'>leerla en Inglés</a> y
<a href='#{issues_url}'>ayudar a traducirla</a>."
},
"fr" => {
name: "Français",
notice: "La dernière version (#{$last_version}) n'est pas encore disponible
en français, mais vous pouvez la <a href='/en/'>lire en anglais</a> pour
l'instant et <a href='#{issues_url}'>aider à la traduire</a>.",
new: "Une nouvelle version est disponible"
},
"it-IT" => {
name: "Italiano",
notice: "L'ultima versione (#{$last_version}) non è ancora disponibile in
Italiano, ma la potete <a href='/en/'>leggere in Inglese</a> per ora e
potete <a href='#{issues_url}'>contribuire a tradurla</a>."
},
"pl-PL" => {
name: "Polskie"
},
"pt-BR" => {
name: "Brazilian Portugese",
notice: "A última versão (#{$last_version}) ainda não está disponível em
Português mas nesse momento você pode <a href='/en/'>-la em inglês</a> e
<a href='#{issues_url}'>ajudar em sua tradução</a>."
},
"ru" => {
name: "Pyccкий",
notice: "Самая последняя версия (#{$last_version}) ещё пока не переведена на
русский, но вы можете <a href='/en/'>прочитать её на английском</a> и <a
href='#{issues_url}'>помочь с переводом</a>."
},
"sl" => {
name: "Slovenščina"
},
"sv" => {
name: "Svenska",
notice: "Den senaste versionen (#{$last_version}) är ännu inte tillgänglig på Svenska,
men du kan <a href='/en/'>läsa det engelska</a> och även <a
href='#{issues_url}'>hjälpa till att översätta det</a>."
},
"tr-TR" => {
name: "Türkçe"
},
"zh-CN" => {
name: "简体中文",
notice: "最新版 (#{$last_version}) 暂时还没有翻译到简体中文,您可以阅读最新的英语版,并且帮助翻译,不胜感激。"
},
"zh-TW" => {
name: "繁體中文",
notice: "最新版 (#{$last_version}) 暫時還沒有翻譯到繁體中文,您可以閱讀最新的英語版,並且幫助翻譯,不勝感激。"
}
}
activate :i18n,
@ -31,8 +93,9 @@ set :site_url, 'http://keepachangelog.com'
redirect "index.html", to: "en/#{$last_version}/index.html"
$languages.each do |language|
language_param = language.last.parameterize
redirect "#{language.first}/index.html", to: "#{language.first}/#{$last_version}/index.html"
code = language.first
versions = Dir.entries("source/#{code}") - %w[. ..]
redirect "#{code}/index.html", to: "#{code}/#{versions.last}/index.html"
end
# ----- Assets ----- #
@ -50,12 +113,38 @@ activate :automatic_image_sizes
activate :syntax
set :markdown_engine, :redcarpet
set :markdown, {
## Override default Redcarpet renderer in order to define a class
class CustomMarkdownRenderer < Redcarpet::Render::HTML
def doc_header
%Q[<nav role="navigation" class="toc">#{@header}</nav>]
end
def header(text, header_level)
slug = text.parameterize
tag_name = "h#{header_level}"
anchor_link = "<a id='#{slug}' class='anchor' href='##{slug}' aria-hidden='true'></a>"
header_tag_open = "<#{tag_name} id='#{slug}'>"
output = ""
output << header_tag_open
output << anchor_link
output << text
output << "</#{tag_name}>"
output
end
end
$markdown_config = {
fenced_code_blocks: true,
footnotes: true,
smartypants: true,
tables: true
tables: true,
with_toc_data: true,
renderer: CustomMarkdownRenderer
}
set :markdown, $markdown_config
# --------------------------------------
# Helpers
@ -112,3 +201,23 @@ activate :autoprefixer do |config|
config.browsers = ['last 2 versions', 'Explorer >= 10']
config.cascade = false
end
# Haml doesn't pick up on Markdown configuration so we have to remove the
# default Markdown Haml filter and reconfigure one that follows our
# global configuration.
module Haml::Filters
remove_filter("Markdown") #remove the existing Markdown filter
module Markdown
include Haml::Filters::Base
def renderer
$markdown_config[:renderer]
end
def render(text)
Redcarpet::Markdown.new(renderer.new($markdown_config)).render(text)
end
end
end

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redirect "/", to: "/0.3.0/"

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@ -1 +1,34 @@
//= require_tree .
document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(){
var select = document.querySelector('.locales select');
select.addEventListener('change', function(event){
origin = window.location.origin;
languageCode = event.currentTarget.selectedOptions[0].value
window.location.replace(origin + "/" + languageCode)
});
var faqHeaders = document.querySelectorAll('.frequently-asked-questions h4');
for (var i = 0; i < faqHeaders.length; ++i) {
header = faqHeaders[i]
header.addEventListener('click', toggleVisibility);
}
function toggleVisibility(event) {
element = event.target;
element.classList.toggle('is-visible')
lastParagraph = element.nextElementSibling;
paragraphs = [];
paragraphs.push(lastParagraph);
while (lastParagraph.nextElementSibling.tagName == "P") {
lastParagraph = lastParagraph.nextElementSibling;
paragraphs.push(lastParagraph)
}
for (var i = 0; i < paragraphs.length; ++i) {
paragraph = paragraphs[i]
paragraph.classList.toggle('is-visible');
}
}
});

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@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
.anchor
display: none
font-style: normal
font-weight: normal
position: absolute
right: 100%
top: 0
.anchor::before
line-height: 3.2
content: ""
color: $color-ocre
padding-right: 0.1em
.anchor:hover
a
text-decoration: none

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@ -1,123 +1,99 @@
$base-font-family: "Carrois Gothic", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif
$base-font-family: 'Muli', "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif
$source-code-font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace
$color-black: #342828
$color-white: #FFFFFF
$color-ocre: #E05735
$color-gold: #faa930
$color-bark: #3F2B2D
$color-sand: #FEECD3
$color-light-sand: lighten($color-sand, 10%)
@import "layout"
@import "anchors"
@import "sections"
html
font: 14px/1.4 $base-font-family
color: #333
font: 16px/1.4 $base-font-family
color: #342828
background-color: $color-sand
a
color: #E10FCE
font-weight: bold
color: $color-ocre
text-decoration: none
a:hover
text-decoration: underline
h1
color: #C647BF
font-size: 4.1em
color: $color-ocre
font-size: 3.2em
font-weight: bold
font-family: $source-code-font-family
font-family: $base-font-family
margin-bottom: 0
line-height: 1
word-spacing: -0.3em
text-transform: lowercase
width: 50%
h2
margin-top: 0
font-size: 1.2em
margin-top: 0.2em
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@ -13,26 +13,25 @@ version: 0.3.0
Version **#{current_page.metadata[:page][:version]}**
### Co je to changelog?
Changelog je soubor, který obsahuje organizovaný, chronologicky seřazený
seznam podstatných změn pro každou verzi daného projektu.
Changelog je soubor, který obsahuje organizovaný, chronologicky seřazený
seznam podstatných změn pro každou verzi daného projektu.
%pre.changelog= File.read("CHANGELOG.md")
<pre class="changelog">#{File.read("CHANGELOG.md")}</pre>
:markdown
### Co je smyslem changelogu?
Usnadnit uživatelům a přispěvatelům přesné zobrazení podstatných změn, které
byly provedeny mezi jednotlivými vydáními (verzemi) daného projektu.
Usnadnit uživatelům a přispěvatelům přesné zobrazení podstatných změn, které
byly provedeny mezi jednotlivými vydáními (verzemi) daného projektu.
### Proč by mi na tom mělo záležet?
Protože softwarové nástroje jsou pro lidi. Pokud ti na tom nezáleží, tak proč
přispíváš do open source projektů? Určitě musí být v tvém úžasném malém mozku
přispíváš do open source projektů? Určitě musí být v tvém úžasném malém mozku
alespoň jádro (haha!) ochoty.
[Bavil jsem se s Adamem Stacoviakem a Jerodem Santem na podcastu The Changelog][thechangelog]
(název sedí, co?) o tom proč by na tom mělo vedoucím a přispěvatelům projektů
záležet a o tom jaká motivace je za tímto projektem. Jestli máš chvilku času
(1:06), stojí to za poslech.
(název sedí, co?) o tom proč by na tom mělo vedoucím a přispěvatelům projektů
záležet a o tom jaká motivace je za tímto projektem. Jestli máš chvilku času
(1:06), stojí to za poslech.
### Co dělá changelog dobrým?
Výborná otázka, díky za ni.
@ -52,12 +51,12 @@ version: 0.3.0
- `Deprecated` pro dříve stabilní funkce, které budou odstraněny v novějších vydáních a nejsou podporovány.
- `Removed` pro funkce odstraněné v daném vydání.
- `Fixed` pro opravené chyby.
- `Security` pro navržení aktualizace uživatelům v případě bezpečnostních problémů.
- `Security` pro navržení aktualizace uživatelům v případě bezpečnostních problémů.
### Jak mohu vyžadovanou snahu snížit na minimum?
Vždycky měj nahoře sekci `"Unreleased"`, ve které budou schromažďovány všechny
změny.
Vždycky měj nahoře sekci `"Unreleased"`, ve které budou schromažďovány všechny
změny.
To plní hned dva účely:
@ -66,103 +65,103 @@ version: 0.3.0
### Co zaručeně rozbrečí jednorožce?
Dobrá… Tak si to povíme.
- **Zkopírování diffu commit logů.** To prostě nedělej, nikomu to nepomůže.
- **Nezdůraznění dále nepodporovaných funcí.** Když lidé aktualizují na novou verzi, mělo by jim být bolestivě jasné, že se něco rozbije.
- **Data v regionálních formátech.** V USA píšou lidé nejdříve měsíc ("06-02-2012" pro 2. června 2012, což nedává *vůbec žádný* smysl), zatímco mnoho lidí ve zbytku světa píše roboticky vypadající verzi "2 June 2012", ale vyslovují to jinak. "2012-06-02" je logicky napsané od největšího po nejmenší celek, nepřekrývá se nesrozumitelně s jinými fomáty data a je to [ISO standard](http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/iso8601.htm). Proto je to doporučovaný formát dat pro changelogy.
To ale není všechno. Pomoz mi sbírat jednorožčí slzy tím že
- **Data v regionálních formátech.** V USA píšou lidé nejdříve měsíc ("06-02-2012" pro 2. června 2012, což nedává *vůbec žádný* smysl), zatímco mnoho lidí ve zbytku světa píše roboticky vypadající verzi "2 June 2012", ale vyslovují to jinak. "2012-06-02" je logicky napsané od největšího po nejmenší celek, nepřekrývá se nesrozumitelně s jinými fomáty data a je to [ISO standard](http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/iso8601.htm). Proto je to doporučovaný formát dat pro changelogy.
To ale není všechno. Pomoz mi sbírat jednorožčí slzy tím že
[otevřeš issue][issues] nebo pull request.
### Existuje pro formát changelogů nějaký standard?
Bohužel ne. Klid. Vím, že se zuřivě snažíš najít ten odkaz na GNU návod jakým
stylem psát changelog, nebo onen dvouodstavcový GNU NEWS soubor, který si říká
Bohužel ne. Klid. Vím, že se zuřivě snažíš najít ten odkaz na GNU návod jakým
stylem psát changelog, nebo onen dvouodstavcový GNU NEWS soubor, který si říká
"směrnice". Zmíněný GNU návod je sice hezký začátek, ale je smutně naivní. Být
naivní není nic špatného, ale když lidé potřebují radu, málokdy to někomu
naivní není nic špatného, ale když lidé potřebují radu, málokdy to někomu
pomůže. Obzvlášť, když existuje tolik situací a okrajových případů, se kterými
se musí člověk nějak poprat.
Tento projekt
se musí člověk nějak poprat.
Tento projekt
[obsahuje něco, co se doufám jednou stane lepší konvencí pro CHANGELOGy][CHANGELOG].
Nemyslím si, že je momentální stav dostatečně dobrý, a jsem toho názoru, že
jsme jako komunita schopni vymyslet lepší konvence, pokud se budeme snažit
vybrat ty nejlepší praktiky z doopravdových softwarových projektů.
Porozhlédněte se a mějte na paměti, že
Nemyslím si, že je momentální stav dostatečně dobrý, a jsem toho názoru, že
jsme jako komunita schopni vymyslet lepší konvence, pokud se budeme snažit
vybrat ty nejlepší praktiky z doopravdových softwarových projektů.
Porozhlédněte se a mějte na paměti, že
[diskuse a návrhy na zlepšení jsou vítány][issues]!
### Jak by se měl changelog jmenovat?
Inu, pokud jste to už nepoznali z příkladu výše, `CHANGELOG.md` je zatím ta
nejlepší konvence.
Některé projekty používají `HISTORY.txt`, `HISTORY.md`, `History.md`,
`NEWS.txt`, `NEWS.md`, `News.txt`, `RELEASES.txt`, `RELEASE.md`,
Inu, pokud jste to už nepoznali z příkladu výše, `CHANGELOG.md` je zatím ta
nejlepší konvence.
Některé projekty používají `HISTORY.txt`, `HISTORY.md`, `History.md`,
`NEWS.txt`, `NEWS.md`, `News.txt`, `RELEASES.txt`, `RELEASE.md`,
`releases.md`, apod.
Je v tom binec. Všecha tato jména jen komplikují život lidem, kteří se ten
dokument snaží najít.
### Proč lidé jednoduše nepoužívají `git log` diff?
Protože diffy logů jsou plné šumu — přirozeně. Nebyly by vyhovujícím
changelogem ani v hypotetickém projektu vedeném dokonalými lidmi, kteří nikdy
nedělají překlepy, nikdy nezapomínají commitnout nové soubory a nikdy jim
neunikne ani ta nejmenší část refactoringu. Cílem commitu je dokumentovat
jeden miniaturní krok při procesu, ve kterém se kód vyvíjí z jedné podoby do
druhé. Cílem changelogu je dokumentovat podstatné změny mezi těmito podobami.
Stějně jako je rozdíl mezi dobrými komentáři a samotným kódem, je také rozdíl
mezi changelogem a commitlogem: jeden říká *proč* a druhý jak.
### Mohou být changelogy automaticky parsované?
Je to složité, jelikož se lidé uchylují k nejrůznějším formátům a názvům
souborů.
Je v tom binec. Všecha tato jména jen komplikují život lidem, kteří se ten
dokument snaží najít.
[Vandamme][vandamme] je Ruby gem vytvořený týmem [Gemnasium][gemnasium], který
### Proč lidé jednoduše nepoužívají `git log` diff?
Protože diffy logů jsou plné šumu — přirozeně. Nebyly by vyhovujícím
changelogem ani v hypotetickém projektu vedeném dokonalými lidmi, kteří nikdy
nedělají překlepy, nikdy nezapomínají commitnout nové soubory a nikdy jim
neunikne ani ta nejmenší část refactoringu. Cílem commitu je dokumentovat
jeden miniaturní krok při procesu, ve kterém se kód vyvíjí z jedné podoby do
druhé. Cílem changelogu je dokumentovat podstatné změny mezi těmito podobami.
Stějně jako je rozdíl mezi dobrými komentáři a samotným kódem, je také rozdíl
mezi changelogem a commitlogem: jeden říká *proč* a druhý jak.
### Mohou být changelogy automaticky parsované?
Je to složité, jelikož se lidé uchylují k nejrůznějším formátům a názvům
souborů.
[Vandamme][vandamme] je Ruby gem vytvořený týmem [Gemnasium][gemnasium], který
parsuje mnoho (ale ne všechny) changelogů open source projektů.
### Proč používáš jednou "CHANGELOG" a jindy "changelog"?
"CHANGELOG" je název samotného souboru. Je to třichu křiklavé, ale to už je
historická konvence, kterou se řídí mnoho open source projektů. Příklady
podobných souborů mohou být [`README`][README], [`LICENSE`][LICENSE] a
"CHANGELOG" je název samotného souboru. Je to třichu křiklavé, ale to už je
historická konvence, kterou se řídí mnoho open source projektů. Příklady
podobných souborů mohou být [`README`][README], [`LICENSE`][LICENSE] a
[`CONTRIBUTING`][CONTRIBUTING].
Název psaný kapitálkami (díky kterému se ve starých operačních systémech
soubory držely na nejvyšších pozicích) je používán za účelem upoutání
pozornosti. Vzhledem k tomu, že se jedná o důležitá metadata o projektu a
mohla by být užitečná pro kohokoliv, kdo ho chce používat nebo do něho
soubory držely na nejvyšších pozicích) je používán za účelem upoutání
pozornosti. Vzhledem k tomu, že se jedná o důležitá metadata o projektu a
mohla by být užitečná pro kohokoliv, kdo ho chce používat nebo do něho
přispívat, podobně [open source projektovým odznakům][shields].
Když mluvím o "changelogu", myslím tím funkci tohoto souboru: logování změn.
Když mluvím o "changelogu", myslím tím funkci tohoto souboru: logování změn.
### Jak potom vypadají ta vydání, která byla zpětně stažena?
Zpětně stažená vydání jsou verze, které musely být zpětně odebrány kvůli vážné
chybě nebo bezpečnostním rizikům. Tyto verze se často v changelogu ani
Zpětně stažená vydání jsou verze, které musely být zpětně odebrány kvůli vážné
chybě nebo bezpečnostním rizikům. Tyto verze se často v changelogu ani
neobjevují, ale měly by. Zobrazovat by se měli takto:
`## 0.0.5 - 2014-12-13 [YANKED]`
Tag `[YANKED]` je naschvál křiklavý. Je důležité, aby si ho lidé všimli. Díky
Tag `[YANKED]` je naschvál křiklavý. Je důležité, aby si ho lidé všimli. Díky
tomu, že je v hranatých závorkách je take jednoduší ho parsovat programem.
### Měl by se někdy changelog přepisovat?
Jasně. Vždy se najde dobrý důvod pro zlepšení changelogu. Sám často otevírám
pull requesty pro přidání chybějících vydání v open source projektech s
Jasně. Vždy se najde dobrý důvod pro zlepšení changelogu. Sám často otevírám
pull requesty pro přidání chybějících vydání v open source projektech s
neudržovanými changelogy.
Je také možné, že zjistíš, že v poznámkách k verzi ve tvém projektu není
zmíněna změna, která něco mohla rozbít. V tom případě jě samozřejmě důležité,
aby byl changelog aktualizován.
Je také možné, že zjistíš, že v poznámkách k verzi ve tvém projektu není
zmíněna změna, která něco mohla rozbít. V tom případě jě samozřejmě důležité,
aby byl changelog aktualizován.
### Jak mohu přidat ruku k dílu?
Tento dokument není čistá **pravda**; je to můj názor, nad kterým jsem opatrně
uvažoval, v kombinaci s informacemi a příklady, které se mi podařilo získat.
I přesto, že uvádím vlastní [CHANGELOG][] v [repozitáři na GitHubu][gh],
uvažoval, v kombinaci s informacemi a příklady, které se mi podařilo získat.
I přesto, že uvádím vlastní [CHANGELOG][] v [repozitáři na GitHubu][gh],
naschvál jsem nevytvořil náležité *vydání* nebo jasný seznam pravidel, kterými
se někdo má řídit (jako to například udělali na [SemVer.org][semver]).
Je tomu tak proto, že chci aby komunita došla ke společné shodě. Já sám jsem
toho názoru, že diskuse je důležitou součástí finálního výsledku.
Takže prosím [**přispějte**][gh] svou trochou do mlýna.
Je tomu tak proto, že chci aby komunita došla ke společné shodě. Já sám jsem
toho názoru, že diskuse je důležitou součástí finálního výsledku.
Takže prosím [**přispějte**][gh] svou trochou do mlýna.
[CHANGELOG]: https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md
[CONTRIBUTING]: https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md

View File

@ -17,9 +17,8 @@ version: 0.3.0
Liste aller erheblichen Änderungen enthält, die zwischen Veröffentlichungen (oder Versionen)
des Projekts umgesetzt wurden.
%pre.changelog= File.read("CHANGELOG.md")
<pre class="changelog">#{File.read("CHANGELOG.md")}</pre>
:markdown
### Was ist der Zweck eines Changelogs?
Es Benutzern und Entwicklern einfacher zu machen, gerade die beachtenswerten Änderungen, welche
zwischen Veröffentlichungen (oder Versionen) des Projekts gemacht wurden, zu sehen.

View File

@ -16,9 +16,8 @@ version: 0.3.0
A change log is a file which contains a curated, chronologically ordered
list of notable changes for each version of a project.
%pre.changelog= File.read("CHANGELOG.md")
<pre class="changelog">#{File.read("CHANGELOG.md")}</pre>
:markdown
### Whats the point of a change log?
To make it easier for users and contributors to see precisely what
notable changes have been made between each release (or version) of the project.

View File

@ -0,0 +1,311 @@
---
description: Keep a Changelog
title: Keep a Changelog
language: en
version: 1.0.0
---
- changelog = "https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md"
- gemnasium = "https://gemnasium.com/"
- gh = "https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog"
- issues = "https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/issues"
- semver = "http://semver.org/"
- shields = "http://shields.io/"
- thechangelog = "http://5by5.tv/changelog/127"
- vandamme = "https://github.com/tech-angels/vandamme/"
- iso = "http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/iso8601.htm"
- ghr = "https://help.github.com/articles/creating-releases/"
.header
.title
%h1 Keep a Changelog
%h2 Dont let your friends dump git logs into changelogs.
= link_to changelog do
Version
%strong= current_page.metadata[:page][:version]
%pre.changelog= File.read("CHANGELOG.md")
.answers
%h3#what
%a.anchor{ href: "#what", aria_hidden: "true" }
What is a changelog?
%p
A changelog is a file which contains a curated, chronologically
ordered list of notable changes for each version of a project.
%h3#why
%a.anchor{ href: "#why", aria_hidden: "true" }
Why keep a changelog?
%p
To make it easier for users and contributors to see precisely what
notable changes have been made between each release (or version) of
the project.
%h3#who
%a.anchor{ href: "#who", aria_hidden: "true" }
Who needs a changelog?
%p
People do. Whether consumers or developers, the end users of
software are human beings who care about what's in the sofware. When
the software changes, people want to know why and how.
.good-practices
%h3#how
%a.anchor{ href: "#how", aria_hidden: "true" }
How do I make a good changelog?
%h4#principles
%a.anchor{ href: "#principles", aria_hidden: "true" }
Guiding Principles
%ul
%li
Changelogs are <em>for humans</em>, not machines.
%li
There should be an entry for every single version.
%li
The same types of changes should be grouped.
%li
Versions and sections should be linkable.
%li
The latest version comes first.
%li
The release date of each versions is displayed.
%li
Mention whether you follow #{link_to "Semantic Versioning", semver}.
%a.anchor{ href: "#types", aria_hidden: "true" }
%h4#types Types of changes
%ul
%li
%code Added
for new features.
%li
%code Changed
for changes in existing functionality.
%li
%code Deprecated
for soon-to-be removed features.
%li
%code Removed
for now removed features.
%li
%code Fixed
for any bug fixes.
%li
%code Security
in case of vulnerabilities.
.effort
%h3#effort
%a.anchor{ href: "#effort", aria_hidden: "true" }
How can I reduce the effort required to maintain a changelog?
%p
Keep an <code>Unreleased</code> section at the top to track upcoming
changes.
%p This serves two purposes:
%ul
%li
People can see what changes they might expect in upcoming releases
%li
At release time, you can move the <code>Unreleased</code> section
changes into a new release version section.
.bad-practices
%h3#bad-practices
%a.anchor{ href: "#bad-practices", aria_hidden: "true" }
Can changelogs be bad?
%p Yes. Here are a few ways they can be less than useful.
%h4#log-diffs
%a.anchor{ href: "#log-diffs", aria_hidden: "true" }
Commit log diffs
%p
Using commit log diffs as changelogs is a bad idea: they're full of
noise. Things like merge commits, commits with obscure titles,
documentation changes, etc.
%p
The purpose of a commit is to document a step in the evolution of
the source code. Some projects clean up commits, some don't.
%p
The purpose of a changelog entry is to document the noteworthy
difference, often across multiple commits, to communicate them
clearly to end users.
%h4#ignoring-deprecations
%a.anchor{ href: "#ignoring-deprecations", aria_hidden: "true" }
Ignoring Deprecations
%p
When people upgrade from one version to another, it should be
painfully clear when something will break. It should be possible to
upgrade to a version that lists deprecations, remove what's
deprecated, then upgrade to the version where the deprecations
become removals.
%p
If you do nothing else, list deprecations, removals, and any
breaking changes in your changelog.
%h4#confusing-dates
%a.anchor{ href: "#confusing-dates", aria_hidden: "true" }
Confusing Dates
%p
In the U.S., people put the month first (<code>06-02-2012</code> for
June 2nd, 2012), while many people in the rest of the world write a
robotic-looking <code>2 June 2012</code>, yet pronounce it
differently. <code>2012-06-02</code> works logically from largest to
smallest, doesn't overlap in ambiguous ways with other date formats,
and is an #{link_to "ISO standard", iso}. Thus, it is the
recommended date format for changelogs.
%aside
Theres more. Help me collect these antipatterns by
= link_to "opening an issue", "#issues"
or a pull request.
.frequently-asked-questions
%h3#frequently-asked-questions
%a.anchor{ href: "#frequently-asked-questions", aria_hidden: "true" }
Frequently Asked Questions
%h4#standard
%a.anchor{ href: "#standard", aria_hidden: "true" }
Is there a standard changelog format?
%p
Not really. There's the GNU changelog style guide, or the two-
paragraph-long GNU NEWS file "guideline". Both are inadequate or
insufficient.
%p
This project aims to be
= link_to "a better changelog convention.", changelog
It comes from observing good practices in the open source
community and gathering them.
%p
Healthy criticism, discussion and suggestions for improvements
= link_to "are welcome.", issues
%h4#filename
%a.anchor{ href: "#filename", aria_hidden: "true" }
What should the changelog file be named?
%p
Call it <code>CHANGELOG.md</code>. Some projects use
<code>HISTORY</code>, <code>NEWS</code> or <code>RELEASES</code>.
%p
While it's easy to think that the name of your changelog file
doesn't matter that much, why make it harder for your end users to
consistently find notable changes?
%h4#github-releases
%a.anchor{ href: "#github-releases", aria_hidden: "true" }
What about GitHub Releases?
%p
It's a great initiative. #{link_to "Releases", ghr} can be used to
turn simple git tags (for example a tag named <code>v1.0.0</code>)
into rich release notes by manually adding release notes or it can
pull annotated git tag messages and turn them into notes.
%p
GitHub Releases create a non-portable changelog that can only be
displayed to users within the context of GitHub. It's possible to
make them look very much like the Keep a Changelog format, but it
tends to be a bit more involved.
%p
The current version of GitHub releases is also arguably not very
discoverable by end-users, unlike the typical uppercase files
(<code>README</code>, <code>CONTRIBUTING</code>, etc.). Another
minor issue is that the interface doesn't currently offer links to
commit logs between each release.
%h4#automatic
%a.anchor{ href: "#automatic", aria_hidden: "true" }
Can changelogs be automatically parsed?
%p
Its difficult, because people follow wildly different formats and
file names.
%p
#{link_to "Vandamme", vandamme} is a Ruby gem created by the
#{link_to "Gemnasium", gemnasium} team and which parses many (but
not all) open source project changelogs.
%h4#yanked
%a.anchor{ href: "#yanked", aria_hidden: "true" }
What about yanked releases?
%p
Yanked releases are versions that had to be pulled because of a
serious bug or security issue. Often these versions don't even
appear in change logs. They should. This is how you should display
them:
%p <code>## 0.0.5 - 2014-12-13 [YANKED]</code>
%p
The <code>[YANKED]</code> tag is loud for a reason. It's important
for people to notice it. Since it's surrounded by brackets it's also
easier to parse programmatically.
%h4#rewrite
%a.anchor{ href: "#rewrite", aria_hidden: "true" }
Should you ever rewrite a changelog?
%p
Sure. There are always good reasons to improve a changelog. I
regularly open pull requests to add missing releases to open source
projects with unmaintained changelogs.
%p
It's also possible you may discover that you forgot to address a
breaking change in the notes for a version. It's obviously important
for you to update your changelog in this case.
%h4#contribute
%a.anchor{ href: "#contribute", aria_hidden: "true" }
How can I contribute?
%p
This document is not the <strong>truth</strong>; its my carefully
considered opinion, along with information and examples I gathered.
%p
This is because I want our community to reach a consensus. I believe
the discussion is as important as the end result.
%p
So please <strong>#{link_to "pitch in", gh}</strong>.
.press
%h3 Conversations
%p
I went on #{link_to "The Changelog podcast", thechangelog}
to talk about why maintainers and contributors should care about changelogs,
and also about the motivations behind this project.

View File

@ -16,9 +16,8 @@ version: 0.3.0
Un registro de cambios o “change log” de ahora en adelante, es un archivo que contiene una lista en orden cronológico sobre los cambios que vamos haciendo en cada reléase (o versión) de nuestro proyecto.
%pre.changelog= File.read("CHANGELOG.md")
<pre class="changelog">#{File.read("CHANGELOG.md")}</pre>
:markdown
### Cuál es el propósito del change log?
Para que les sea más fácil a los usuarios y contribuyentes, ver exactamente los cambios notables que se han hecho entre cada versión (o versiones) del proyecto.

View File

@ -17,9 +17,8 @@ version: 0.3.0
une liste triée chronologiquement des changements notables pour chaque
version dun projet
%pre.changelog= File.read("CHANGELOG.md")
<pre class="changelog">#{File.read("CHANGELOG.md")}</pre>
:markdown
### Quel est lintérêt dun change log ?
Il permet aux utilisateurs et aux contributeurs de voir plus simplement
les changements notables qui ont été réalisés entre chaque publication
@ -181,7 +180,7 @@ version: 0.3.0
J'ouvre souvent des pull requests pour ajouter des publications manquantes sur
des projets open source avec des change logs non-maintenus.
Il est aussi possible que vous découvriez que vous aviez oublié de mentionner
Il est aussi possible que vous découvriez que vous aviez oublié de mentionner
un changement majeur dans les notes de version. Il est évidemment important
que vous mettiez votre change log à jour dans ce cas.

View File

@ -0,0 +1,317 @@
---
description: Tenez un Changelog
title: Tenez un Changelog
language: fr
version: 1.0.0
---
- changelog = "https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md"
- gemnasium = "https://gemnasium.com/"
- gh = "https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog"
- issues = "https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/issues"
- semver = "http://semver.org/"
- shields = "http://shields.io/"
- thechangelog = "http://5by5.tv/changelog/127"
- vandamme = "https://github.com/tech-angels/vandamme/"
- iso = "http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/iso8601.htm"
- ghr = "https://help.github.com/articles/creating-releases/"
.header
.title
%h1 Tenez un Changelog
%h2 Ne laissez pas vos amis utiliser les logs git comme changelogs
= link_to changelog do
Version
%strong= current_page.metadata[:page][:version]
%pre.changelog= File.read("CHANGELOG.md")
.answers
%h3#what
%a.anchor{ href: "#what", aria_hidden: "true" }
Qu'est-ce qu'un changelog ?
%p
Un changelog (journal de modifications) est un fichier qui contient
une liste triée chronologiquement des changements notables pour
chaque version dun projet
%h3#why
%a.anchor{ href: "#why", aria_hidden: "true" }
Pourquoi tenir un changelog ?
%p
Pour permettre aux utilisateurs et contributeurs de voir précisement
quel changements notables ont été faits entre chaque publication
(ou version) d'un projet.
%h3#who
%a.anchor{ href: "#who", aria_hidden: "true" }
Qui a besoin d'un changelog ?
%p
Tout le monde. Qu'ils soient consomateurs ou developeurs, les
utilisateurs de logiciels sont des êtres humains qui se soucient
de connaître le contenu des logiciels qu'ils utilisent. Quand un
logiciel change, ces même personnes veulent savoir comment et pourquoi.
.good-practices
%h3#how
%a.anchor{ href: "#how", aria_hidden: "true" }
Comment créer un bon changelog ?
%h4#principles
%a.anchor{ href: "#principles", aria_hidden: "true" }
Principes Directeurs
%ul
%li
Les changelogs sont <em>pour les êtres humains</em>, pas les machines.
%li
Il doit il y avoir une section pour chaque version.
%li
Les changements similaires doivent être groupés.
%li
Les versions et sections doivent être liables.
%li
La version la plus récente se situe en haut du fichier.
%li
La date de publication de chaque version est indiquée.
%li
Indiquer si le projet respecte le #{link_to "Versionnage Sémantique", semver}.
%a.anchor{ href: "#types", aria_hidden: "true" }
%h4#types Types de changements
%ul
%li
%code Added
pour les nouvelles fonctionnalités.
%li
%code Changed
pour les changements aux fonctionnalités préexistantes.
%li
%code Deprecated
pour les fonctionnalités qui seront bientôt supprimées.
%li
%code Removed
pour les fonctionnalités désormais supprimées.
%li
%code Fixed
pour les corrections de bugs.
%li
%code Security
en cas de vulnerabilités.
.effort
%h3#effort
%a.anchor{ href: "#effort", aria_hidden: "true" }
Comment puis-je minimiser le travail nécessaire pour maintenir un changelog ?
%p
Gardez une section <code>Unreleased</code> en haut du fichier afin de lister
tous les changements qui n'ont pas encore été publiés.
%p Cela rempli deux objectifs:
%ul
%li
Les gens peuvent voir les changements auxquels ils peuvent sattendrent
dans les prochaines publications.
%li
Au moment de la publication, vous pouvez déplacer les changements listés
dans la section <code>Unreleased</code> dans la section d'une nouvelle
version.
.bad-practices
%h3#bad-practices
%a.anchor{ href: "#bad-practices", aria_hidden: "true" }
Est-ce que les changelogs peuvent être mauvais ?
%p Oui. Voici quelques exemples de changelogs plutôt inutiles.
%h4#log-diffs
%a.anchor{ href: "#log-diffs", aria_hidden: "true" }
Diffs de journaux git
%p
Utiliser des diffs de journaux git en tant que changelogs est une mauvaise
idée: ils sont remplis de bruit. Les journaux git sont remplis de choses
comme des commits de merge, des commits avec des titres obscures, des
changements concernant la documentation, etc.
%p
Le but d'un commit est de documenter une étape dans l'évolution du code
source. Certains projets nettoient leurs commits, d'autres non.
%p
Le but d'une section de changelog est de documenter la difference notable
entre deux versions, souvent à travers de multiples commits, afin de la
communiquer clairement aux utilisateurs.
%h4#ignoring-deprecations
%a.anchor{ href: "#ignoring-deprecations", aria_hidden: "true" }
Ignorer les dépréciations
%p
Lorsque l'on passe d'une version d'un logiciel à une autre, il devrait être
très clair si quelque chose peut ne pas fonctionner. Il devrait être
possible de mettre à jour vers un version qui offre une liste des
fonctionnalités dépréciées, de retirer ce qui est déprécié, puis de mettre
à jour vers la version où les dépréciations deviennent des suppressions de
fonctionnalités.
%p
Si vous ne faites rien d'autre, listez les dépréciations, les supressions de
fonctionnalités, et tous les changements non rétrocompatibles dans votre
changelog.
%h4#confusing-dates
%a.anchor{ href: "#confusing-dates", aria_hidden: "true" }
Dates confuses
%p
Aux États-Unis, les gens mettent le mois en premier (<code>06-02-2012</code>
pour le 2 Juin 2012), tandis que beaucoup de gens dans le reste du monde
lécrivent de la façon robotique suivante "2 Juin 2012", alors quils le
prononcent différement. <code>2012-06-02</code> fonctionne logiquement, du plus grand
au plus petit, ne laisse pas place à la confusion avec un autre format et
est un #{link_to "standard ISO", iso}. C'est pour cela que ce format de date
est recommandé pour les change logs.
%aside
Il y en a dautres. Aidez-moi à collecter ces anti-patrons en
#{link_to "ouvrant une issue", "#issues"} ou une pull request.
.frequently-asked-questions
%h3#frequently-asked-questions
%a.anchor{ href: "#frequently-asked-questions", aria_hidden: "true" }
Questions fréquemment posées
%h4#standard
%a.anchor{ href: "#standard", aria_hidden: "true" }
Y a-t-il un format de changelog standard ?
%p
Pas vraiment. Il y a le guide de style GNU pour les changelogs, ou les
instructions GNU de deux paragraphes pour les fichiers NEWS. Ces deux
resources sont inappropriées et insuffisantes.
%p
Ce projet vise à devenir
= link_to "une meilleure convention pour les changelogs.", changelog
Il a pour origine l'observation et le rassemblement des bonne pratiques dans
la communauté open source.
%p
Les critiques constructives, discussions et suggestions pour améliorer ce
projet #{link_to "sont les bienvenues.", issues}.
%h4#filename
%a.anchor{ href: "#filename", aria_hidden: "true" }
Comment doit-être nommé le fichier de change log ?
%p
Nommez le <code>CHANGELOG.md</code>. Certains projects utilisent
<code>HISTORY</code>, <code>NEWS</code> ou <code>RELEASES</code>.
%p
Même s'il est facile d'imaginer que le nom d'un fichier de changelog n'a
pas grant interêt, pourquoi rendre la tâche difficile que nécessaire pour
les utilisateurs qui cherchent à trouver les changements notables de votre
projet ?
%h4#github-releases
%a.anchor{ href: "#github-releases", aria_hidden: "true" }
Quid de GitHub Releases ?
%p
C'est une excellente initiative. #{link_to "Releases", ghr} peut être
utilisé pour transformer de simples tags git (par exemple un tag nommé
<code>v1.0.0</code>) en notes de publication riches soit en ajoutant
manuellement des notes soit en utilisant les messages de tags gits annotés
et en les transformant en notes.
%p
GitHub Releases crée un changelog non-portable qui n'est visible par les
utilisateurs qu'à l'interieur du context de GitHub. Il est possible de
suivre le même format que Keep a Changelog, mais c'est plus difficile.
%p
La version actuelle de GitHub Releases est également difficile à découvrir
pour les utilisateurs, contrairement aux fichiers en majuscules typiques
(<code>README</code>, <code>CONTRIBUTING</code>, etc.). Un autre soucis
mineur est que l'interface ne permet pas actuellement d'offrir des liens
vers les journaux git entre chaque publication.
%h4#automatic
%a.anchor{ href: "#automatic", aria_hidden: "true" }
Les change logs peuvent-ils être parsés automatiquement ?
%p
C'est difficile, parce que les gens suivent des formats et utilisent des noms
de fichiers très différents.
%p
#{link_to "Vandamme", vandamme} est une Ruby gem créée par l'équipe
#{link_to "Gemnasium", gemnasium} qui parse les change logs de
beaucoup (mais pas tous) de projets open source.
%h4#yanked
%a.anchor{ href: "#yanked", aria_hidden: "true" }
Qu'en est-il des publications "yanked" (retirées) ?
%p
Les publications yanked sont des version qui ont dû être retirées du fait d'un
sérieux bug ou d'un problème de sécurité. Souvent ces version n'apparaissent
même pas dans les changelogs. Elles devraient. Voilà comment les afficher:
%p <code>## 0.0.5 - 2014-12-13 [YANKED]</code>
%p
Le tag <code>[YANKED]</code> n'est pas mis en avant pour rien. Il est
important qu'il soit remarqué. Il est également plus facile à digérer pour
un programme puisqu'il est entouré par des crochets.
%h4#rewrite
%a.anchor{ href: "#rewrite", aria_hidden: "true" }
Devriez-vous réécrire un changelog ?
%p
Bien sûr. Il y a toujours de bonnes raisons d'améliorer un changelog.
J'ouvre souvent des pull requests pour ajouter des publications manquantes sur
des projets open source avec des changelogs non-maintenus.
%p
Il est aussi possible que vous découvriez que vous aviez oublié de mentionner
un changement majeur dans les notes de version. Il est évidemment important
que vous mettiez votre changelog à jour dans ce cas.
%h4#contribute
%a.anchor{ href: "#contribute", aria_hidden: "true" }
Comment puis-je contribuer ?
%p
Ce document n'est pas la **vérité**; c'est mon opinion soigneusement
réfléchie, accompagnée d'informations et d'exemples que j'ai rassemblés.
%p
C'est parce que je veux que notre communauté atteigne un consensus. Je crois
que la discussion est aussi importante que le résultat final.
%p
Donc s'il vous plaît, <strong>#{link_to "participez", gh}</strong>.
.press
%h3 Conversations
%p
J'ai participé au podcast #{link_to "The Changelog", thechangelog}
pour expliquer pourquoi les mainteneurs et contributeurs doivent se
soucier des changelogs et également des motivations derrière ce projet.

View File

@ -13,17 +13,16 @@ language: it-IT
Un change log è un file che contiene una lista curata e ordinata cronologicamente
delle modifiche degne di nota per ogni versione di un progetto.
%pre.changelog= File.read("CHANGELOG.md")
<pre class="changelog">#{File.read("CHANGELOG.md")}</pre>
:markdown
### A cosa serve un change log?
Per rendere facile agli utilizzatori e contribuenti vedere con precisione quali modifiche
Per rendere facile agli utilizzatori e contribuenti vedere con precisione quali modifiche
importanti sono state fatte tra ogni release (o versione) del progetto.
### Perché dovrebbe importarmi?
Perché gli strumenti software sono fatti per le persone.
Se non ti importa, perché contribuisci all'open source?
Di certo ci deve essere un "kernel" (ha!) di interesse
Di certo ci deve essere un "kernel" (ha!) di interesse
da qualche parte in quel tuo amorevole cervello.
[Nel podcast "The Changelog" con Adam Stacoviak e Jerod Santo][thechangelog]
@ -85,9 +84,9 @@ language: it-IT
è raramente d'aiuto. Specialmente se ci sono molte situazioni e casi limite da gestire.
Questo progetto [contiene ciò che spero diventerà una migliore convenzione per i file CHANGELOG][CHANGELOG].
Non credo che lo status quo sia sufficientemente buono, e penso che noi, come comunità,
Non credo che lo status quo sia sufficientemente buono, e penso che noi, come comunità,
possiamo arrivare a convenzioni migliori se tentiamo di estrarre le pratiche migliori
da progetti software reali. Vi consiglio di guardarvi intorno e ricordare che
da progetti software reali. Vi consiglio di guardarvi intorno e ricordare che
[ogni discussione e suggerimento per migliorare sono sempre benvenuti][issues]!
### Come si dovrebbe chiamare il file contenente il change log?
@ -104,7 +103,7 @@ language: it-IT
di digitazione, non dimenticano mai di fare commit dei nuovi file, non dimenticano mai
alcuna parte di un refactoring.
Lo scopo di un commit è di documentare un passo atomico nel processo di evoluzione del codice
da uno stato ad un altro. Lo scopo di un change log è di documentare le differenze
da uno stato ad un altro. Lo scopo di un change log è di documentare le differenze
degne di nota tra questi stati.
La differenza tra un change log e un commit log è
@ -113,18 +112,18 @@ language: it-IT
### Si possono analizzare automaticamente i change log?
È difficile, perché le persone usano formati e nomi di file profondamente diversi.
[Vandamme][vandamme] è una Ruby gem
creata dal team [Gemnasium][gemnasium] ed è in grado di fare il parsing dei
change log di molti (ma non tutti) i progetti open source.
### Perché si alterna tra i nomi "CHANGELOG" e "change log"?
"CHANGELOG" è il nome del file. È un po' invadente ma è una
"CHANGELOG" è il nome del file. È un po' invadente ma è una
convenzione storica seguita da molti progetti open source.
Altri esempi di file simili includono [`README`][README], [`LICENSE`][LICENSE],
e [`CONTRIBUTING`][CONTRIBUTING].
I nomi in maiuscolo (che su vecchi sistemi operativi erano ordinati per primi)
I nomi in maiuscolo (che su vecchi sistemi operativi erano ordinati per primi)
vengono usati per attirare l'attenzione su di essi. Poiché sono metadati
importanti relativi al progetto, possono essere utili per chiunque voglia usarlo
o contribuire ad esso, un po' come i [badge dei progetti open source][shields].
@ -158,7 +157,7 @@ language: it-IT
ho volutamente evitato di creare una *release* o una chiara lista di regole
da seguire (come fa, ad esempio, [SemVer.org][semver]).
Questo è perché voglio che la nostra comunità raggiunga un consenso. Credo che
Questo è perché voglio che la nostra comunità raggiunga un consenso. Credo che
la discussione sia importante almeno quanto il risultato finale.
Quindi per favore [**partecipate**][gh].

View File

@ -1,50 +1,94 @@
// Variables
- latest_version = current_page.metadata[:page][:version] == $last_version
- language_code = current_page.metadata[:page][:language]
- versions = Dir.entries("source/#{language_code}") - %w[. ..]
- current_version = current_page.metadata[:page][:version]
- newer_version_available = File.exists?("source/#{language_code}/#{$last_version}")
!!! 5
%html
%head{lang: current_page.data.language}
%meta{charset: 'utf-8'}
%meta{content: 'IE=edge', 'http-equiv' => 'X-UA-Compatible'}
%meta{name: 'viewport', content: 'width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0'}
%meta{name: 'description', content: current_page.data.description}
%head{ lang: current_page.data.language }
%meta{ charset: 'utf-8' }
%meta{ content: 'IE=edge', 'http-equiv' => 'X-UA-Compatible' }
%meta{ name: 'viewport', content: 'width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0' }
%meta{ name: 'description', content: current_page.data.description }
-# Open Graph
%meta{property: 'og:article:publisher', content: config.publisher_url}
%meta{property: 'og:title', content: current_page.data.title}
%meta{property: 'og:type', content: 'article'}
%meta{property: 'og:url', content: path_to_url(current_page.url)}
%meta{property: 'og:description', content: current_page.data.description}
%meta{ property: 'og:article:publisher', content: config.publisher_url }
%meta{ property: 'og:title', content: current_page.data.title }
%meta{ property: 'og:type', content: 'article' }
%meta{ property: 'og:url', content: path_to_url(current_page.url) }
%meta{ property: 'og:description', content: current_page.data.description }
= yield_content :og
-# Icons
%link{rel: 'canonical', href: path_to_url(current_page.url)}
%link{ rel: 'canonical', href: path_to_url(current_page.url) }
%title= current_page.data.title
= stylesheet_link_tag '//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Carrois+Gothic|Source+Code+Pro:400,700'
= stylesheet_link_tag 'application'
:javascript
try{Typekit.load();}catch(e){}
%link{ rel: "stylesheet", href: "https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Muli:400,700" }
= stylesheet_link_tag '//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Code+Pro:400,700'
- if latest_version
= stylesheet_link_tag 'application'
- else
= stylesheet_link_tag 'legacy'
= javascript_include_tag 'all'
%body
%article
%header{role: "banner"}
%nav.locales{role: "navigation"}
%ul
%header{ role: "banner" }
- if latest_version
= image_tag "keep-a-changelog-mark.svg", width: 100, class: "mark"
%nav.locales{ role: "navigation" }
%select
- $languages.each do |language|
%li= link_to "#{language.last} [#{language.first}]", "/#{language.first}/",
{ rel: "alternate", lang: "#{language}", hreflang: "#{language}" }
- version_exists = File.exists?("source/#{language.first}/#{$last_version}")
- selected = language_code == language.first
- if version_exists
%option{ selected: selected, label: "#{$last_version} #{language.last[:name]}", value: language.first }
- else
- previous_version = File.exists?("source/#{language.first}/#{$previous_version}")
- if previous_version
%option{ selected: selected, label: "#{$previous_version} #{language.last[:name]}", value: language.first }
.main{role: "main"}= yield
.main{ role: "main" }
- if !latest_version
- if versions.include?($last_version)
%p.newer
- if $languages[language_code][:new]
= "#{$languages[language_code][:new]}: "
- else
There is a newer version available:
= link_to "#{$languages[language_code][:name]} #{$last_version}", "/#{language_code}/#{$last_version}"
- else
- if $languages[language_code][:notice]
%p.last-version-notice= $languages[language_code][:notice]
- else
%p.last-version-notice
The latest version (#{$last_version}) is not yet available in
this language but
= link_to "you can read it in English", "/en/#{$last_version}"
for now and
= link_to "help translate ", "https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/issues"
it.
%footer.clearfix{role: "banner"}
%p.license
This project is
#{link_to "MIT Licensed", "http://choosealicense.com/licenses/mit/"}.
%p.about
#{link_to "Typed", "https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/"}
with trepidation by
#{link_to "Olivier Lacan", "http://olivierlacan.com/"}.
= yield
%footer.footer.clearfix{ role: "banner" }
= image_tag "keep-a-changelog-mark.svg", width: 30, class: "mark"
%p.about
This project is
= link_to "MIT Licensed", "http://choosealicense.com/licenses/mit/"
\ //
= link_to "Created & maintained", "https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/"
by
= link_to "Olivier Lacan", "http://olivierlacan.com/"
\ //
Designed by
= link_to "Tyler Fortune", "http://tylerfortune.me/"
- unless config.gauges_id.blank?
:javascript

View File

@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
---
description: Prowadź Changelog
title: Prowadź Changelog
language: pl-PL
version: 0.3.0
---
:markdown
# Prowadź CHANGELOG
## Nie pozwól, by twoi znajomi wklejali logi gita do CHANGELOGów™
Wersja **#{current_page.metadata[:page][:version]}**
### Czym jest changelog?
Changelog, inaczej rejestr zmian lub historia zmian, to plik zawierający chronologicznie uporządkowaną listę istotnych zmian dla każdej wersji projektu.
<pre class="changelog">#{File.read("CHANGELOG.md")}</pre>
### Co jest celem prowadzenia changelogu?
Changelog pomaga użytkownikom zrozumieć, jakie znaczące zmiany zostały wprowadzone w każdej wersji projektu.
### Dlaczego miałoby mi zależeć?
Ponieważ narzędzia informatyczne są dla ludzi. Jeśli ci nie zależy,
dlaczego przyczyniasz się do powstawania otwartego oprogramowania (open source)?
Rozmawiałem na podcaście ["The Changelog" z Adamem Stacoviakiem i Jerodem Santo][thechangelog]
(odpowiednia nazwa, prawda?) o tym, dlaczego osobom wspierającym otwarte programowanie powinno zależeć,
oraz o celach samego projektu. Jeśli masz chwilę (1:06), zapraszam do posłuchania - warto.
### Co składa się na dobry changelog?
Cieszę się, że zapytałeś.
Dobry changelog trzyma się następujących zasad:
- Jest stworzony dla ludzi, nie maszyn, więc liczy się czytelność.
- Prostota dodawania linków do każdego rozdziału (dlatego używa się Markdown zamiast prostego tekstu).
- Jeden podrozdział dla każdej wersji.
- Wyszczególniaj wydania w odwrotnym porządku chronologicznym (najnowsza na górze).
- Wszystkie daty zapisuj w formacie `YYYY-MM-DD`. (Przykład: `2012-06-02` dla `2 czerwca 2012 r.`). To [rozsądny](http://xkcd.com/1179/), niezależny od języka międzynarodowy format.
- Zawsze określaj, czy projekt jest zgodny z [Semantycznym Wersjonowaniem][semver].
- Każda wersja powinna:
- Zawierać datę w wyżej wymienionym formacie.
- Grupować zmiany w celu opisu ich wpływu na projekt, w następujący sposób:
- `Added` dla nowych funkcji.
- `Changed` dla zmian w istniejącej funkcjonalności.
- `Deprecated` (przestarzałe) dla uprzednio stabilnych funkcji, które zostaną usunięte w przyszłych wydaniach projektu.
- `Removed` dla przestarzałych funkcji usuniętych w bieżącej wersji.
- `Fixed` dla poprawionych błędów (bugów).
- `Security` w celu poinformowania użytkowników o zalecanej aktualizacji naprawiającej luki bezpieczeństwa.
### Jak mogę zminimalizować wysiłek wkładany w prowadzenie changelogu?
Zawsze umieszczaj rozdział `"Unreleased"` na szczycie dokumentu, w celu śledzenia wszelkich zmian.
Ta praktyka ma dwa cele:
- Użytkownicy widzą, jakich zmian mogą się spodziewać w nadchodzących wydaniach.
- W momencie aktualizacji, musisz jedynie zastąpić `"Unreleased"` wersją projektu oraz dodać nowy nagłówek `"Unreleased"` na samej górze.
### Co sprawia, że jednorożce płaczą?
Dobrze... zabierzmy się za to.
- **Wrzucanie logów diff z zamieszczonymi zmianami.** Po prostu tego nie rób. Nikomu tym nie pomagasz.
- **Niewyszczególnianie przestarzałych funkcji.** Użytkownik powinien zostać wyraźnie poinformowany, że coś przestanie działać po aktualizacji.
- **Daty w formatach regionalnych.** W USA ludzie zapisują miesiąc na samym początku daty ("06-02-2012" dla 2 czerwca 2012 r.,
co nie ma *najmniejszego* sensu), podczas gdy gdzie indziej wiele osób pisze "2 czerwiec 2012", jednak wymawia to w inny sposób.
"2012-06-02" to logiczny format zapisywany od największej, do najmniejszej wartości oraz nie pokrywa się z innymi formatami w niejednoznaczny sposób.
Jest to jednocześnie [standard ISO](http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/iso8601.htm). To wszystko sprawia, że jest to rekomendowany format zapisywania daty w changelogach.
To jeszcze nie koniec. Pomóż mi zebrać wszystkie łzy jednorożców [zgłaszając problem][issues] lub wprowadzając zmianę poprzez pull request.
### Czy istnieje standardowy format changelogu?
Niestety nie, ale spokojnie. Wiem, że spieszysz wkleić link do tego przewodnika stylu changelogu GNU, czy do dwóch paragrafów "wytycznych" GNU NEWS.
Przewodnik stylu GNU to dobry, ale niestety naiwny początek. Nie ma nic złego w byciu naiwnym, ale gdy ludzie potrzebują wytycznych, bycie naiwnym rzadko pomaga.
Szczególnie, gdy istnieje wiele sytuacji i szczególnych przypadków z którymi trzeba się zmierzyć.
Mam nadzieję, że ten projekt zostanie uznany [lepszym standardem pliku CHANGELOG][CHANGELOG].
Nie uważam, że status quo jest wystarczające i myślę, że jako społeczność, możemy stworzyć lepsze konwencje,
jeśli spróbujemy zastosować dobre praktyki stosowane w prawdziwych projektach informatycznych.
Proszę, zapoznaj się z projektem i pamiętaj, że [dyskusja i sugestie są zawsze mile widziane][issues]!
### Jak powinien być nazwany plik changelog?
Jeśli nie potrafisz wywnioskować z powyższego przykładu, `CHANGELOG.md` to do tej pory najlepsza konwencja.
Niektóre projekty również stosują `HISTORY.txt`, `HISTORY.md`, `History.md`, `NEWS.txt`,
`NEWS.md`, `News.txt`, `RELEASES.txt`, `RELEASE.md`, `releases.md`, itd.
Straszny bałagan. Wszystkie te nazwy sprawiają, że jeszcze ciężej jest odnaleźć ten plik.
### Dlaczego nie mielibyśmy po prostu stosować raportu `git log`?
Ponieważ logi typu diff są z natury zagmatwane. Nawet przy hipotetycznym projekcie stworzonym przez doskonałe istoty ludzkie, które nigdy nie popełniają literówek,
nigdy nie zapominają o zsynchronizowaniu nowo dodanych plików czy nigdy niczego nie pomijają podczas refaktoryzacji kodu, logi diff nie mogłyby zastąpić changelogu.
Celem `git commit` jest udokumentowanie jednego kroku w procesie, dzięki któremu kod ewoluuje z jednego stanu w kolejny. Celem changelogu jest udokumentowanie tych różnic pomiędzy stanami kodu, które są godne uwagi.
Różnica między changelogiem a logiem diff, tak samo jak różnica między dobrymi komentarzami a kodem, jest następująca: pierwsze opisuje *dlaczego*, drugie - *jak*.
### Czy changelog może być generowany automatycznie?
To nie takie proste, ponieważ ludzie stosują bardzo różne formaty oraz nazwy plików.
[Vandamme][vandamme] to gem Ruby stworzony przez ekipę [Gemnasium][gemnasium], parsujący changelogi wielu (ale nie wszystkich) projektów open source.
### Dlaczego czasem stosujesz pisownię "CHANGELOG", a czasem "changelog"?
"CHANGELOG" to nazwa samego pliku. Wygląda to dość głośno, ale taka jest historyczna konwencja przyjęta przez wiele projektów open source. Inne przykłady podobnych plików to [`README`][README], [`LICENSE`][LICENSE],
oraz [`CONTRIBUTING`][CONTRIBUTING].
Zapis wielkimi literami (dzięki któremu w starszych systemach operacyjnch pliki zostają umieszczone na szczycie listy) ma na celu zwrócenie na nie uwagi.
Jako że są to ważne informacje dotyczące projektu, mogą być one użyteczne dla każdego, kto zamierza korzystać lub wnieść weń wkład. Ida ta zbliżona jest do [odznaczeń przy projektach open source][shields].
Gdy stosuję pisownię "changelog", mówię o samej funkcji tego pliku: rejestrowaniu zmian.
### A co z błędnymi wersjami (yanked)?
Są to wersje opublikowane błędnie, czyli takie, które musiały zostać wycofane ze względu na poważny błąd lub lukę bezpieczeństwa. Często takie wersje projektu nie pojawiają się nawet w changelogu, a powinny.
Oto jak taka wersja powinna wyglądać:
`## 0.0.5 - 2014-12-13 [YANKED]`
Tag `[YANKED]` jest celowo zapisany wielkimi literami. Ważne jest, by został on dostrzeżony. Dzięki temu, że jest ujęty w nawias, może być z łatwością generowany automatycznie.
### Czy powinno się kiedykolwiek poprawiać changelog?
Oczywiście. Zawsze istnieją powody, by ulepszyć changelog. Często zdarza mi się edytować changelogi w projektach open source w których pominięto udokumentowanie istotnych zmian.
Może się również zdarzyć, że odkryjesz, iż podczas przygotowywania notatek dla wersji projektu, zapomniałeś udokumentować istotną zmianę, która ma wpływ na działanie aplikacji.
Ważne jest, by zaktualizować changelog szczególnie jeśli jest to zmiana, która w istotny sposób wpływa na kompatybilność aplikacji.
### Jak mogę wnieść wkład w projekt?
Ten dokument to nie jedna i jedyna **prawda**; to moja starannie sformułowana opinia wraz z informacją i przykładami które zebrałem.
Pomimo tego, że prowadzę właściwy [CHANGELOG][] na [GitHubie][gh], celowo nie stworzyłem poprawnego *releasu* czy jasno sprecyzowanych wytycznych (tak jak np. na [SemVer.org][semver]).
Chcę, by nasza społeczność uzgodniła jak CHANGELOG ma wyglądać. Wierzę, że dyskusja jest niezbędna do osiągnięcia końcowego rezultatu.
Więc proszę, [**dołącz do projektu**][gh].
[CHANGELOG]: https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md
[CONTRIBUTING]: https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md
[LICENSE]: https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/blob/master/LICENSE
[README]: https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/blob/master/README.md
[gemnasium]: https://gemnasium.com/
[gh]: https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog
[issues]: https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/issues
[semver]: http://semver.org/
[shields]: http://shields.io/
[thechangelog]: http://5by5.tv/changelog/127
[vandamme]: https://github.com/tech-angels/vandamme/

View File

@ -12,176 +12,173 @@ version: 0.3.0
Version **#{current_page.metadata[:page][:version]}**
### O que é um change log?
### O que é um *changelog*?
Um *change log* é um arquivo que contém uma lista selecionada, ordenada
Um *changelog* é um arquivo que contém uma lista selecionada, ordenada
cronologicamente, de mudanças significativas para cada versão de um projeto
open source.
*open source*.
%pre.changelog= File.read("CHANGELOG.md")
<pre class="changelog">#{File.read("CHANGELOG.md")}</pre>
:markdown
### Para que serve um *change log*?
### Para que serve um *changelog*?
Para facilitar para os usuários e contribuidores verem precisamente quais
Para facilitar que usuários e contribuidores vejam precisamente quais
mudanças significativas foram realizadas entre cada versão publicada.
### Por que eu deveria me importar?
Porque softwares são feitos para pessoas. Se você não liga, porque está
contribuindo a projetos open source? Certamente deve haver um fundo de
Porque softwares são feitos para pessoas. Se você não liga, por que está
contribuindo com projetos *open source*? Certamente deve haver um fundo de
carinho em algum lugar desse seu amável cerebrinho.
Eu [conversei com Adam Stacoviak e Jerod Santo no podcast do The
Changelog][thechangelog] (faz sentido, hein?) sobre o por quê mantenedores e
contribuidores open source devem se importar, e as motivações por trás deste
projeto. Se você tem o tempo (1:06), é um bom programa.
Changelog][thechangelog] (faz sentido, hein?) sobre por que mantenedores e
contribuidores *open source* devem se importar e as motivações por trás desse
projeto. Se você tem tempo (1:06), é um bom programa.
### O que faz um *change log* ser bom?
### O que faz um *changelog* ser bom?
Que bom que perguntou.
Um bom change log não foge desses princípios:
Um bom *changelog* se atém a esses princípios:
- É feito para seres humanos, não máquinas, então legibilidade é crucial.
- Ser fácil de referenciar (*linkar*) qualquer seção (por isso Markdown ao
- É fácil de referenciar (*linkar*) qualquer seção (por isso Markdown ao
invés de puro texto).
- Uma sub-seção por versão.
- Uma subseção por versão.
- Lista as versões publicadas em ordem cronológica decrescente (mais novo em
cima).
- Escreva todas as datas no formato `AAAA-MM-DD`. (Exemplo: `2012-06-02` para
- Usa todas as datas no formato `AAAA-MM-DD`. (Exemplo: `2012-06-02` para
`2 de Junho de 2012`.) É internacional, [sensato](http://xkcd.com/1179/), e
independente de língua.
- Explicite se o projeto segue [Versionamento Semântico][semver].
- Menciona explicitamente se o projeto segue o [Versionamento Semântico][semver].
- Cada versão deve:
- Listar sua data de publicação no formato acima.
- Agrupar mudanças descrevendo seus impactos no projeto, como segue:
- `Added` para novas funcionalidades.
- `Changed` para mudanças em funcionalidades existentes.
- `Deprecated` para funcionalidades uma vez estáveis removidas das
próximas publicações.
- `Removed` para funcionalidades removidas desta versão.
- `Fixed` para qualquer correção de bug.
- `Security` para convidar usuários a atualizar em caso de
- `Added`/`Adicionado` para novas funcionalidades.
- `Changed`/`Modificado` para mudanças em funcionalidades existentes.
- `Deprecated`/`Obsoleto` para funcionalidades estáveis que foram removidas das
próximas versões.
- `Removed`/`Removido` para funcionalidades removidas desta versão.
- `Fixed`/`Consertado` para qualquer correção de bug.
- `Security`/`Segurança` para incentivar usuários a atualizarem em caso de
vulnerabilidades.
### Como eu posso minimizar o esforço exigido?
Mantenha sempre uma seção `Unreleased` no topo para manter o controle de
Mantenha sempre uma seção `"Unreleased"`\`"A publicar"` no topo para manter o controle de
quaisquer mudanças.
Isso serve a dois propósitos:
- As pessoas podem ver quais mudanças elas podem esperar em publicações
futuras.
- No momento da publicação, você tem que somente mudar `Unreleased` para o
número de versão e adicionar um novo cabeçalho `Unreleased` no topo.
- No momento da publicação, você apenas tem de mudar o `"Unreleased"`\`"A publicar"` para o
número de versão e adicionar um novo cabeçalho `"Unreleased"`\`"A publicar"` no topo.
### O que faz os unicórnios chorarem?
Tudo bem...vamos lá.
Tudo bem... vamos lá.
- Despejar logs de commits. Simplesmente não faça isso, não está
- **Despejar logs de commits.** Simplesmente não faça isso, você não está
ajudando ninguém.
- Não dar ênfase nas descontinuações. Quando as pessoas atualizam de uma
versão para outra, deve ser dolorosamente claro quando algo irá quebrar.
- Datas em formatos específicos de uma região. Nos Estados Unidos, as pessoas
- **Não dar ênfase nas obsolências.** Quando as pessoas atualizam de uma versão
para outra, deve ser incrivelmente claro quando algo irá parar de funcionar.
- **Datas em formatos específicos de uma região.** Nos Estados Unidos, as pessoas
colocam o mês primeiro ("06-02-2012" para 2 de Junho de 2012, o que *não*
faz sentido), enquanto muitos no resto do mundo escrevem em aspecto
robótico "2 Junho 2012", e mesmo assim leem de forma diferente.
"2012-06-02" funciona de maneira lógica do maior para o menor, não
sobrescreve de maneira ambígua outros formatos, e é um [padrão
se confunde de maneira ambígua com outros formatos, e é um [padrão
ISO](http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/iso8601.htm). Portanto, é o
formato recomendado para *change logs*.
formato recomendado para *changelogs*.
Tem mais. Ajude me a coletar essas lágrimas de unicórnio [abrindo uma
issue][issues] ou um pull request.
Tem mais. Ajude-me a coletar essas lágrimas de unicórnio [abrindo uma
issue][issues] ou um *pull request*.
### Existe um padrão de formato de *change log*?
### Existe um padrão de formato de *changelog*?
Infelizmente, não. Calma. Eu sei que você está indo impetuosamente achar
aquele link do guia de estilo de *change log* GNU, ou o arquivo "guideline"
de dois paragráfos de GNU NEWS. O estilo GNU é um bom começo mas é ingênuo.
Não há nada de errado em ser ingênuo mas quando as pessoas precisam de
orientação isso raramente ajuda. Especialmente quando existem muitas
situações excepcionais e casos extremos com os quais se deve lidar.
Infelizmente, não. Calma. Eu sei que você está buscando furiosamente
aquele link do guia GNU de estilo de *changelog*, ou o arquivo "guideline"
de dois paragráfos do GNU NEWS. O estilo GNU é um bom começo mas, infelizmente, é ingênuo.
Não há nada de errado em ser ingênuo mas, quando as pessoas precisam de orientação,
raramente ajuda. Especialmente quando existem muitas situações excepcionais
para lidar.
Este projeto [contém o que eu espero se tornar um melhor padrão de arquivo
CHANGELOG][CHANGELOG]. Não acho que o status é bom o suficiente, e acho que
como uma comunidade nós podemos definir melhores padrões se tentarmos extrair
boas práticas de projetos de software reais. Então por favor dê um olhada e
lembre que [discussões e sugestões para melhorias são bem-vindas][issues]!
CHANGELOG][CHANGELOG] para todos os projetos *open source*. Eu não acredito que o status quo
seja bom o suficiente, e acho que, como uma comunidade, nós podemos encontrar novas convenções
se tentarmos extrair boas práticas de projetos de software reais. Por favor, dê uma olhada e
lembre-se de que [discussões e sugestões de melhorias são bem-vindas][issues]!
### Qual deve ser o nome do arquivo *change log*?
### Qual deve ser o nome do arquivo *changelog*?
Bom, se você não notou no exemplo acima, `CHANGELOG.md` é a melhor padrão até
agora.
Bom, se você não notou no exemplo acima, `CHANGELOG.md` é a melhor convenção até agora.
Alguns outros projetos também utilizam `HISTORY.txt`, `HISTORY.md`,
`History.md`, `NEWS.txt`, `NEWS.md`, `News.txt`, `RELEASES.txt`,
`RELEASE.md`, `releases.md`, etc.
É uma bagunça. Todos esses nome só dificultam que as pessoas o achem.
É uma bagunça. Todos esses nomes só dificultam encontrar o *changelog*.
### Por quê as pessoas não podem simplesmente utilizar `git log`?
### Por que as pessoas não podem simplesmente utilizar `git log`?
Porque os logs do Git são cheios de ruído — por natureza. Eles não serviriam como um
changelog adequado mesmo em um projeto hipotético executado por humanos perfeitos, que
nunca erram uma letra, nunca esquecem de *commitar* arquivos, nunca cometem deslizes
em uma refatoração. O propósito de um *commit* é documentar um passo atômico no
processo pelo qual o código evolui de um estado a outro. O propósito de um *changelog*
é documentar as diferenças relevantes entre esses estados.
Porque os logs do Git são cheios de ruído — por natureza. Eles não poderiam
escrever um change log adequado mesmo em um projeto hipotético desenvolvido
por humanos perfeitos que nunca cometem erros de grafia, nunca esquecem de
realizar commit de novos arquivos e nunca esquecem de nenhuma parte da
refatoração. O propósito de um commit é documentar um passo atômico no
processo no qual o código evolui de um estado a outro. O propósito de um
change log é documentar diferenças notáveis entre estes estados.
A mesma diferença que existe entre bons comentários e o código em si existe entre o
*changelog* e o *commit log*: um descreve o *porquê*, o outro descreve o *como*.
Assim como são as diferenças entre bons comentários e o próprio código, há
a diferença entre o change log e o commit log: um descreve o porquê e o
outro o como.
### Podem os *changelogs* ser automaticamente interpretados?
### Podem os *change logs* ser automaticamente interpretados?
É difícil, por que as pessoas seguem formatos e nomes de arquivos
É difícil, porque as pessoas seguem formatos e nomes de arquivos
radicalmente diferentes.
[Vandamme][vandamme] é uma gem criada pelo time [Gemnasium][gemnasium] que
interpreta muitos (mas não todos) change logs de projetos open source.
interpreta muitos (mas não todos) *changelogs* de projetos *open source*.
### Por que você alterna entre as grafias "CHANGELOG" e "change log"?
### Por que você alterna entre as grafias "CHANGELOG" e "changelog"?
"CHANGELOG" é o nome do arquivo em si. É um pouco chamativo mas é uma
convenção histórica seguida por muitos projetos open source. Outros exemplos
convenção histórica seguida por muitos projetos *open source*. Outros exemplos
similares de arquivo incluem [`README`][README], [`LICENSE`][LICENSE], e
[`CONTRIBUTING`][CONTRIBUTING].
O nome em letras maiúsculas (o que, em sistemas operacionais antigos, fazia
estes arquivos ficarem no topo da lista) é utilizado para chamar atenção para
eles. Já que são importante metadados sobre o projeto, eles podem ser úteis
a qualquer um pretendendo usar ou contribuir com ele, assim como os [as
badges de projeto open source][shields].
O nome em letras maiúsculas (o que em sistemas operacionais antigos faziam
estes arquivos ficarem no topo da lista) é utilizado para chamar atenção.
Por conterem importantes metadados do projeto, *changelogs* são úteis a
qualquer um que pretenda utilizar ou contribuir com o projeto, da maneira
equivalente às [badges de projetos *open source*][shields].
Quando eu me refiro a "*change log*", eu estou falando sobre a função deste
Quando eu me refiro a "*changelog*", eu estou falando sobre a função desse
arquivo: listar mudanças.
### E sobre as publicações removidas?
Publicações removidas são versões que tiveram que ser removidas devido a um
sério bug ou problema de segurança. Com frequência essas versões sequer
aparecem em *change logs*. Deveriam. É assim que você deve exibi-las:
aparecem em *changelogs*. Deveriam. É assim que você deve exibi-las:
`## 0.0.5 - 2014-12-13 [YANKED]`
A tag `[YANKED]`/`[REMOVIDA]` é chamativa por uma razão. É importante que
as pessoas a notem. Além disso, já que é cercada por colchetes, é mais
fácil detectá-la programaticamente.
A tag `[YANKED]` é chamativa por uma razão. É importante que as pessoas a
notem. E já que é cercada por colchetes é mais fácil detectá-la
programaticamente.
### Se você deveria reescrever um change log?
Claro. Sempre existem boas razões para melhorar um change log. Eu abro os pull
requests regularmente para adicionar releases que faltam a projetos open source
com change logs sem manutenção.
É também possível que você descubra que esqueceu de registrar uma mudança
crucial nas anotações de uma versão. É obviamente importante que você atualize
seu change log neste caso.
### Devemos alterar o *changelog* em alguma circunstância?
Claro. Sempre existem bons motivos para melhorar um *changelog*. Eu regularmente
abro *pull requests* para adicionar versões faltantes em projetos *open source*
com *changelogs* abandonados.
Também é possível que você perceba que se esqueceu de registrar mudanças
importantes nas notas de uma versão. É obviamente importante que você atualize
seu *changelog* nesse caso.
### Como eu posso contribuir?
@ -194,7 +191,7 @@ version: 0.3.0
Fiz isso porque eu gostaria que nossa comunidade chegasse a um consenso. Eu
acredito que a discussão é tão importante quanto o resultado final.
Então por favor [entre em campo][gh].
Então, por favor, [entre em campo][gh].
[CHANGELOG]: https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md
[CONTRIBUTING]: https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md

View File

@ -18,9 +18,8 @@ version: 0.3.0
хронологическом порядке список значимых изменений для каждой версии проекта с
открытым исходным кодом.
%pre.changelog= File.read("CHANGELOG.md")
<pre class="changelog">#{File.read("CHANGELOG.md")}</pre>
:markdown
### Для чего нужен лог изменений?
Чтобы пользователи и контрибьюторы могли с меньшими усилиями точно

View File

@ -16,9 +16,8 @@ version: 0.3.0
Dnevnik sprememb je datoteka, ki vsebuje kuriran, kronološko urejen
seznam opaznih sprememb za vsako verzijo projekta.
%pre.changelog= File.read("CHANGELOG.md")
<pre class="changelog">#{File.read("CHANGELOG.md")}</pre>
:markdown
### Kaj je smisel dnevnika sprememb?
Za poenostavitev, da uporabniki in prispevajoči sodelavci natančno vidijo, katere
opazne spremembe so bile narejene med vsako izdajo (ali verzijo) projekta.

View File

@ -16,9 +16,8 @@ version: 0.3.0
En ändringslogg är en fil innehållandes en sammanfattad, kronologiskt ordnad
lista över ändringar för varje version av ett projekt.
%pre.changelog= File.read("CHANGELOG.md")
<pre class="changelog">#{File.read("CHANGELOG.md")}</pre>
:markdown
### Vad är meningen med en ändringslogg?
För att göra det enkelt för användare och medarbetare att se exakt vilka
viktiga ändringar som har gjorts mellan varje utgåva (eller version) av projektet.

View File

@ -14,9 +14,8 @@ version: 0.3.0
Değişiklik kayıtları bir proje için özel olarak hazırlanmış, tarihsel sıralamayla
sıralanmış, önemli değişikliklerin bir bütünüdür.
%pre.changelog= File.read("CHANGELOG.md")
<pre class="changelog">#{File.read("CHANGELOG.md")}</pre>
:markdown
### Değişikliklerin kayıtlarını tutmanın anlamı ne?
Bir projenin kullanıcılarının ya da katılımcılarının, dağıtımlar (ya da sürümler)
arasındaki tam olarak hangi önemli değişikliklerin olduğunu takip edebilmelerini sağlar.
@ -90,7 +89,7 @@ version: 0.3.0
Mevcut durumun çok iyi olduğunu düşünmüyorum, ve topluluk olarak, gerçek yazılım
projelerinden iyi pratikleri toplayarak bundan daha iyisini yapabiliriz. Lütfen
etrafa bir göz gezdirin ve unutmayın [gelişme yolunda tartışmalara ve önerilere her zaman açığız][issues]!
### Değişiklik kayıtlarının dosya ismi ne olmalı?
Eh, üstteki örnekten çıkartamadıysanız eğer, `CHANGELOG.md` şu ana kadarki
en iyi çözüm.
@ -159,7 +158,7 @@ version: 0.3.0
[GitHub repo][gh]sunda güncel bir [CHANGELOG][] sağlıyor olsam da, özellikle
bir *sürüm* ya da ([SemVer.org][semver] benzeri) takip edilecek kurallar
oluşturmadım.
Bunu istememin sebebi topluluğun ortak bir paydada buluşmasını istememdir.
İnanıyorum ki tartışmanın kendisi de sonucu kadar önemli.

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@ -17,9 +17,8 @@ version: 0.3.0
这个列表记录所有版本的重大变动。
%pre.changelog= File.read("CHANGELOG.md")
<pre class="changelog">#{File.read("CHANGELOG.md")}</pre>
:markdown
### 为何要提供更新日志?
为了让用户和开发人员更好知道每一个版本有哪些区别。

View File

@ -17,9 +17,8 @@ version: 0.3.0
這個列表記錄所有版本的重大變動。
%pre.changelog= File.read("CHANGELOG.md")
<pre class="changelog">#{File.read("CHANGELOG.md")}</pre>
:markdown
### 為何要提供更新日誌?
為了讓用戶和開發人員更好知道每一個版本有哪些區別。