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Use new interfaces SCI_FORMATRANGEFULL, SCI_GETTEXTRANGEFULL, SCI_FINDTEXTFULL from scintilla 5.2.3 Close #11734
226 lines
11 KiB
HTML
226 lines
11 KiB
HTML
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<meta name="generator" content="SciTE" />
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
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<title>Migration to Scintilla 5.x.</title>
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<style type="text/css">
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<table bgcolor="#000000" width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0"
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summary="Banner">
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<tr>
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<td><img src="SciTEIco.png" border="3" height="64" width="64" alt="Lexilla icon" /></td>
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<td><a href="index.html"
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style="color:white;text-decoration:none;font-size:200%">Scintilla</a></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h1>Migrating Applications to Scintilla 5 with Lexilla.</h1>
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<h2>Introduction</h2>
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<p>With Scintilla 5.0, all lexers were moved from Scintilla into the Lexilla library
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which is a <a href="https://www.scintilla.org/Lexilla.html">separate project</a>.
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Lexilla may be either a static library
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that is linked into an application or a shared library that is loaded at runtime.</p>
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<p>Lexilla has its own <a href="LexillaDoc.html">documentation</a>.</p>
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<h2>Basics</h2>
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<p>With Scintilla 4.x, it was most common for applications to set a lexer either by lexer name or lexer ID (<span class="name">SCLEX_...</span>) by calling
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<code>SCI_SETLEXERLANGUAGE("<name>")</code> or <code>SCI_SETLEXER(SCLEX_*)</code>.</p>
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<p>With Scintilla 5, the normal technique is to call Lexilla's <span class="name">CreateLexer</span> function
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with a lexer name, then apply the result with
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Scintilla's <span class="name">SCI_SETILEXER</span> method:<br />
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<code>ILexer5 *pLexer = CreateLexer("<name>")<br />
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SCI_SETILEXER(pLexer)</code></p>
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<p>Lexer names are now strongly preferred to lexer IDs and applications should switch where possible.
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Some lexers will not have lexer IDs but all will have names.</p>
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<p>Applications may be written in C++ or C; may contain a statically linked Lexilla library or load a Lexilla
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shared library; and may use the raw Lexilla API or the LexillaAccess C++ helper module.</p>
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<h2>From C++: LexillaAccess</h2>
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<p>The easiest technique is to implement in C++ using LexillaAccess and load a Lexilla shared library.</p>
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<p>LexillaAccess simplifies use of Lexilla, hides operating system differences, and allows loading
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multiple libraries that support the Lexilla protocol.
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It is defined in lexilla/access/LexillaAccess.h and the source code is in lexilla/access/LexillaAccess.cxx.
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Add these to the build dependencies of the project or build file.</p>
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<p>Both SciTE and TestLexers (used to test Lexilla) in lexilla/test use LexillaAccess.
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TestLexers is much simpler than SciTE so can be a good example to examine.</p>
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<h3>Building</h3>
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<p>Header files for lexers and for using Lexilla will be included so build files will need to reference these new locations.
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LexillaAccess.cxx should be added to the set of source files.
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In make, for example, this may appear similar to:</p>
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<code class="example">
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LEXILLA_DIR ?= $(srcdir)/../../lexilla<br />
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INCLUDES += -I $(LEXILLA_DIR)/include -I $(LEXILLA_DIR)/access<br />
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SOURCES += $(LEXILLA_DIR)/access/LexillaAccess.cxx<br />
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</code>
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<h3>Steps in code</h3>
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<p>Set the directory to search for Lexilla when full paths aren't provided.
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This may be a known good system or user directory or the directory of the application
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depending on the operating system conventions.</p>
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<code class="example">
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std::string homeDirectory = "/Users/Me/bin";<br />
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Lexilla::SetDefaultDirectory(homeDirectory);<br />
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</code>
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<p>Load Lexilla or another library that implements the Lexilla protocol.
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The name "." means the standard name and extension (liblexilla.so / liblexilla.dylib / lexilla.dll)
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in the default directory so is often a good choice. Names without extensions have the operating system's preferred
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shared library extension added.
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A full path can also be used.
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Multiple libraries can be loaded at once by listing them separated by ';'.
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Something like one of these lines:</p>
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<code class="example">
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Lexilla::Load(".");<br />
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Lexilla::Load("lexilla;lexpeg;XMLexers");<br />
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Lexilla::Load("/usr/lib/liblexilla.so;/home/aardvark/bin/libpeg.so");<br />
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</code>
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<p>Choose the name of the lexer to use. This may be determined from the file extension or some other mechanism.</p>
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<code class="example">
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std::string lexerName = "cpp";<br />
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</code>
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<p>Create a lexer and apply it to a Scintilla instance.</p>
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<code class="example">
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Scintilla::ILexer5 *pLexer = Lexilla::MakeLexer(lexerName);<br />
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CallScintilla(scintilla, SCI_SETILEXER, 0, pLexer);<br />
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</code>
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<p>Some applications may use integer lexer IDs from SciLexer.h with an "SCLEX_" prefix like
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<span class="name">SCLEX_CPP</span>.
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These can be converted to a name with NameFromID before passing to MakeLexer.</p>
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<code class="example">
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Scintilla::ILexer5 *pLexer = Lexilla::MakeLexer(Lexilla::NameFromID(SCLEX_CPP));<br />
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</code>
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<h2>From C: Lexilla.h and system APIs</h2>
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<p>Applications written in C or C++ can use the raw Lexilla API which is defined in lexilla/include/Lexilla.h.
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Since the ILexer interface is difficult to define for C, C applications should treat the result of CreateLexer as a
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<code>void*</code> that is simply passed through to Scintilla.
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If there is a need to call methods on the lexer
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before passing it to Scintilla then it would be best to use some C++ code although it may be possible
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for a sufficiently motivated developer to call methods on the lexer from C.</p>
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<p>There is an example for using Lexilla from C in examples/CheckLexilla.</p>
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<h3>Steps in code</h3>
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<p>Include the system header for loading shared objects.
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This depends on the operating system: <windows.h> for <code class="windows">Windows</code> or
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<dlfcn.h> for <code class="unix">Unix</code>.</p>
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<code class="windows">#include <windows.h><br /></code>
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<code class="unix">#include <dlfcn.h><br /></code>
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<p>Define a path to the Lexilla shared library.
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This may be a known good system or user directory or the directory of the application
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depending on the operating system conventions.</p>
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<code class="example">
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#include "Lexilla.h"<br />
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char szLexillaPath[] = "../../bin/" LEXILLA_LIB LEXILLA_EXTENSION;<br />
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</code>
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<p>Load Lexilla using the appropriate operating system function: either LoadLibrary on Windows or
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dlopen on Unix.</p>
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<code class="windows">HMODULE lexillaLibrary = LoadLibrary(szLexillaPath);<br /></code>
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<code class="unix">void *lexillaLibrary = dlopen(szLexillaPath, RTLD_LAZY);<br /></code>
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<p>Find the CreateLexer function inside the shared library using either GetProcAddress on Windows or
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dlsym on Unix.</p>
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<code class="windows">FARPROC fun = GetProcAddress(lexillaLibrary, LEXILLA_CREATELEXER);<br /></code>
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<code class="unix">void *fun = dlsym(lexillaLibrary, LEXILLA_CREATELEXER);<br /></code>
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<p>Cast this to the correct type.</p>
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<code class="example">CreateLexerFn lexerCreate = (CreateLexerFn)(fun);<br /></code>
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<p>Choose the name of the lexer to use. This may be determined from the file extension or some other mechanism.</p>
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<code class="example">char lexerName[] = "cpp";<br /></code>
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<p>Create a lexer and apply it to a Scintilla instance.</p>
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<code class="example">
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void *pLexer = lexerCreate(lexerName);<br />
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CallScintilla(scintilla, SCI_SETILEXER, 0, pLexer);<br />
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</code>
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<p>If the application uses integer lexer IDs then find the <span class="name">LEXILLA_LEXERNAMEFROMID</span>
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function, cast to <span class="name">LexerNameFromIDFn</span> then call with the ID before using the result to call
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<span class="name">CreateLexer</span>.</p>
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<code class="windows">FARPROC funName = GetProcAddress(lexillaLibrary, LEXILLA_LEXERNAMEFROMID);<br /></code>
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<code class="unix">void *funName = dlsym(lexillaLibrary, LEXILLA_LEXERNAMEFROMID);<br /></code>
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<code class="example">LexerNameFromIDFn lexerNameFromID = (LexerNameFromIDFn)(funName);<br /></code>
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<code class="example">const char *name = lexerNameFromID(lexerID);<br /></code>
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<h2>Static linking</h2>
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<p>Lexilla may be linked directly into an application or built into a static library that is then
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linked into the application, then there is no need to load a shared library and
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<span class="name">CreateLexer</span> can be directly called.</p>
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<p>It is possible to link Lexilla into an application and then dynamically load other
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shared libraries that implement the Lexilla protocol.
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SciTE on Windows implements this as an option when built with STATIC_BUILD defined.</p>
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</body>
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</html>
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