openssh-portable/contrib/win32/win32compat/misc.c

/*
* Author: Manoj Ampalam <manoj.ampalam@microsoft.com>
*
* Copyright(c) 2016 Microsoft Corp.
* All rights reserved
*
* Misc Unix POSIX routine implementations for Windows
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met :
*
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and / or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
* OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES(INCLUDING, BUT
* NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
* DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
* THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
* THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/

#include <Windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <Shlwapi.h>

#include "inc\unistd.h"
#include "inc\sys\stat.h"
#include "inc\sys\statvfs.h"
#include "inc\sys\time.h"
#include "misc_internal.h"
#include "inc\dlfcn.h"
#include "inc\dirent.h"
#include "inc\sys\types.h"
#include "inc\sys\ioctl.h"
#include "inc\fcntl.h"
#include "inc\utf.h"
#include "signal_internal.h"
#include "debug.h"

static char* s_programdir = NULL;

/* Maximum reparse buffer info size. The max user defined reparse 
 * data is 16KB, plus there's a header. 
 */
#define MAX_REPARSE_SIZE 17000 
#define IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMBOLIC_LINK IO_REPARSE_TAG_RESERVED_ZERO 
#define IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT (0xA0000003L) /* winnt ntifs */
#define IO_REPARSE_TAG_HSM (0xC0000004L) /* winnt ntifs */
#define IO_REPARSE_TAG_SIS (0x80000007L) /* winnt ntifs */
#define REPARSE_MOUNTPOINT_HEADER_SIZE 8

 /* Difference in us between UNIX Epoch and Win32 Epoch */
#define EPOCH_DELTA_US  116444736000000000ULL
#define RATE_DIFF 10000000ULL /* 1000 nsecs */

typedef struct _REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER {
	ULONG  ReparseTag;
	USHORT ReparseDataLength;
	USHORT Reserved;
	union {
		struct {
			USHORT SubstituteNameOffset;
			USHORT SubstituteNameLength;
			USHORT PrintNameOffset;
			USHORT PrintNameLength;
			WCHAR PathBuffer[1];
		} SymbolicLinkReparseBuffer;

		struct {
			USHORT SubstituteNameOffset;
			USHORT SubstituteNameLength;
			USHORT PrintNameOffset;
			USHORT PrintNameLength;
			WCHAR PathBuffer[1];
		} MountPointReparseBuffer;

		struct {
			UCHAR  DataBuffer[1];
		} GenericReparseBuffer;
	};
} REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER, *PREPARSE_DATA_BUFFER;

/* Windows CRT defines error string messages only till 43 in errno.h
 * This is an extended list that defines messages for EADDRINUSE through EWOULDBLOCK
 */
char* _sys_errlist_ext[] = {
	"Address already in use",				/* EADDRINUSE      100 */
	"Address not available",				/* EADDRNOTAVAIL   101 */
	"Address family not supported",				/* EAFNOSUPPORT    102 */
	"Connection already in progress",			/* EALREADY        103 */
	"Bad message",						/* EBADMSG         104 */
	"Operation canceled",					/* ECANCELED       105 */
	"Connection aborted",					/* ECONNABORTED    106 */
	"Connection refused",					/* ECONNREFUSED    107 */
	"Connection reset",					/* ECONNRESET      108 */
	"Destination address required",				/* EDESTADDRREQ    109 */
	"Host is unreachable",					/* EHOSTUNREACH    110 */
	"Identifier removed",					/* EIDRM           111 */
	"Operation in progress",				/* EINPROGRESS     112 */
	"Socket is connected",					/* EISCONN         113 */
	"Too many levels of symbolic links",			/* ELOOP           114 */
	"Message too long",					/* EMSGSIZE        115 */
	"Network is down",					/* ENETDOWN        116 */
	"Connection aborted by network",			/* ENETRESET       117 */
	"Network unreachable",					/* ENETUNREACH     118 */
	"No buffer space available",				/* ENOBUFS         119 */
	"No message is available on the STREAM head read queue",/* ENODATA         120 */
	"Link has been severed",				/* ENOLINK         121 */
	"No message of the desired type",			/* ENOMSG          122 */
	"Protocol not available",				/* ENOPROTOOPT     123 */
	"No STREAM resources",					/* ENOSR           124 */
	"Not a STREAM",						/* ENOSTR          125 */
	"The socket is not connected",				/* ENOTCONN        126 */
	"enotrecoverable",					/* ENOTRECOVERABLE 127 */
	"Not a socket",						/* ENOTSOCK        128 */
	"Operation not supported",				/* ENOTSUP         129 */
	"Operation not supported on socket",			/* EOPNOTSUPP      130 */
	"eother",						/* EOTHER          131 */
	"Value too large to be stored in data type",		/* EOVERFLOW       132 */
	"eownerdead",						/* EOWNERDEAD      133 */
	"Protocol error",					/* EPROTO          134 */
	"Protocol not supported",				/* EPROTONOSUPPORT 135 */
	"Protocol wrong type for socket",			/* EPROTOTYPE      136 */
	"Timer expired",					/* ETIME           137 */
	"Connection timed out",					/* ETIMEDOUT       138 */
	"Text file busy",					/* ETXTBSY         139 */
	"Operation would block"					/* EWOULDBLOCK     140 */
};

int
usleep(unsigned int useconds)
{
	Sleep(useconds / 1000);
	return 1;
}

int
nanosleep(const struct timespec *req, struct timespec *rem)
{
	HANDLE timer;
	LARGE_INTEGER li;

	if (req->tv_sec < 0 || req->tv_nsec < 0 || req->tv_nsec > 999999999) {
		errno = EINVAL;
		return -1;
	}

	if ((timer = CreateWaitableTimerW(NULL, TRUE, NULL)) == NULL) {
		errno = EFAULT;
		return -1;
	}

	li.QuadPart = -req->tv_nsec;
	if (!SetWaitableTimer(timer, &li, 0, NULL, NULL, FALSE)) {
		CloseHandle(timer);
		errno = EFAULT;
		return -1;
	}

	/* TODO - use wait_for_any_event, since we want to wake up on interrupts*/
	switch (WaitForSingleObject(timer, INFINITE)) {
	case WAIT_OBJECT_0:
		CloseHandle(timer);
		return 0;
	default:
		errno = EFAULT;
		return -1;
	}
}

/* This routine is contributed by  * Author: NoMachine <developers@nomachine.com>
 * Copyright (c) 2009, 2010 NoMachine
 * All rights reserved
 */
int
gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void *tz)
{
	union {
		FILETIME ft;
		unsigned long long ns;
	} timehelper;
	unsigned long long us;

	/* Fetch time since Jan 1, 1601 in 100ns increments */
	GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&timehelper.ft);	

	/* Remove the epoch difference */
	us = timehelper.ns - EPOCH_DELTA_US;

	/* Stuff result into the timeval */
	tv->tv_sec = (long)(us / RATE_DIFF);
	tv->tv_usec = (long)(us % RATE_DIFF);

	return 0;
}

void
explicit_bzero(void *b, size_t len)
{
	SecureZeroMemory(b, len);
}

HMODULE
dlopen(const char *filename, int flags)
{
	return LoadLibraryA(filename);
}

int
dlclose(HMODULE handle)
{
	FreeLibrary(handle);
	return 0;
}

FARPROC 
dlsym(HMODULE handle, const char *symbol)
{
	return GetProcAddress(handle, symbol);
}


/*fopen on Windows to mimic https://linux.die.net/man/3/fopen
* only r, w, a are supported for now
*/
FILE *
w32_fopen_utf8(const char *path, const char *mode)
{
	wchar_t wpath[PATH_MAX], wmode[5];
	FILE* f;
	char utf8_bom[] = { 0xEF,0xBB,0xBF };
	char first3_bytes[3];
	int status = 1;

	if (mode[1] != '\0') {
		errno = ENOTSUP;
		return NULL;
	}

	if(NULL == path) { 
		errno = EINVAL;
		debug3("fopen - ERROR:%d", errno);
		return NULL; 
	}

	/* if opening null device, point to Windows equivalent */
	if (0 == strncmp(path, NULL_DEVICE, strlen(NULL_DEVICE)+1))
		wcsncpy_s(wpath, PATH_MAX, L"NUL", 3);
	else
		status = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, path, -1, wpath, PATH_MAX);

	if ((0 == status) ||
	    (0 == MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, mode, -1, wmode, 5))) {
		errno = EFAULT;
		debug3("WideCharToMultiByte failed for %c - ERROR:%d", path, GetLastError());
		return NULL;
	}

	f = _wfopen(wpath, wmode);
	if (f) {
		/* BOM adjustments for file streams*/
		if (mode[0] == 'w' && fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET) != EBADF) {
			/* write UTF-8 BOM - should we ?*/
			/*if (fwrite(utf8_bom, sizeof(utf8_bom), 1, f) != 1) {
				fclose(f);
				return NULL;
			}*/

		} else if (mode[0] == 'r' && fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET) != EBADF) {
			/* read out UTF-8 BOM if present*/
			if (fread(first3_bytes, 3, 1, f) != 1 ||
			    memcmp(first3_bytes, utf8_bom, 3) != 0) {
				fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET);
			}
		}
	}

	return f;
}

/*
* fgets to support Unicode input 
* each UTF-16 char may bloat up to 4 utf-8 chars. We cannot determine if the length of 
* input unicode string until it is readed and converted to utf8 string.
* There is a risk to miss on unicode char when last unicode char read from console
* does not fit the remain space in str. use cauciously. 
*/
char*
 w32_fgets(char *str, int n, FILE *stream) {
	if (!str || !n || !stream) return NULL;

	HANDLE h = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(_fileno(stream));
	wchar_t* str_w = NULL;
	char *ret = NULL, *str_tmp = NULL, *cp = NULL;
	int actual_read = 0;

	if (h != NULL && h != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE
	    && GetFileType(h) == FILE_TYPE_CHAR) {

		/* Allocate memory for one UTF-16 char (up to 4 bytes) and a terminate char (\0) */
		if ((str_w = malloc(3 * sizeof(wchar_t))) == NULL) {
			errno = ENOMEM;
			goto cleanup;
		}
		/* prepare for Unicode input */
		_setmode(_fileno(stream), O_U16TEXT);
		cp = str;
		/*
		* each UTF-16 char may bloat up to 4 utf-8 chars
		* read one wide chars at time from console and convert it to utf8
		* stop reading until reach '\n' or the converted utf8 string length is n-1
		*/
		do {
			if (str_tmp)
				free(str_tmp);			
			if (fgetws(str_w, 2, stream) == NULL)
				goto cleanup;
			if ((str_tmp = utf16_to_utf8(str_w)) == NULL) {
				debug3("utf16_to_utf8 failed!");
				errno = ENOMEM;
				goto cleanup;
			}
			
			if((actual_read + strlen(str_tmp)) >= n)
				break;
			memcpy(cp, str_tmp, strlen(str_tmp));
			actual_read += strlen(str_tmp);
			cp += strlen(str_tmp);
			
		} while ((actual_read < n - 1) && *str_tmp != '\n');
		*cp = '\0';

		if (actual_read > n - 1) {
			/* shouldn't happen. but handling in case */
			debug3("actual_read %d exceeds the limit:%d", actual_read, n-1);
			errno = EINVAL;
			goto cleanup;
		}		
		ret = str;
	}
	else
		ret = fgets(str, n, stream);
cleanup:
	if (str_w)
		free(str_w);
	if (str_tmp)
		free(str_tmp);
	return ret;
}

/* Account for differences between Unix's and Windows versions of setvbuf */
int 
w32_setvbuf(FILE *stream, char *buffer, int mode, size_t size) {
	
	/* BUG: setvbuf on console stream interferes with Unicode I/O	*/
	HANDLE h = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(_fileno(stream));
	
	if (h != NULL && h != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE
	    && GetFileType(h) == FILE_TYPE_CHAR)
		return 0;

	/* BUG: setvbuf on file stream is interfering with w32_fopen */
	/* short circuit for now*/
	return 0;

	/*
	 * if size is 0, set no buffering. 
	 * Windows does not differentiate __IOLBF and _IOFBF
	 */
	if (size == 0)
		return setvbuf(stream, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
	else
		return setvbuf(stream, buffer, mode, size);
}

char *
w32_programdir()
{
	if (s_programdir != NULL)
		return s_programdir;

	if ((s_programdir = utf16_to_utf8(_wpgmptr)) == NULL)
		return NULL;

	/* null terminate after directory path */
	char* tail = s_programdir + strlen(s_programdir);
	while (tail > s_programdir && *tail != '\\' && *tail != '/')
		tail--;

	if (tail > s_programdir)
		*tail = '\0';
	else
		*tail = '.'; /* current directory */

	return s_programdir;
}

int
daemon(int nochdir, int noclose)
{
	FreeConsole();
	return 0;
}

int
w32_ioctl(int d, int request, ...)
{
	va_list valist;
	va_start(valist, request);

	switch (request) {
	case TIOCGWINSZ: {
		struct winsize* wsize = va_arg(valist, struct winsize*);
		CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO c_info;
		if (wsize == NULL || !GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), &c_info)) {
			errno = EINVAL;
			return -1;
		}

		wsize->ws_col = c_info.dwSize.X;
		wsize->ws_row = c_info.srWindow.Bottom - c_info.srWindow.Top + 1;
		wsize->ws_xpixel = 640;
		wsize->ws_ypixel = 480;

		return 0;
	}
	default:
		errno = ENOTSUP;
		return -1;
	}
}

void
strmode(mode_t mode, char *p)
{
	/* print type */
	switch (mode & S_IFMT) {
	case S_IFDIR:			/* directory */
		*p++ = 'd';
		break;
	case S_IFCHR:			/* character special */
		*p++ = 'c';
		break;
	case S_IFREG:			/* regular */
		*p++ = '-';
		break;
#ifdef S_IFSOCK
	case S_IFSOCK:			/* socket */
		*p++ = 's';
		break;
#endif
	case _S_IFIFO:			/* fifo */
		*p++ = 'p';
		break;
	default:			/* unknown */
		*p++ = '?';
		break;
	}

	/* The below code is commented as the group, other is not applicable on the windows.
	 * This will be properly fixed in next releases.
	 * As of now we are keeping "*" for everything.
	 */
	const char *permissions = "********* ";
	strncpy(p, permissions, strlen(permissions) + 1);
	p = p + strlen(p);
	/* //usr
	if (mode & S_IRUSR)
		*p++ = 'r';
	else
		*p++ = '-';
	if (mode & S_IWUSR)
		*p++ = 'w';
	else
		*p++ = '-';
	switch (mode & (S_IXUSR)) {
	case 0:
		*p++ = '-';
		break;
	case S_IXUSR:
		*p++ = 'x';
		break;
		//case S_ISUID:
		//		*p++ = 'S';
		//		break;
		//case S_IXUSR | S_ISUID:
		//		*p++ = 's';
		//		break;
	}
	// group
	if (mode & S_IRGRP)
		*p++ = 'r';
	else
		*p++ = '-';
	if (mode & S_IWGRP)
		*p++ = 'w';
	else
		*p++ = '-';
	switch (mode & (S_IXGRP)) {
	case 0:
		*p++ = '-';
		break;
	case S_IXGRP:
		*p++ = 'x';
		break;
		//case S_ISGID:
		//		*p++ = 'S';
		//		break;
		//case S_IXGRP | S_ISGID:
		//		*p++ = 's';
		//		break;
	}
	// other
	if (mode & S_IROTH)
		*p++ = 'r';
	else
		*p++ = '-';
	if (mode & S_IWOTH)
		*p++ = 'w';
	else
		*p++ = '-';
	switch (mode & (S_IXOTH)) {
	case 0:
		*p++ = '-';
		break;
	case S_IXOTH:
		*p++ = 'x';
		break;
	}
	*p++ = ' ';		//  will be a '+' if ACL's implemented */
	*p = '\0';
}

int
w32_chmod(const char *pathname, mode_t mode)
{
	int ret;
	wchar_t *resolvedPathName_utf16 = utf8_to_utf16(sanitized_path(pathname));
	if (resolvedPathName_utf16 == NULL) {
		errno = ENOMEM;
		return -1;
	}
	ret = _wchmod(resolvedPathName_utf16, mode);
	free(resolvedPathName_utf16);
	return ret;
}

int
w32_chown(const char *pathname, unsigned int owner, unsigned int group)
{
	/* TODO - implement this */
	errno = EOPNOTSUPP;
	return -1;
}

/* Convert a UNIX time into a Windows file time */
void
unix_time_to_file_time(ULONG t, LPFILETIME pft)
{
	ULONGLONG ull;
	ull = UInt32x32To64(t, RATE_DIFF) + EPOCH_DELTA_US;

	pft->dwLowDateTime = (DWORD)ull;
	pft->dwHighDateTime = (DWORD)(ull >> 32);
}

/* Convert a Windows file time into a UNIX time_t */
void
file_time_to_unix_time(const LPFILETIME pft, time_t * winTime)
{
	*winTime = ((long long)pft->dwHighDateTime << 32) + pft->dwLowDateTime;
	*winTime -= EPOCH_DELTA_US;
	*winTime /= RATE_DIFF;		 /* Nano to seconds resolution */
}

static BOOL
is_root_or_empty(wchar_t * path)
{
	wchar_t * path_start;
	BOOL has_drive_letter_and_colon;
	int len;
	if (!path) 
		return FALSE;
	len = wcslen(path);
	if((len > 1) && __ascii_iswalpha(path[0]) && path[1] == L':')
		path_start = path + 2;
	else
		path_start = path;
	/*path like  c:\, /, \ are root directory*/
	if ((*path_start == L'\0') || ((*path_start == L'\\' || *path_start == L'/' ) && path_start[1] == L'\0'))
		return TRUE;
	return FALSE;
}

static BOOL
has_executable_extension(wchar_t * path)
{
	wchar_t * last_dot;
	if (!path)
		return FALSE;

	last_dot = wcsrchr(path, L'.');
	if (!last_dot)
		return FALSE;
	if (_wcsnicmp(last_dot, L".exe", 4) != 0 && _wcsnicmp(last_dot, L".cmd", 4) != 0 &&
	_wcsnicmp(last_dot, L".bat", 4) != 0 && _wcsnicmp(last_dot, L".com", 4) != 0)
		return FALSE; 
	return TRUE;
}

int
file_attr_to_st_mode(wchar_t * path, DWORD attributes)
{
	int mode = S_IREAD;	
	if ((attributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) != 0 || is_root_or_empty(path))
		mode |= S_IFDIR | _S_IEXEC;
	else {
		mode |= S_IFREG;
		/* See if file appears to be an executable by checking its extension */
		if (has_executable_extension(path))
			mode |= _S_IEXEC;

	}
	if (!(attributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY))
		mode |= S_IWRITE;

	// propagate owner read/write/execute bits to group/other fields.
	mode |= (mode & 0700) >> 3;
	mode |= (mode & 0700) >> 6;
	return mode;
}

static int
settimes(wchar_t * path, FILETIME *cretime, FILETIME *acttime, FILETIME *modtime)
{
	HANDLE handle;
	handle = CreateFileW(path, GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
		NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, NULL);

	if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
		/* TODO - convert Win32 error to errno */
		errno = GetLastError();
		debug3("w32_settimes - CreateFileW ERROR:%d", errno);
		return -1;
	}

	if (SetFileTime(handle, cretime, acttime, modtime) == 0) {
		errno = GetLastError();
		debug3("w32_settimes - SetFileTime ERROR:%d", errno);
		CloseHandle(handle);
		return -1;
	}

	CloseHandle(handle);
	return 0;
}

int
w32_utimes(const char *filename, struct timeval *tvp)
{
	int ret;
	FILETIME acttime, modtime;
	wchar_t *resolvedPathName_utf16 = utf8_to_utf16(sanitized_path(filename));
	if (resolvedPathName_utf16 == NULL) {
		errno = ENOMEM;
		return -1;
	}
	memset(&acttime, 0, sizeof(FILETIME));
	memset(&modtime, 0, sizeof(FILETIME));

	unix_time_to_file_time((ULONG)tvp[0].tv_sec, &acttime);
	unix_time_to_file_time((ULONG)tvp[1].tv_sec, &modtime);
	ret = settimes(resolvedPathName_utf16, NULL, &acttime, &modtime);
	free(resolvedPathName_utf16);
	return ret;
}

int
w32_symlink(const char *target, const char *linkpath)
{
	/* Not supported in windows */
	errno = EOPNOTSUPP;
	return -1;
}

int
link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
{
	/* Not supported in windows */
	errno = EOPNOTSUPP;
	return -1;
}

int
w32_rename(const char *old_name, const char *new_name)
{
	wchar_t *resolvedOldPathName_utf16 = utf8_to_utf16(sanitized_path(old_name));
	wchar_t *resolvedNewPathName_utf16 = utf8_to_utf16(sanitized_path(new_name));

	if (NULL == resolvedOldPathName_utf16 || NULL == resolvedNewPathName_utf16) {
		errno = ENOMEM;
		return -1;
	}

	/*
	 * To be consistent with linux rename(),
	 * 1) if the new_name is file, then delete it so that _wrename will succeed.
	 * 2) if the new_name is directory and it is empty then delete it so that _wrename will succeed.
	 */
	struct _stat64 st;
	if (fileio_stat(sanitized_path(new_name), &st) != -1) {
		if (((st.st_mode & _S_IFMT) == _S_IFREG))
			w32_unlink(new_name);
		else {
			DIR *dirp = opendir(new_name);
			if (NULL != dirp) {
				struct dirent *dp = readdir(dirp);
				closedir(dirp);

				if (dp == NULL)
					w32_rmdir(new_name);
			}
		}
	}

	int returnStatus = _wrename(resolvedOldPathName_utf16, resolvedNewPathName_utf16);
	free(resolvedOldPathName_utf16);
	free(resolvedNewPathName_utf16);

	return returnStatus;
}

int
w32_unlink(const char *path)
{
	wchar_t *resolvedPathName_utf16 = utf8_to_utf16(sanitized_path(path));
	if (NULL == resolvedPathName_utf16) {
		errno = ENOMEM;
		return -1;
	}

	int returnStatus = _wunlink(resolvedPathName_utf16);
	free(resolvedPathName_utf16);

	return returnStatus;
}

int
w32_rmdir(const char *path)
{
	wchar_t *resolvedPathName_utf16 = utf8_to_utf16(sanitized_path(path));
	if (NULL == resolvedPathName_utf16) {
		errno = ENOMEM;
		return -1;
	}

	int returnStatus = _wrmdir(resolvedPathName_utf16);
	free(resolvedPathName_utf16);

	return returnStatus;
}

int
w32_chdir(const char *dirname_utf8)
{
	wchar_t *dirname_utf16 = utf8_to_utf16(dirname_utf8);
	if (dirname_utf16 == NULL) {
		errno = ENOMEM;
		return -1;
	}

	int returnStatus = _wchdir(dirname_utf16);
	free(dirname_utf16);

	return returnStatus;
}

char *
w32_getcwd(char *buffer, int maxlen)
{
	if(!buffer) return NULL;

	wchar_t wdirname[PATH_MAX];
	char* putf8 = NULL;

	_wgetcwd(&wdirname[0], PATH_MAX);

	if ((putf8 = utf16_to_utf8(&wdirname[0])) == NULL)
		fatal("failed to convert input arguments");
	strcpy(buffer, putf8);
	free(putf8);

	return buffer;
}

int
w32_mkdir(const char *path_utf8, unsigned short mode)
{
	wchar_t *path_utf16 = utf8_to_utf16(sanitized_path(path_utf8));
	if (path_utf16 == NULL) {
		errno = ENOMEM;
		return -1;
	}
	int returnStatus = _wmkdir(path_utf16);
	if (returnStatus < 0) {
		free(path_utf16);
		return -1;
	}

	mode_t curmask = _umask(0);
	_umask(curmask);

	returnStatus = _wchmod(path_utf16, mode & ~curmask & (_S_IREAD | _S_IWRITE));
	free(path_utf16);

	return returnStatus;
}

int
w32_stat(const char *path, struct w32_stat *buf)
{
	return fileio_stat(sanitized_path(path), (struct _stat64*)buf);
}

/* if file is symbolic link, copy its link into "link" */
int
readlink(const char *path, char *link, int linklen)
{
	strcpy_s(link, linklen, sanitized_path(path));
	return 0;
}

/* convert forward slash to back slash */
void
convertToBackslash(char *str)
{
	while (*str) {
		if (*str == '/')
			*str = '\\';
		str++;
	}
}

/* convert back slash to forward slash */
void
convertToForwardslash(char *str)
{
	while (*str) {
		if (*str == '\\')
			*str = '/';
		str++;
	}
}

/*
 * This method will resolves references to /./, /../ and extra '/' characters in the null-terminated string named by
 *  path to produce a canonicalized absolute pathname.
 */
char *
realpath(const char *path, char resolved[PATH_MAX])
{
	if (!path || !resolved) return NULL;

	char tempPath[PATH_MAX];

	if ((path[0] == '/') && path[1] && (path[2] == ':'))
		strncpy(resolved, path + 1, strlen(path)); /* skip the first '/' */
	else
		strncpy(resolved, path, strlen(path) + 1);

	if ((resolved[0]) && (resolved[1] == ':') && (resolved[2] == '\0')) { /* make "x:" as "x:\\" */
		resolved[2] = '\\';
		resolved[3] = '\0';
	}

	if (_fullpath(tempPath, resolved, PATH_MAX) == NULL)
		return NULL;

	convertToForwardslash(tempPath);

	resolved[0] = '/'; /* will be our first slash in /x:/users/test1 format */
	strncpy(resolved + 1, tempPath, sizeof(tempPath) - 1);
	return resolved;
}

char*
sanitized_path(const char *path)
{
	if(!path) return NULL;

	static char newPath[PATH_MAX] = { '\0', };

	if (path[0] == '/' && path[1]) {
		if (path[2] == ':') {
			if (path[3] == '\0') { /* make "/x:" as "x:\\" */
				strncpy(newPath, path + 1, strlen(path) - 1);
				newPath[2] = '\\';
				newPath[3] = '\0';

				return newPath;
			} else
				return (char *)(path + 1); /* skip the first "/" */
		}
	}

	return (char *)path;
}


BOOL
ResolveLink(wchar_t * tLink, wchar_t *ret, DWORD * plen, DWORD Flags)
{
	HANDLE fileHandle;
	BYTE reparseBuffer[MAX_REPARSE_SIZE];
	PBYTE reparseData;
	PREPARSE_GUID_DATA_BUFFER reparseInfo = (PREPARSE_GUID_DATA_BUFFER)reparseBuffer;
	PREPARSE_DATA_BUFFER msReparseInfo = (PREPARSE_DATA_BUFFER)reparseBuffer;
	DWORD   returnedLength;

	if (Flags & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
		fileHandle = CreateFileW(tLink, 0,
			FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL,
			OPEN_EXISTING,
			FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS | FILE_FLAG_OPEN_REPARSE_POINT, 0);

	} else {
		/* Open the file */
		fileHandle = CreateFileW(tLink, 0,
			FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL,
			OPEN_EXISTING,
			FILE_FLAG_OPEN_REPARSE_POINT, 0);
	}

	if (fileHandle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)	{
		swprintf_s(ret, *plen, L"%ls", tLink);
		return TRUE;
	}

	if (GetFileAttributesW(tLink) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) {
		if (DeviceIoControl(fileHandle, FSCTL_GET_REPARSE_POINT,
			NULL, 0, reparseInfo, sizeof(reparseBuffer),
			&returnedLength, NULL)) {
			if (IsReparseTagMicrosoft(reparseInfo->ReparseTag)) {
				switch (reparseInfo->ReparseTag) {
				case 0x80000000 | IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMBOLIC_LINK:
				case IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT:
					if (*plen >= msReparseInfo->MountPointReparseBuffer.SubstituteNameLength) {
						reparseData = (PBYTE)&msReparseInfo->SymbolicLinkReparseBuffer.PathBuffer;
						WCHAR temp[1024];
						wcsncpy_s(temp, 1024,
							(PWCHAR)(reparseData + msReparseInfo->MountPointReparseBuffer.SubstituteNameOffset),
							(size_t)msReparseInfo->MountPointReparseBuffer.SubstituteNameLength);
						temp[msReparseInfo->MountPointReparseBuffer.SubstituteNameLength] = 0;
						swprintf_s(ret, *plen, L"%ls", &temp[4]);
					} else {
						swprintf_s(ret, *plen, L"%ls", tLink);
						return FALSE;
					}

					break;
				default:
					break;
				}
			}
		}
	} else
		swprintf_s(ret, *plen, L"%ls", tLink);

	CloseHandle(fileHandle);
	return TRUE;
}

int
statvfs(const char *path, struct statvfs *buf)
{
	DWORD sectorsPerCluster;
	DWORD bytesPerSector;
	DWORD freeClusters;
	DWORD totalClusters;

	wchar_t* path_utf16 = utf8_to_utf16(sanitized_path(path));
	if (path_utf16 && (GetDiskFreeSpaceW(path_utf16, &sectorsPerCluster, &bytesPerSector,
	    &freeClusters, &totalClusters) == TRUE)) {
		debug5("path              : [%s]", path);
		debug5("sectorsPerCluster : [%lu]", sectorsPerCluster);
		debug5("bytesPerSector    : [%lu]", bytesPerSector);
		debug5("bytesPerCluster   : [%lu]", sectorsPerCluster * bytesPerSector);
		debug5("freeClusters      : [%lu]", freeClusters);
		debug5("totalClusters     : [%lu]", totalClusters);

		buf->f_bsize = sectorsPerCluster * bytesPerSector;
		buf->f_frsize = sectorsPerCluster * bytesPerSector;
		buf->f_blocks = totalClusters;
		buf->f_bfree = freeClusters;
		buf->f_bavail = freeClusters;
		buf->f_files = -1;
		buf->f_ffree = -1;
		buf->f_favail = -1;
		buf->f_fsid = 0;
		buf->f_flag = 0;
		buf->f_namemax = PATH_MAX - 1;

		free(path_utf16);
		return 0;
	} else {
		debug5("ERROR: Cannot get free space for [%s]. Error code is : %d.\n", path, GetLastError());

		free(path_utf16);
		return -1;
	}
}

int
fstatvfs(int fd, struct statvfs *buf)
{
	errno = ENOTSUP;
	return -1;
}

char *
w32_strerror(int errnum)
{
	if (errnum >= EADDRINUSE  && errnum <= EWOULDBLOCK)
		return _sys_errlist_ext[errnum - EADDRINUSE];
	return strerror(errnum);
}
/* 
 * Temporary implementation of readpassphrase. 
 * TODO - this needs to be reimplemented as per 
 * https://linux.die.net/man/3/readpassphrase
 */
char * 
readpassphrase(const char *prompt, char *out, size_t out_len, int flags) {
	char *askpass = NULL;
	char *ret = NULL;

	DWORD mode;
	size_t len = 0;
	int retr = 0;

	/* prompt user */
	wchar_t* wtmp = utf8_to_utf16(prompt);
	if (wtmp == NULL)
		fatal("unable to alloc memory");
	_cputws(wtmp);
	free(wtmp);

	len = retr = 0;

	while (_kbhit())
		_getch();

	while (len < out_len) {
		out[len] = (unsigned char)_getch();

		if (out[len] == '\r') {
			if (_kbhit()) /* read linefeed if its there */
				_getch();
			break;
		}
		else if (out[len] == '\n') {
			break;
		}
		else if (out[len] == '\b') { /* backspace */
			if (len > 0)
				len--; /* overwrite last character */
		}
		else if (out[len] == '\003') {
			/* exit on Ctrl+C */
			fatal("");
		}
		else {
			len++; /* keep reading in the loop */
		}
	}

	out[len] = '\0'; /* get rid of the cr/lf */
	_cputs("\n"); /*show a newline as we do not echo password or the line */

	return out;
}