openssh-portable/sftp-client.c

/* $OpenBSD: sftp-client.c,v 1.161 2022/01/17 21:41:04 djm Exp $ */
/*
 * Copyright (c) 2001-2004 Damien Miller <djm@openbsd.org>
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
 * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
 * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
 * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
 * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
 * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 */

/* XXX: memleaks */
/* XXX: signed vs unsigned */
/* XXX: remove all logging, only return status codes */
/* XXX: copy between two remote sites */

#include "includes.h"

#include <sys/types.h>
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_STATVFS_H
#include <sys/statvfs.h>
#endif
#include "openbsd-compat/sys-queue.h"
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
# include <sys/stat.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TIME_H
# include <sys/time.h>
#endif
#include <sys/uio.h>

#include <dirent.h>
#include <errno.h>
#ifdef HAVE_POLL_H
#include <poll.h>
#else
# ifdef HAVE_SYS_POLL_H
#  include <sys/poll.h>
# endif
#endif
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "xmalloc.h"
#include "ssherr.h"
#include "sshbuf.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "atomicio.h"
#include "progressmeter.h"
#include "misc.h"
#include "utf8.h"

#include "sftp.h"
#include "sftp-common.h"
#include "sftp-client.h"

extern volatile sig_atomic_t interrupted;
extern int showprogress;

/* Default size of buffer for up/download */
#define DEFAULT_COPY_BUFLEN	32768

/* Default number of concurrent outstanding requests */
#define DEFAULT_NUM_REQUESTS	64

/* Minimum amount of data to read at a time */
#define MIN_READ_SIZE	512

/* Maximum depth to descend in directory trees */
#define MAX_DIR_DEPTH 64

/* Directory separator characters */
#ifdef HAVE_CYGWIN
# define SFTP_DIRECTORY_CHARS      "/\\"
#else /* HAVE_CYGWIN */
# define SFTP_DIRECTORY_CHARS      "/"
#endif /* HAVE_CYGWIN */

struct sftp_conn {
	int fd_in;
	int fd_out;
	u_int download_buflen;
	u_int upload_buflen;
	u_int num_requests;
	u_int version;
	u_int msg_id;
#define SFTP_EXT_POSIX_RENAME	0x00000001
#define SFTP_EXT_STATVFS	0x00000002
#define SFTP_EXT_FSTATVFS	0x00000004
#define SFTP_EXT_HARDLINK	0x00000008
#define SFTP_EXT_FSYNC		0x00000010
#define SFTP_EXT_LSETSTAT	0x00000020
#define SFTP_EXT_LIMITS		0x00000040
#define SFTP_EXT_PATH_EXPAND	0x00000080
	u_int exts;
	u_int64_t limit_kbps;
	struct bwlimit bwlimit_in, bwlimit_out;
};

/* Tracks in-progress requests during file transfers */
struct request {
	u_int id;
	size_t len;
	u_int64_t offset;
	TAILQ_ENTRY(request) tq;
};
TAILQ_HEAD(requests, request);

static u_char *
get_handle(struct sftp_conn *conn, u_int expected_id, size_t *len,
    const char *errfmt, ...) __attribute__((format(printf, 4, 5)));

static struct request *
request_enqueue(struct requests *requests, u_int id, size_t len,
    uint64_t offset)
{
	struct request *req;

	req = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*req));
	req->id = id;
	req->len = len;
	req->offset = offset;
	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(requests, req, tq);
	return req;
}

static struct request *
request_find(struct requests *requests, u_int id)
{
	struct request *req;

	for (req = TAILQ_FIRST(requests);
	    req != NULL && req->id != id;
	    req = TAILQ_NEXT(req, tq))
		;
	return req;
}

/* ARGSUSED */
static int
sftpio(void *_bwlimit, size_t amount)
{
	struct bwlimit *bwlimit = (struct bwlimit *)_bwlimit;

	refresh_progress_meter(0);
	if (bwlimit != NULL)
		bandwidth_limit(bwlimit, amount);
	return 0;
}

static void
send_msg(struct sftp_conn *conn, struct sshbuf *m)
{
	u_char mlen[4];
	struct iovec iov[2];

	if (sshbuf_len(m) > SFTP_MAX_MSG_LENGTH)
		fatal("Outbound message too long %zu", sshbuf_len(m));

	/* Send length first */
	put_u32(mlen, sshbuf_len(m));
	iov[0].iov_base = mlen;
	iov[0].iov_len = sizeof(mlen);
	iov[1].iov_base = (u_char *)sshbuf_ptr(m);
	iov[1].iov_len = sshbuf_len(m);

	if (atomiciov6(writev, conn->fd_out, iov, 2, sftpio,
	    conn->limit_kbps > 0 ? &conn->bwlimit_out : NULL) !=
	    sshbuf_len(m) + sizeof(mlen))
		fatal("Couldn't send packet: %s", strerror(errno));

	sshbuf_reset(m);
}

static void
get_msg_extended(struct sftp_conn *conn, struct sshbuf *m, int initial)
{
	u_int msg_len;
	u_char *p;
	int r;

	sshbuf_reset(m);
	if ((r = sshbuf_reserve(m, 4, &p)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "reserve");
	if (atomicio6(read, conn->fd_in, p, 4, sftpio,
	    conn->limit_kbps > 0 ? &conn->bwlimit_in : NULL) != 4) {
		if (errno == EPIPE || errno == ECONNRESET)
			fatal("Connection closed");
		else
			fatal("Couldn't read packet: %s", strerror(errno));
	}

	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(m, &msg_len)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "sshbuf_get_u32");
	if (msg_len > SFTP_MAX_MSG_LENGTH) {
		do_log2(initial ? SYSLOG_LEVEL_ERROR : SYSLOG_LEVEL_FATAL,
		    "Received message too long %u", msg_len);
		fatal("Ensure the remote shell produces no output "
		    "for non-interactive sessions.");
	}

	if ((r = sshbuf_reserve(m, msg_len, &p)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "reserve");
	if (atomicio6(read, conn->fd_in, p, msg_len, sftpio,
	    conn->limit_kbps > 0 ? &conn->bwlimit_in : NULL)
	    != msg_len) {
		if (errno == EPIPE)
			fatal("Connection closed");
		else
			fatal("Read packet: %s", strerror(errno));
	}
}

static void
get_msg(struct sftp_conn *conn, struct sshbuf *m)
{
	get_msg_extended(conn, m, 0);
}

static void
send_string_request(struct sftp_conn *conn, u_int id, u_int code, const char *s,
    u_int len)
{
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	int r;

	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, code)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, id)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(msg, s, len)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "compose");
	send_msg(conn, msg);
	debug3("Sent message fd %d T:%u I:%u", conn->fd_out, code, id);
	sshbuf_free(msg);
}

static void
send_string_attrs_request(struct sftp_conn *conn, u_int id, u_int code,
    const void *s, u_int len, Attrib *a)
{
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	int r;

	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, code)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, id)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(msg, s, len)) != 0 ||
	    (r = encode_attrib(msg, a)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "compose");
	send_msg(conn, msg);
	debug3("Sent message fd %d T:%u I:%u F:0x%04x M:%05o",
	    conn->fd_out, code, id, a->flags, a->perm);
	sshbuf_free(msg);
}

static u_int
get_status(struct sftp_conn *conn, u_int expected_id)
{
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	u_char type;
	u_int id, status;
	int r;

	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
	get_msg(conn, msg);
	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &id)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "compose");

	if (id != expected_id)
		fatal("ID mismatch (%u != %u)", id, expected_id);
	if (type != SSH2_FXP_STATUS)
		fatal("Expected SSH2_FXP_STATUS(%u) packet, got %u",
		    SSH2_FXP_STATUS, type);

	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &status)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "parse");
	sshbuf_free(msg);

	debug3("SSH2_FXP_STATUS %u", status);

	return status;
}

static u_char *
get_handle(struct sftp_conn *conn, u_int expected_id, size_t *len,
    const char *errfmt, ...)
{
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	u_int id, status;
	u_char type;
	u_char *handle;
	char errmsg[256];
	va_list args;
	int r;

	va_start(args, errfmt);
	if (errfmt != NULL)
		vsnprintf(errmsg, sizeof(errmsg), errfmt, args);
	va_end(args);

	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
	get_msg(conn, msg);
	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &id)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "parse");

	if (id != expected_id)
		fatal("%s: ID mismatch (%u != %u)",
		    errfmt == NULL ? __func__ : errmsg, id, expected_id);
	if (type == SSH2_FXP_STATUS) {
		if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &status)) != 0)
			fatal_fr(r, "parse status");
		if (errfmt != NULL)
			error("%s: %s", errmsg, fx2txt(status));
		sshbuf_free(msg);
		return(NULL);
	} else if (type != SSH2_FXP_HANDLE)
		fatal("%s: Expected SSH2_FXP_HANDLE(%u) packet, got %u",
		    errfmt == NULL ? __func__ : errmsg, SSH2_FXP_HANDLE, type);

	if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(msg, &handle, len)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "parse handle");
	sshbuf_free(msg);

	return handle;
}

/* XXX returning &static is error-prone. Refactor to fill *Attrib argument */
static Attrib *
get_decode_stat(struct sftp_conn *conn, u_int expected_id, int quiet)
{
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	u_int id;
	u_char type;
	int r;
	static Attrib a;

	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
	get_msg(conn, msg);

	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &id)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "parse");

	if (id != expected_id)
		fatal("ID mismatch (%u != %u)", id, expected_id);
	if (type == SSH2_FXP_STATUS) {
		u_int status;

		if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &status)) != 0)
			fatal_fr(r, "parse status");
		if (quiet)
			debug("stat remote: %s", fx2txt(status));
		else
			error("stat remote: %s", fx2txt(status));
		sshbuf_free(msg);
		return(NULL);
	} else if (type != SSH2_FXP_ATTRS) {
		fatal("Expected SSH2_FXP_ATTRS(%u) packet, got %u",
		    SSH2_FXP_ATTRS, type);
	}
	if ((r = decode_attrib(msg, &a)) != 0) {
		error_fr(r, "decode_attrib");
		sshbuf_free(msg);
		return NULL;
	}
	debug3("Received stat reply T:%u I:%u F:0x%04x M:%05o",
	    type, id, a.flags, a.perm);
	sshbuf_free(msg);

	return &a;
}

static int
get_decode_statvfs(struct sftp_conn *conn, struct sftp_statvfs *st,
    u_int expected_id, int quiet)
{
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	u_char type;
	u_int id;
	u_int64_t flag;
	int r;

	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
	get_msg(conn, msg);

	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &id)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "parse");

	debug3("Received statvfs reply T:%u I:%u", type, id);
	if (id != expected_id)
		fatal("ID mismatch (%u != %u)", id, expected_id);
	if (type == SSH2_FXP_STATUS) {
		u_int status;

		if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &status)) != 0)
			fatal_fr(r, "parse status");
		if (quiet)
			debug("remote statvfs: %s", fx2txt(status));
		else
			error("remote statvfs: %s", fx2txt(status));
		sshbuf_free(msg);
		return -1;
	} else if (type != SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED_REPLY) {
		fatal("Expected SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED_REPLY(%u) packet, got %u",
		    SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED_REPLY, type);
	}

	memset(st, 0, sizeof(*st));
	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u64(msg, &st->f_bsize)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_u64(msg, &st->f_frsize)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_u64(msg, &st->f_blocks)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_u64(msg, &st->f_bfree)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_u64(msg, &st->f_bavail)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_u64(msg, &st->f_files)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_u64(msg, &st->f_ffree)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_u64(msg, &st->f_favail)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_u64(msg, &st->f_fsid)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_u64(msg, &flag)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_u64(msg, &st->f_namemax)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "parse statvfs");

	st->f_flag = (flag & SSH2_FXE_STATVFS_ST_RDONLY) ? ST_RDONLY : 0;
	st->f_flag |= (flag & SSH2_FXE_STATVFS_ST_NOSUID) ? ST_NOSUID : 0;

	sshbuf_free(msg);

	return 0;
}

struct sftp_conn *
do_init(int fd_in, int fd_out, u_int transfer_buflen, u_int num_requests,
    u_int64_t limit_kbps)
{
	u_char type;
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	struct sftp_conn *ret;
	int r;

	ret = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ret));
	ret->msg_id = 1;
	ret->fd_in = fd_in;
	ret->fd_out = fd_out;
	ret->download_buflen = ret->upload_buflen =
	    transfer_buflen ? transfer_buflen : DEFAULT_COPY_BUFLEN;
	ret->num_requests =
	    num_requests ? num_requests : DEFAULT_NUM_REQUESTS;
	ret->exts = 0;
	ret->limit_kbps = 0;

	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_FXP_INIT)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, SSH2_FILEXFER_VERSION)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "parse");

	send_msg(ret, msg);

	get_msg_extended(ret, msg, 1);

	/* Expecting a VERSION reply */
	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "parse type");
	if (type != SSH2_FXP_VERSION) {
		error("Invalid packet back from SSH2_FXP_INIT (type %u)",
		    type);
		sshbuf_free(msg);
		free(ret);
		return(NULL);
	}
	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &ret->version)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "parse version");

	debug2("Remote version: %u", ret->version);

	/* Check for extensions */
	while (sshbuf_len(msg) > 0) {
		char *name;
		u_char *value;
		size_t vlen;
		int known = 0;

		if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(msg, &name, NULL)) != 0 ||
		    (r = sshbuf_get_string(msg, &value, &vlen)) != 0)
			fatal_fr(r, "parse extension");
		if (strcmp(name, "posix-rename@openssh.com") == 0 &&
		    strcmp((char *)value, "1") == 0) {
			ret->exts |= SFTP_EXT_POSIX_RENAME;
			known = 1;
		} else if (strcmp(name, "statvfs@openssh.com") == 0 &&
		    strcmp((char *)value, "2") == 0) {
			ret->exts |= SFTP_EXT_STATVFS;
			known = 1;
		} else if (strcmp(name, "fstatvfs@openssh.com") == 0 &&
		    strcmp((char *)value, "2") == 0) {
			ret->exts |= SFTP_EXT_FSTATVFS;
			known = 1;
		} else if (strcmp(name, "hardlink@openssh.com") == 0 &&
		    strcmp((char *)value, "1") == 0) {
			ret->exts |= SFTP_EXT_HARDLINK;
			known = 1;
		} else if (strcmp(name, "fsync@openssh.com") == 0 &&
		    strcmp((char *)value, "1") == 0) {
			ret->exts |= SFTP_EXT_FSYNC;
			known = 1;
		} else if (strcmp(name, "lsetstat@openssh.com") == 0 &&
		    strcmp((char *)value, "1") == 0) {
			ret->exts |= SFTP_EXT_LSETSTAT;
			known = 1;
		} else if (strcmp(name, "limits@openssh.com") == 0 &&
		    strcmp((char *)value, "1") == 0) {
			ret->exts |= SFTP_EXT_LIMITS;
			known = 1;
		} else if (strcmp(name, "expand-path@openssh.com") == 0 &&
		    strcmp((char *)value, "1") == 0) {
			ret->exts |= SFTP_EXT_PATH_EXPAND;
			known = 1;
		}
		if (known) {
			debug2("Server supports extension \"%s\" revision %s",
			    name, value);
		} else {
			debug2("Unrecognised server extension \"%s\"", name);
		}
		free(name);
		free(value);
	}

	sshbuf_free(msg);

	/* Query the server for its limits */
	if (ret->exts & SFTP_EXT_LIMITS) {
		struct sftp_limits limits;
		if (do_limits(ret, &limits) != 0)
			fatal_f("limits failed");

		/* If the caller did not specify, find a good value */
		if (transfer_buflen == 0) {
			ret->download_buflen = limits.read_length;
			ret->upload_buflen = limits.write_length;
			debug("Using server download size %u", ret->download_buflen);
			debug("Using server upload size %u", ret->upload_buflen);
		}

		/* Use the server limit to scale down our value only */
		if (num_requests == 0 && limits.open_handles) {
			ret->num_requests =
			    MINIMUM(DEFAULT_NUM_REQUESTS, limits.open_handles);
			debug("Server handle limit %llu; using %u",
			    (unsigned long long)limits.open_handles,
			    ret->num_requests);
		}
	}

	/* Some filexfer v.0 servers don't support large packets */
	if (ret->version == 0) {
		ret->download_buflen = MINIMUM(ret->download_buflen, 20480);
		ret->upload_buflen = MINIMUM(ret->upload_buflen, 20480);
	}

	ret->limit_kbps = limit_kbps;
	if (ret->limit_kbps > 0) {
		bandwidth_limit_init(&ret->bwlimit_in, ret->limit_kbps,
		    ret->download_buflen);
		bandwidth_limit_init(&ret->bwlimit_out, ret->limit_kbps,
		    ret->upload_buflen);
	}

	return ret;
}

u_int
sftp_proto_version(struct sftp_conn *conn)
{
	return conn->version;
}

int
do_limits(struct sftp_conn *conn, struct sftp_limits *limits)
{
	u_int id, msg_id;
	u_char type;
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	int r;

	if ((conn->exts & SFTP_EXT_LIMITS) == 0) {
		error("Server does not support limits@openssh.com extension");
		return -1;
	}

	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");

	id = conn->msg_id++;
	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, id)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, "limits@openssh.com")) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "compose");
	send_msg(conn, msg);
	debug3("Sent message limits@openssh.com I:%u", id);

	get_msg(conn, msg);

	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &msg_id)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "parse");

	debug3("Received limits reply T:%u I:%u", type, msg_id);
	if (id != msg_id)
		fatal("ID mismatch (%u != %u)", msg_id, id);
	if (type != SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED_REPLY) {
		debug_f("expected SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED_REPLY(%u) packet, got %u",
		    SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED_REPLY, type);
		/* Disable the limits extension */
		conn->exts &= ~SFTP_EXT_LIMITS;
		sshbuf_free(msg);
		return 0;
	}

	memset(limits, 0, sizeof(*limits));
	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u64(msg, &limits->packet_length)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_u64(msg, &limits->read_length)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_u64(msg, &limits->write_length)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_u64(msg, &limits->open_handles)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "parse limits");

	sshbuf_free(msg);

	return 0;
}

int
do_close(struct sftp_conn *conn, const u_char *handle, u_int handle_len)
{
	u_int id, status;
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	int r;

	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");

	id = conn->msg_id++;
	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_FXP_CLOSE)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, id)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(msg, handle, handle_len)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "parse");
	send_msg(conn, msg);
	debug3("Sent message SSH2_FXP_CLOSE I:%u", id);

	status = get_status(conn, id);
	if (status != SSH2_FX_OK)
		error("close remote: %s", fx2txt(status));

	sshbuf_free(msg);

	return status == SSH2_FX_OK ? 0 : -1;
}


static int
do_lsreaddir(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path, int print_flag,
    SFTP_DIRENT ***dir)
{
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	u_int count, id, i, expected_id, ents = 0;
	size_t handle_len;
	u_char type, *handle;
	int status = SSH2_FX_FAILURE;
	int r;

	if (dir)
		*dir = NULL;

	id = conn->msg_id++;

	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_FXP_OPENDIR)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, id)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, path)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "compose OPENDIR");
	send_msg(conn, msg);

	handle = get_handle(conn, id, &handle_len,
	    "remote readdir(\"%s\")", path);
	if (handle == NULL) {
		sshbuf_free(msg);
		return -1;
	}

	if (dir) {
		ents = 0;
		*dir = xcalloc(1, sizeof(**dir));
		(*dir)[0] = NULL;
	}

	for (; !interrupted;) {
		id = expected_id = conn->msg_id++;

		debug3("Sending SSH2_FXP_READDIR I:%u", id);

		sshbuf_reset(msg);
		if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_FXP_READDIR)) != 0 ||
		    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, id)) != 0 ||
		    (r = sshbuf_put_string(msg, handle, handle_len)) != 0)
			fatal_fr(r, "compose READDIR");
		send_msg(conn, msg);

		sshbuf_reset(msg);

		get_msg(conn, msg);

		if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0 ||
		    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &id)) != 0)
			fatal_fr(r, "parse");

		debug3("Received reply T:%u I:%u", type, id);

		if (id != expected_id)
			fatal("ID mismatch (%u != %u)", id, expected_id);

		if (type == SSH2_FXP_STATUS) {
			u_int rstatus;

			if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &rstatus)) != 0)
				fatal_fr(r, "parse status");
			debug3("Received SSH2_FXP_STATUS %d", rstatus);
			if (rstatus == SSH2_FX_EOF)
				break;
			error("Couldn't read directory: %s", fx2txt(rstatus));
			goto out;
		} else if (type != SSH2_FXP_NAME)
			fatal("Expected SSH2_FXP_NAME(%u) packet, got %u",
			    SSH2_FXP_NAME, type);

		if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &count)) != 0)
			fatal_fr(r, "parse count");
		if (count > SSHBUF_SIZE_MAX)
			fatal_f("nonsensical number of entries");
		if (count == 0)
			break;
		debug3("Received %d SSH2_FXP_NAME responses", count);
		for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
			char *filename, *longname;
			Attrib a;

			if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(msg, &filename,
			    NULL)) != 0 ||
			    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(msg, &longname,
			    NULL)) != 0)
				fatal_fr(r, "parse filenames");
			if ((r = decode_attrib(msg, &a)) != 0) {
				error_fr(r, "couldn't decode attrib");
				free(filename);
				free(longname);
				goto out;
			}

			if (print_flag)
				mprintf("%s\n", longname);

			/*
			 * Directory entries should never contain '/'
			 * These can be used to attack recursive ops
			 * (e.g. send '../../../../etc/passwd')
			 */
			if (strpbrk(filename, SFTP_DIRECTORY_CHARS) != NULL) {
				error("Server sent suspect path \"%s\" "
				    "during readdir of \"%s\"", filename, path);
			} else if (dir) {
				*dir = xreallocarray(*dir, ents + 2, sizeof(**dir));
				(*dir)[ents] = xcalloc(1, sizeof(***dir));
				(*dir)[ents]->filename = xstrdup(filename);
				(*dir)[ents]->longname = xstrdup(longname);
				memcpy(&(*dir)[ents]->a, &a, sizeof(a));
				(*dir)[++ents] = NULL;
			}
			free(filename);
			free(longname);
		}
	}
	status = 0;

 out:
	sshbuf_free(msg);
	do_close(conn, handle, handle_len);
	free(handle);

	if (status != 0 && dir != NULL) {
		/* Don't return results on error */
		free_sftp_dirents(*dir);
		*dir = NULL;
	} else if (interrupted && dir != NULL && *dir != NULL) {
		/* Don't return partial matches on interrupt */
		free_sftp_dirents(*dir);
		*dir = xcalloc(1, sizeof(**dir));
		**dir = NULL;
	}

	return status == SSH2_FX_OK ? 0 : -1;
}

int
do_readdir(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path, SFTP_DIRENT ***dir)
{
	return(do_lsreaddir(conn, path, 0, dir));
}

void free_sftp_dirents(SFTP_DIRENT **s)
{
	int i;

	if (s == NULL)
		return;
	for (i = 0; s[i]; i++) {
		free(s[i]->filename);
		free(s[i]->longname);
		free(s[i]);
	}
	free(s);
}

int
do_rm(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path)
{
	u_int status, id;

	debug2("Sending SSH2_FXP_REMOVE \"%s\"", path);

	id = conn->msg_id++;
	send_string_request(conn, id, SSH2_FXP_REMOVE, path, strlen(path));
	status = get_status(conn, id);
	if (status != SSH2_FX_OK)
		error("remote delete %s: %s", path, fx2txt(status));
	return status == SSH2_FX_OK ? 0 : -1;
}

int
do_mkdir(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path, Attrib *a, int print_flag)
{
	u_int status, id;

	debug2("Sending SSH2_FXP_MKDIR \"%s\"", path);

	id = conn->msg_id++;
	send_string_attrs_request(conn, id, SSH2_FXP_MKDIR, path,
	    strlen(path), a);

	status = get_status(conn, id);
	if (status != SSH2_FX_OK && print_flag)
		error("remote mkdir \"%s\": %s", path, fx2txt(status));

	return status == SSH2_FX_OK ? 0 : -1;
}

int
do_rmdir(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path)
{
	u_int status, id;

	debug2("Sending SSH2_FXP_RMDIR \"%s\"", path);

	id = conn->msg_id++;
	send_string_request(conn, id, SSH2_FXP_RMDIR, path,
	    strlen(path));

	status = get_status(conn, id);
	if (status != SSH2_FX_OK)
		error("remote rmdir \"%s\": %s", path, fx2txt(status));

	return status == SSH2_FX_OK ? 0 : -1;
}

Attrib *
do_stat(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path, int quiet)
{
	u_int id;

	debug2("Sending SSH2_FXP_STAT \"%s\"", path);

	id = conn->msg_id++;

	send_string_request(conn, id,
	    conn->version == 0 ? SSH2_FXP_STAT_VERSION_0 : SSH2_FXP_STAT,
	    path, strlen(path));

	return(get_decode_stat(conn, id, quiet));
}

Attrib *
do_lstat(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path, int quiet)
{
	u_int id;

	if (conn->version == 0) {
		if (quiet)
			debug("Server version does not support lstat operation");
		else
			logit("Server version does not support lstat operation");
		return(do_stat(conn, path, quiet));
	}

	id = conn->msg_id++;
	send_string_request(conn, id, SSH2_FXP_LSTAT, path,
	    strlen(path));

	return(get_decode_stat(conn, id, quiet));
}

#ifdef notyet
Attrib *
do_fstat(struct sftp_conn *conn, const u_char *handle, u_int handle_len,
    int quiet)
{
	u_int id;

	debug2("Sending SSH2_FXP_FSTAT \"%s\"");

	id = conn->msg_id++;
	send_string_request(conn, id, SSH2_FXP_FSTAT, handle,
	    handle_len);

	return(get_decode_stat(conn, id, quiet));
}
#endif

int
do_setstat(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path, Attrib *a)
{
	u_int status, id;

	debug2("Sending SSH2_FXP_SETSTAT \"%s\"", path);

	id = conn->msg_id++;
	send_string_attrs_request(conn, id, SSH2_FXP_SETSTAT, path,
	    strlen(path), a);

	status = get_status(conn, id);
	if (status != SSH2_FX_OK)
		error("remote setstat \"%s\": %s", path, fx2txt(status));

	return status == SSH2_FX_OK ? 0 : -1;
}

int
do_fsetstat(struct sftp_conn *conn, const u_char *handle, u_int handle_len,
    Attrib *a)
{
	u_int status, id;

	debug2("Sending SSH2_FXP_FSETSTAT");

	id = conn->msg_id++;
	send_string_attrs_request(conn, id, SSH2_FXP_FSETSTAT, handle,
	    handle_len, a);

	status = get_status(conn, id);
	if (status != SSH2_FX_OK)
		error("remote fsetstat: %s", fx2txt(status));

	return status == SSH2_FX_OK ? 0 : -1;
}

/* Implements both the realpath and expand-path operations */
static char *
do_realpath_expand(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path, int expand)
{
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	u_int expected_id, count, id;
	char *filename, *longname;
	Attrib a;
	u_char type;
	int r;
	const char *what = "SSH2_FXP_REALPATH";

	if (expand)
		what = "expand-path@openssh.com";
	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");

	expected_id = id = conn->msg_id++;
	if (expand) {
		debug2("Sending SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED(expand-path@openssh.com) "
		    "\"%s\"", path);
		if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED)) != 0 ||
		    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, id)) != 0 ||
		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg,
		    "expand-path@openssh.com")) != 0 ||
		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, path)) != 0)
			fatal_fr(r, "compose %s", what);
		send_msg(conn, msg);
	} else {
		debug2("Sending SSH2_FXP_REALPATH \"%s\"", path);
		send_string_request(conn, id, SSH2_FXP_REALPATH,
		    path, strlen(path));
	}
	get_msg(conn, msg);
	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &id)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "parse");

	if (id != expected_id)
		fatal("ID mismatch (%u != %u)", id, expected_id);

	if (type == SSH2_FXP_STATUS) {
		u_int status;
		char *errmsg;

		if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &status)) != 0 ||
		    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(msg, &errmsg, NULL)) != 0)
			fatal_fr(r, "parse status");
		error("%s %s: %s", expand ? "expand" : "realpath",
		    path, *errmsg == '\0' ? fx2txt(status) : errmsg);
		free(errmsg);
		sshbuf_free(msg);
		return NULL;
	} else if (type != SSH2_FXP_NAME)
		fatal("Expected SSH2_FXP_NAME(%u) packet, got %u",
		    SSH2_FXP_NAME, type);

	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &count)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "parse count");
	if (count != 1)
		fatal("Got multiple names (%d) from %s", count, what);

	if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(msg, &filename, NULL)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(msg, &longname, NULL)) != 0 ||
	    (r = decode_attrib(msg, &a)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "parse filename/attrib");

	debug3("%s %s -> %s", what, path, filename);

	free(longname);

	sshbuf_free(msg);

	return(filename);
}

char *
do_realpath(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path)
{
	return do_realpath_expand(conn, path, 0);
}

int
can_expand_path(struct sftp_conn *conn)
{
	return (conn->exts & SFTP_EXT_PATH_EXPAND) != 0;
}

char *
do_expand_path(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path)
{
	if (!can_expand_path(conn)) {
		debug3_f("no server support, fallback to realpath");
		return do_realpath_expand(conn, path, 0);
	}
	return do_realpath_expand(conn, path, 1);
}

int
do_rename(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *oldpath, const char *newpath,
    int force_legacy)
{
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	u_int status, id;
	int r, use_ext = (conn->exts & SFTP_EXT_POSIX_RENAME) && !force_legacy;

	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");

	/* Send rename request */
	id = conn->msg_id++;
	if (use_ext) {
		debug2("Sending SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED(posix-rename@openssh.com) "
		    "\"%s\" to \"%s\"", oldpath, newpath);
		if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED)) != 0 ||
		    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, id)) != 0 ||
		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg,
		    "posix-rename@openssh.com")) != 0)
			fatal_fr(r, "compose posix-rename");
	} else {
		debug2("Sending SSH2_FXP_RENAME \"%s\" to \"%s\"",
		    oldpath, newpath);
		if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_FXP_RENAME)) != 0 ||
		    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, id)) != 0)
			fatal_fr(r, "compose rename");
	}
	if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, oldpath)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, newpath)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "compose paths");
	send_msg(conn, msg);
	debug3("Sent message %s \"%s\" -> \"%s\"",
	    use_ext ? "posix-rename@openssh.com" :
	    "SSH2_FXP_RENAME", oldpath, newpath);
	sshbuf_free(msg);

	status = get_status(conn, id);
	if (status != SSH2_FX_OK)
		error("remote rename \"%s\" to \"%s\": %s", oldpath,
		    newpath, fx2txt(status));

	return status == SSH2_FX_OK ? 0 : -1;
}

int
do_hardlink(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
{
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	u_int status, id;
	int r;

	if ((conn->exts & SFTP_EXT_HARDLINK) == 0) {
		error("Server does not support hardlink@openssh.com extension");
		return -1;
	}
	debug2("Sending SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED(hardlink@openssh.com) "
	    "\"%s\" to \"%s\"", oldpath, newpath);

	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");

	/* Send link request */
	id = conn->msg_id++;
	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, id)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, "hardlink@openssh.com")) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, oldpath)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, newpath)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "compose");
	send_msg(conn, msg);
	debug3("Sent message hardlink@openssh.com \"%s\" -> \"%s\"",
	    oldpath, newpath);
	sshbuf_free(msg);

	status = get_status(conn, id);
	if (status != SSH2_FX_OK)
		error("remote link \"%s\" to \"%s\": %s", oldpath,
		    newpath, fx2txt(status));

	return status == SSH2_FX_OK ? 0 : -1;
}

int
do_symlink(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
{
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	u_int status, id;
	int r;

	if (conn->version < 3) {
		error("This server does not support the symlink operation");
		return(SSH2_FX_OP_UNSUPPORTED);
	}
	debug2("Sending SSH2_FXP_SYMLINK \"%s\" to \"%s\"", oldpath, newpath);

	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");

	/* Send symlink request */
	id = conn->msg_id++;
	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_FXP_SYMLINK)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, id)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, oldpath)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, newpath)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "compose");
	send_msg(conn, msg);
	debug3("Sent message SSH2_FXP_SYMLINK \"%s\" -> \"%s\"", oldpath,
	    newpath);
	sshbuf_free(msg);

	status = get_status(conn, id);
	if (status != SSH2_FX_OK)
		error("remote symlink file \"%s\" to \"%s\": %s", oldpath,
		    newpath, fx2txt(status));

	return status == SSH2_FX_OK ? 0 : -1;
}

int
do_fsync(struct sftp_conn *conn, u_char *handle, u_int handle_len)
{
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	u_int status, id;
	int r;

	/* Silently return if the extension is not supported */
	if ((conn->exts & SFTP_EXT_FSYNC) == 0)
		return -1;
	debug2("Sending SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED(fsync@openssh.com)");

	/* Send fsync request */
	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
	id = conn->msg_id++;
	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, id)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, "fsync@openssh.com")) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(msg, handle, handle_len)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "compose");
	send_msg(conn, msg);
	debug3("Sent message fsync@openssh.com I:%u", id);
	sshbuf_free(msg);

	status = get_status(conn, id);
	if (status != SSH2_FX_OK)
		error("remote fsync: %s", fx2txt(status));

	return status == SSH2_FX_OK ? 0 : -1;
}

#ifdef notyet
char *
do_readlink(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path)
{
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	u_int expected_id, count, id;
	char *filename, *longname;
	Attrib a;
	u_char type;
	int r;

	debug2("Sending SSH2_FXP_READLINK \"%s\"", path);

	expected_id = id = conn->msg_id++;
	send_string_request(conn, id, SSH2_FXP_READLINK, path, strlen(path));

	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");

	get_msg(conn, msg);
	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &id)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "parse");

	if (id != expected_id)
		fatal("ID mismatch (%u != %u)", id, expected_id);

	if (type == SSH2_FXP_STATUS) {
		u_int status;

		if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &status)) != 0)
			fatal_fr(r, "parse status");
		error("Couldn't readlink: %s", fx2txt(status));
		sshbuf_free(msg);
		return(NULL);
	} else if (type != SSH2_FXP_NAME)
		fatal("Expected SSH2_FXP_NAME(%u) packet, got %u",
		    SSH2_FXP_NAME, type);

	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &count)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "parse count");
	if (count != 1)
		fatal("Got multiple names (%d) from SSH_FXP_READLINK", count);

	if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(msg, &filename, NULL)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(msg, &longname, NULL)) != 0 ||
	    (r = decode_attrib(msg, &a)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "parse filenames/attrib");

	debug3("SSH_FXP_READLINK %s -> %s", path, filename);

	free(longname);

	sshbuf_free(msg);

	return filename;
}
#endif

int
do_statvfs(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path, struct sftp_statvfs *st,
    int quiet)
{
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	u_int id;
	int r;

	if ((conn->exts & SFTP_EXT_STATVFS) == 0) {
		error("Server does not support statvfs@openssh.com extension");
		return -1;
	}

	debug2("Sending SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED(statvfs@openssh.com) \"%s\"", path);

	id = conn->msg_id++;

	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, id)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, "statvfs@openssh.com")) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, path)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "compose");
	send_msg(conn, msg);
	sshbuf_free(msg);

	return get_decode_statvfs(conn, st, id, quiet);
}

#ifdef notyet
int
do_fstatvfs(struct sftp_conn *conn, const u_char *handle, u_int handle_len,
    struct sftp_statvfs *st, int quiet)
{
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	u_int id;

	if ((conn->exts & SFTP_EXT_FSTATVFS) == 0) {
		error("Server does not support fstatvfs@openssh.com extension");
		return -1;
	}

	debug2("Sending SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED(fstatvfs@openssh.com)");

	id = conn->msg_id++;

	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, id)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, "fstatvfs@openssh.com")) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(msg, handle, handle_len)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "compose");
	send_msg(conn, msg);
	sshbuf_free(msg);

	return get_decode_statvfs(conn, st, id, quiet);
}
#endif

int
do_lsetstat(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path, Attrib *a)
{
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	u_int status, id;
	int r;

	if ((conn->exts & SFTP_EXT_LSETSTAT) == 0) {
		error("Server does not support lsetstat@openssh.com extension");
		return -1;
	}

	debug2("Sending SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED(lsetstat@openssh.com) \"%s\"", path);

	id = conn->msg_id++;
	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_FXP_EXTENDED)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, id)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, "lsetstat@openssh.com")) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, path)) != 0 ||
	    (r = encode_attrib(msg, a)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "compose");
	send_msg(conn, msg);
	sshbuf_free(msg);

	status = get_status(conn, id);
	if (status != SSH2_FX_OK)
		error("remote lsetstat \"%s\": %s", path, fx2txt(status));

	return status == SSH2_FX_OK ? 0 : -1;
}

static void
send_read_request(struct sftp_conn *conn, u_int id, u_int64_t offset,
    u_int len, const u_char *handle, u_int handle_len)
{
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	int r;

	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_FXP_READ)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, id)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(msg, handle, handle_len)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_u64(msg, offset)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, len)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "compose");
	send_msg(conn, msg);
	sshbuf_free(msg);
}

static int
send_open(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path, const char *tag,
    u_int openmode, Attrib *a, u_char **handlep, size_t *handle_lenp)
{
	Attrib junk;
	u_char *handle;
	size_t handle_len;
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	int r;
	u_int id;

	debug2("Sending SSH2_FXP_OPEN \"%s\"", path);

	*handlep = NULL;
	*handle_lenp = 0;

	if (a == NULL) {
		attrib_clear(&junk); /* Send empty attributes */
		a = &junk;
	}
	/* Send open request */
	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
	id = conn->msg_id++;
	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_FXP_OPEN)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, id)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(msg, path)) != 0 ||
	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, openmode)) != 0 ||
	    (r = encode_attrib(msg, a)) != 0)
		fatal_fr(r, "compose %s open", tag);
	send_msg(conn, msg);
	sshbuf_free(msg);
	debug3("Sent %s message SSH2_FXP_OPEN I:%u P:%s M:0x%04x",
	    tag, id, path, openmode);
	if ((handle = get_handle(conn, id, &handle_len,
	    "%s open \"%s\"", tag, path)) == NULL)
		return -1;
	/* success */
	*handlep = handle;
	*handle_lenp = handle_len;
	return 0;
}

static const char *
progress_meter_path(const char *path)
{
	const char *progresspath;

	if ((progresspath = strrchr(path, '/')) == NULL)
		return path;
	progresspath++;
	if (*progresspath == '\0')
		return path;
	return progresspath;
}

int
do_download(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *remote_path,
    const char *local_path, Attrib *a, int preserve_flag, int resume_flag,
    int fsync_flag)
{
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	u_char *handle;
	int local_fd = -1, write_error;
	int read_error, write_errno, lmodified = 0, reordered = 0, r;
	u_int64_t offset = 0, size, highwater;
	u_int mode, id, buflen, num_req, max_req, status = SSH2_FX_OK;
	off_t progress_counter;
	size_t handle_len;
	struct stat st;
	struct requests requests;
	struct request *req;
	u_char type;

	debug2_f("download remote \"%s\" to local \"%s\"",
	    remote_path, local_path);

	TAILQ_INIT(&requests);

	if (a == NULL && (a = do_stat(conn, remote_path, 0)) == NULL)
		return -1;

	/* Do not preserve set[ug]id here, as we do not preserve ownership */
	if (a->flags & SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_PERMISSIONS)
		mode = a->perm & 0777;
	else
		mode = 0666;

	if ((a->flags & SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_PERMISSIONS) &&
	    (!S_ISREG(a->perm))) {
		error("download %s: not a regular file", remote_path);
		return(-1);
	}

	if (a->flags & SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_SIZE)
		size = a->size;
	else
		size = 0;

	buflen = conn->download_buflen;

	/* Send open request */
	if (send_open(conn, remote_path, "remote", SSH2_FXF_READ, NULL,
	    &handle, &handle_len) != 0)
		return -1;

	local_fd = open(local_path,
	    O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | (resume_flag ? 0 : O_TRUNC), mode | S_IWUSR);
	if (local_fd == -1) {
		error("open local \"%s\": %s", local_path, strerror(errno));
		goto fail;
	}
	offset = highwater = 0;
	if (resume_flag) {
		if (fstat(local_fd, &st) == -1) {
			error("stat local \"%s\": %s",
			    local_path, strerror(errno));
			goto fail;
		}
		if (st.st_size < 0) {
			error("\"%s\" has negative size", local_path);
			goto fail;
		}
		if ((u_int64_t)st.st_size > size) {
			error("Unable to resume download of \"%s\": "
			    "local file is larger than remote", local_path);
 fail:
			do_close(conn, handle, handle_len);
			free(handle);
			if (local_fd != -1)
				close(local_fd);
			return -1;
		}
		offset = highwater = st.st_size;
	}

	/* Read from remote and write to local */
	write_error = read_error = write_errno = num_req = 0;
	max_req = 1;
	progress_counter = offset;

	if (showprogress && size != 0) {
		start_progress_meter(progress_meter_path(remote_path),
		    size, &progress_counter);
	}

	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");

	while (num_req > 0 || max_req > 0) {
		u_char *data;
		size_t len;

		/*
		 * Simulate EOF on interrupt: stop sending new requests and
		 * allow outstanding requests to drain gracefully
		 */
		if (interrupted) {
			if (num_req == 0) /* If we haven't started yet... */
				break;
			max_req = 0;
		}

		/* Send some more requests */
		while (num_req < max_req) {
			debug3("Request range %llu -> %llu (%d/%d)",
			    (unsigned long long)offset,
			    (unsigned long long)offset + buflen - 1,
			    num_req, max_req);
			req = request_enqueue(&requests, conn->msg_id++,
			    buflen, offset);
			offset += buflen;
			num_req++;
			send_read_request(conn, req->id, req->offset,
			    req->len, handle, handle_len);
		}

		sshbuf_reset(msg);
		get_msg(conn, msg);
		if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0 ||
		    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &id)) != 0)
			fatal_fr(r, "parse");
		debug3("Received reply T:%u I:%u R:%d", type, id, max_req);

		/* Find the request in our queue */
		if ((req = request_find(&requests, id)) == NULL)
			fatal("Unexpected reply %u", id);

		switch (type) {
		case SSH2_FXP_STATUS:
			if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &status)) != 0)
				fatal_fr(r, "parse status");
			if (status != SSH2_FX_EOF)
				read_error = 1;
			max_req = 0;
			TAILQ_REMOVE(&requests, req, tq);
			free(req);
			num_req--;
			break;
		case SSH2_FXP_DATA:
			if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(msg, &data, &len)) != 0)
				fatal_fr(r, "parse data");
			debug3("Received data %llu -> %llu",
			    (unsigned long long)req->offset,
			    (unsigned long long)req->offset + len - 1);
			if (len > req->len)
				fatal("Received more data than asked for "
				    "%zu > %zu", len, req->len);
			lmodified = 1;
			if ((lseek(local_fd, req->offset, SEEK_SET) == -1 ||
			    atomicio(vwrite, local_fd, data, len) != len) &&
			    !write_error) {
				write_errno = errno;
				write_error = 1;
				max_req = 0;
			}
			else if (!reordered && req->offset <= highwater)
				highwater = req->offset + len;
			else if (!reordered && req->offset > highwater)
				reordered = 1;
			progress_counter += len;
			free(data);

			if (len == req->len) {
				TAILQ_REMOVE(&requests, req, tq);
				free(req);
				num_req--;
			} else {
				/* Resend the request for the missing data */
				debug3("Short data block, re-requesting "
				    "%llu -> %llu (%2d)",
				    (unsigned long long)req->offset + len,
				    (unsigned long long)req->offset +
				    req->len - 1, num_req);
				req->id = conn->msg_id++;
				req->len -= len;
				req->offset += len;
				send_read_request(conn, req->id,
				    req->offset, req->len, handle, handle_len);
				/* Reduce the request size */
				if (len < buflen)
					buflen = MAXIMUM(MIN_READ_SIZE, len);
			}
			if (max_req > 0) { /* max_req = 0 iff EOF received */
				if (size > 0 && offset > size) {
					/* Only one request at a time
					 * after the expected EOF */
					debug3("Finish at %llu (%2d)",
					    (unsigned long long)offset,
					    num_req);
					max_req = 1;
				} else if (max_req < conn->num_requests) {
					++max_req;
				}
			}
			break;
		default:
			fatal("Expected SSH2_FXP_DATA(%u) packet, got %u",
			    SSH2_FXP_DATA, type);
		}
	}

	if (showprogress && size)
		stop_progress_meter();

	/* Sanity check */
	if (TAILQ_FIRST(&requests) != NULL)
		fatal("Transfer complete, but requests still in queue");
	/* Truncate at highest contiguous point to avoid holes on interrupt */
	if (read_error || write_error || interrupted) {
		if (reordered && resume_flag) {
			error("Unable to resume download of \"%s\": "
			    "server reordered requests", local_path);
		}
		debug("truncating at %llu", (unsigned long long)highwater);
		if (ftruncate(local_fd, highwater) == -1)
			error("local ftruncate \"%s\": %s", local_path,
			    strerror(errno));
	}
	if (read_error) {
		error("read remote \"%s\" : %s", remote_path, fx2txt(status));
		status = -1;
		do_close(conn, handle, handle_len);
	} else if (write_error) {
		error("write local \"%s\": %s", local_path,
		    strerror(write_errno));
		status = SSH2_FX_FAILURE;
		do_close(conn, handle, handle_len);
	} else {
		if (do_close(conn, handle, handle_len) != 0 || interrupted)
			status = SSH2_FX_FAILURE;
		else
			status = SSH2_FX_OK;
		/* Override umask and utimes if asked */
#ifdef HAVE_FCHMOD
		if (preserve_flag && fchmod(local_fd, mode) == -1)
#else
		if (preserve_flag && chmod(local_path, mode) == -1)
#endif /* HAVE_FCHMOD */
			error("local chmod \"%s\": %s", local_path,
			    strerror(errno));
		if (preserve_flag &&
		    (a->flags & SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_ACMODTIME)) {
			struct timeval tv[2];
			tv[0].tv_sec = a->atime;
			tv[1].tv_sec = a->mtime;
			tv[0].tv_usec = tv[1].tv_usec = 0;
			if (utimes(local_path, tv) == -1)
				error("local set times \"%s\": %s",
				    local_path, strerror(errno));
		}
		if (resume_flag && !lmodified)
			logit("File \"%s\" was not modified", local_path);
		else if (fsync_flag) {
			debug("syncing \"%s\"", local_path);
			if (fsync(local_fd) == -1)
				error("local sync \"%s\": %s",
				    local_path, strerror(errno));
		}
	}
	close(local_fd);
	sshbuf_free(msg);
	free(handle);

	return status == SSH2_FX_OK ? 0 : -1;
}

static int
download_dir_internal(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *src, const char *dst,
    int depth, Attrib *dirattrib, int preserve_flag, int print_flag,
    int resume_flag, int fsync_flag, int follow_link_flag)
{
	int i, ret = 0;
	SFTP_DIRENT **dir_entries;
	char *filename, *new_src = NULL, *new_dst = NULL;
	mode_t mode = 0777, tmpmode = mode;

	if (depth >= MAX_DIR_DEPTH) {
		error("Maximum directory depth exceeded: %d levels", depth);
		return -1;
	}

	debug2_f("download dir remote \"%s\" to local \"%s\"", src, dst);

	if (dirattrib == NULL &&
	    (dirattrib = do_stat(conn, src, 1)) == NULL) {
		error("stat remote \"%s\" directory failed", src);
		return -1;
	}
	if (!S_ISDIR(dirattrib->perm)) {
		error("\"%s\" is not a directory", src);
		return -1;
	}
	if (print_flag && print_flag != SFTP_PROGRESS_ONLY)
		mprintf("Retrieving %s\n", src);

	if (dirattrib->flags & SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_PERMISSIONS) {
		mode = dirattrib->perm & 01777;
		tmpmode = mode | (S_IWUSR|S_IXUSR);
	} else {
		debug("download remote \"%s\": server "
		    "did not send permissions", dst);
	}

	if (mkdir(dst, tmpmode) == -1 && errno != EEXIST) {
		error("mkdir %s: %s", dst, strerror(errno));
		return -1;
	}

	if (do_readdir(conn, src, &dir_entries) == -1) {
		error("remote readdir \"%s\" failed", src);
		return -1;
	}

	for (i = 0; dir_entries[i] != NULL && !interrupted; i++) {
		free(new_dst);
		free(new_src);

		filename = dir_entries[i]->filename;
		new_dst = path_append(dst, filename);
		new_src = path_append(src, filename);

		if (S_ISDIR(dir_entries[i]->a.perm)) {
			if (strcmp(filename, ".") == 0 ||
			    strcmp(filename, "..") == 0)
				continue;
			if (download_dir_internal(conn, new_src, new_dst,
			    depth + 1, &(dir_entries[i]->a), preserve_flag,
			    print_flag, resume_flag,
			    fsync_flag, follow_link_flag) == -1)
				ret = -1;
		} else if (S_ISREG(dir_entries[i]->a.perm) ||
		    (follow_link_flag && S_ISLNK(dir_entries[i]->a.perm))) {
			/*
			 * If this is a symlink then don't send the link's
			 * Attrib. do_download() will do a FXP_STAT operation
			 * and get the link target's attributes.
			 */
			if (do_download(conn, new_src, new_dst,
			    S_ISLNK(dir_entries[i]->a.perm) ? NULL :
			    &(dir_entries[i]->a),
			    preserve_flag, resume_flag, fsync_flag) == -1) {
				error("Download of file %s to %s failed",
				    new_src, new_dst);
				ret = -1;
			}
		} else
			logit("download \"%s\": not a regular file", new_src);

	}
	free(new_dst);
	free(new_src);

	if (preserve_flag) {
		if (dirattrib->flags & SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_ACMODTIME) {
			struct timeval tv[2];
			tv[0].tv_sec = dirattrib->atime;
			tv[1].tv_sec = dirattrib->mtime;
			tv[0].tv_usec = tv[1].tv_usec = 0;
			if (utimes(dst, tv) == -1)
				error("local set times on \"%s\": %s",
				    dst, strerror(errno));
		} else
			debug("Server did not send times for directory "
			    "\"%s\"", dst);
	}

	if (mode != tmpmode && chmod(dst, mode) == -1)
		error("local chmod directory \"%s\": %s", dst,
		    strerror(errno));

	free_sftp_dirents(dir_entries);

	return ret;
}

int
download_dir(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *src, const char *dst,
    Attrib *dirattrib, int preserve_flag, int print_flag, int resume_flag,
    int fsync_flag, int follow_link_flag)
{
	char *src_canon;
	int ret;

	if ((src_canon = do_realpath(conn, src)) == NULL) {
		error("download \"%s\": path canonicalization failed", src);
		return -1;
	}

	ret = download_dir_internal(conn, src_canon, dst, 0,
	    dirattrib, preserve_flag, print_flag, resume_flag, fsync_flag,
	    follow_link_flag);
	free(src_canon);
	return ret;
}

int
do_upload(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *local_path,
    const char *remote_path, int preserve_flag, int resume, int fsync_flag)
{
	int r, local_fd;
	u_int status = SSH2_FX_OK;
	u_int id;
	u_char type;
	off_t offset, progress_counter;
	u_char *handle, *data;
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	struct stat sb;
	Attrib a, *c = NULL;
	u_int32_t startid;
	u_int32_t ackid;
	struct request *ack = NULL;
	struct requests acks;
	size_t handle_len;

	debug2_f("upload local \"%s\" to remote \"%s\"",
	    local_path, remote_path);

	TAILQ_INIT(&acks);

	if ((local_fd = open(local_path, O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
		error("open local \"%s\": %s", local_path, strerror(errno));
		return(-1);
	}
	if (fstat(local_fd, &sb) == -1) {
		error("fstat local \"%s\": %s", local_path, strerror(errno));
		close(local_fd);
		return(-1);
	}
	if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode)) {
		error("local \"%s\" is not a regular file", local_path);
		close(local_fd);
		return(-1);
	}
	stat_to_attrib(&sb, &a);

	a.flags &= ~SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_SIZE;
	a.flags &= ~SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_UIDGID;
	a.perm &= 0777;
	if (!preserve_flag)
		a.flags &= ~SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_ACMODTIME;

	if (resume) {
		/* Get remote file size if it exists */
		if ((c = do_stat(conn, remote_path, 0)) == NULL) {
			close(local_fd);
			return -1;
		}

		if ((off_t)c->size >= sb.st_size) {
			error("resume \"%s\": destination file "
			    "same size or larger", local_path);
			close(local_fd);
			return -1;
		}

		if (lseek(local_fd, (off_t)c->size, SEEK_SET) == -1) {
			close(local_fd);
			return -1;
		}
	}

	/* Send open request */
	if (send_open(conn, remote_path, "dest", SSH2_FXF_WRITE|SSH2_FXF_CREAT|
	    (resume ? SSH2_FXF_APPEND : SSH2_FXF_TRUNC),
	    &a, &handle, &handle_len) != 0) {
		close(local_fd);
		return -1;
	}

	id = conn->msg_id;
	startid = ackid = id + 1;
	data = xmalloc(conn->upload_buflen);

	/* Read from local and write to remote */
	offset = progress_counter = (resume ? c->size : 0);
	if (showprogress) {
		start_progress_meter(progress_meter_path(local_path),
		    sb.st_size, &progress_counter);
	}

	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
	for (;;) {
		int len;

		/*
		 * Can't use atomicio here because it returns 0 on EOF,
		 * thus losing the last block of the file.
		 * Simulate an EOF on interrupt, allowing ACKs from the
		 * server to drain.
		 */
		if (interrupted || status != SSH2_FX_OK)
			len = 0;
		else do
			len = read(local_fd, data, conn->upload_buflen);
		while ((len == -1) &&
		    (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN || errno == EWOULDBLOCK));

		if (len == -1) {
			fatal("read local \"%s\": %s",
			    local_path, strerror(errno));
		} else if (len != 0) {
			ack = request_enqueue(&acks, ++id, len, offset);
			sshbuf_reset(msg);
			if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_FXP_WRITE)) != 0 ||
			    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, ack->id)) != 0 ||
			    (r = sshbuf_put_string(msg, handle,
			    handle_len)) != 0 ||
			    (r = sshbuf_put_u64(msg, offset)) != 0 ||
			    (r = sshbuf_put_string(msg, data, len)) != 0)
				fatal_fr(r, "compose");
			send_msg(conn, msg);
			debug3("Sent message SSH2_FXP_WRITE I:%u O:%llu S:%u",
			    id, (unsigned long long)offset, len);
		} else if (TAILQ_FIRST(&acks) == NULL)
			break;

		if (ack == NULL)
			fatal("Unexpected ACK %u", id);

		if (id == startid || len == 0 ||
		    id - ackid >= conn->num_requests) {
			u_int rid;

			sshbuf_reset(msg);
			get_msg(conn, msg);
			if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0 ||
			    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &rid)) != 0)
				fatal_fr(r, "parse");

			if (type != SSH2_FXP_STATUS)
				fatal("Expected SSH2_FXP_STATUS(%d) packet, "
				    "got %d", SSH2_FXP_STATUS, type);

			if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &status)) != 0)
				fatal_fr(r, "parse status");
			debug3("SSH2_FXP_STATUS %u", status);

			/* Find the request in our queue */
			if ((ack = request_find(&acks, rid)) == NULL)
				fatal("Can't find request for ID %u", rid);
			TAILQ_REMOVE(&acks, ack, tq);
			debug3("In write loop, ack for %u %zu bytes at %lld",
			    ack->id, ack->len, (unsigned long long)ack->offset);
			++ackid;
			progress_counter += ack->len;
			free(ack);
		}
		offset += len;
		if (offset < 0)
			fatal_f("offset < 0");
	}
	sshbuf_free(msg);

	if (showprogress)
		stop_progress_meter();
	free(data);

	if (status != SSH2_FX_OK) {
		error("write remote \"%s\": %s", remote_path, fx2txt(status));
		status = SSH2_FX_FAILURE;
	}

	if (close(local_fd) == -1) {
		error("close local \"%s\": %s", local_path, strerror(errno));
		status = SSH2_FX_FAILURE;
	}

	/* Override umask and utimes if asked */
	if (preserve_flag)
		do_fsetstat(conn, handle, handle_len, &a);

	if (fsync_flag)
		(void)do_fsync(conn, handle, handle_len);

	if (do_close(conn, handle, handle_len) != 0)
		status = SSH2_FX_FAILURE;

	free(handle);

	return status == SSH2_FX_OK ? 0 : -1;
}

static int
upload_dir_internal(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *src, const char *dst,
    int depth, int preserve_flag, int print_flag, int resume, int fsync_flag,
    int follow_link_flag)
{
	int ret = 0;
	DIR *dirp;
	struct dirent *dp;
	char *filename, *new_src = NULL, *new_dst = NULL;
	struct stat sb;
	Attrib a, *dirattrib;
	u_int32_t saved_perm;

	debug2_f("upload local dir \"%s\" to remote \"%s\"", src, dst);

	if (depth >= MAX_DIR_DEPTH) {
		error("Maximum directory depth exceeded: %d levels", depth);
		return -1;
	}

	if (stat(src, &sb) == -1) {
		error("stat local \"%s\": %s", src, strerror(errno));
		return -1;
	}
	if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
		error("\"%s\" is not a directory", src);
		return -1;
	}
	if (print_flag && print_flag != SFTP_PROGRESS_ONLY)
		mprintf("Entering %s\n", src);

	stat_to_attrib(&sb, &a);
	a.flags &= ~SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_SIZE;
	a.flags &= ~SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_UIDGID;
	a.perm &= 01777;
	if (!preserve_flag)
		a.flags &= ~SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_ACMODTIME;

	/*
	 * sftp lacks a portable status value to match errno EEXIST,
	 * so if we get a failure back then we must check whether
	 * the path already existed and is a directory.  Ensure we can
	 * write to the directory we create for the duration of the transfer.
	 */
	saved_perm = a.perm;
	a.perm |= (S_IWUSR|S_IXUSR);
	if (do_mkdir(conn, dst, &a, 0) != 0) {
		if ((dirattrib = do_stat(conn, dst, 0)) == NULL)
			return -1;
		if (!S_ISDIR(dirattrib->perm)) {
			error("\"%s\" exists but is not a directory", dst);
			return -1;
		}
	}
	a.perm = saved_perm;

	if ((dirp = opendir(src)) == NULL) {
		error("local opendir \"%s\": %s", src, strerror(errno));
		return -1;
	}

	while (((dp = readdir(dirp)) != NULL) && !interrupted) {
		if (dp->d_ino == 0)
			continue;
		free(new_dst);
		free(new_src);
		filename = dp->d_name;
		new_dst = path_append(dst, filename);
		new_src = path_append(src, filename);

		if (lstat(new_src, &sb) == -1) {
			logit("local lstat \"%s\": %s", filename,
			    strerror(errno));
			ret = -1;
		} else if (S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) {
			if (strcmp(filename, ".") == 0 ||
			    strcmp(filename, "..") == 0)
				continue;

			if (upload_dir_internal(conn, new_src, new_dst,
			    depth + 1, preserve_flag, print_flag, resume,
			    fsync_flag, follow_link_flag) == -1)
				ret = -1;
		} else if (S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) ||
		    (follow_link_flag && S_ISLNK(sb.st_mode))) {
			if (do_upload(conn, new_src, new_dst,
			    preserve_flag, resume, fsync_flag) == -1) {
				error("upload \"%s\" to \"%s\" failed",
				    new_src, new_dst);
				ret = -1;
			}
		} else
			logit("%s: not a regular file", filename);
	}
	free(new_dst);
	free(new_src);

	do_setstat(conn, dst, &a);

	(void) closedir(dirp);
	return ret;
}

int
upload_dir(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *src, const char *dst,
    int preserve_flag, int print_flag, int resume, int fsync_flag,
    int follow_link_flag)
{
	char *dst_canon;
	int ret;

	if ((dst_canon = do_realpath(conn, dst)) == NULL) {
		error("upload \"%s\": path canonicalization failed", dst);
		return -1;
	}

	ret = upload_dir_internal(conn, src, dst_canon, 0, preserve_flag,
	    print_flag, resume, fsync_flag, follow_link_flag);

	free(dst_canon);
	return ret;
}

static void
handle_dest_replies(struct sftp_conn *to, const char *to_path, int synchronous,
    u_int *nreqsp, u_int *write_errorp)
{
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	u_char type;
	u_int id, status;
	int r;
	struct pollfd pfd;

	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");

	/* Try to eat replies from the upload side */
	while (*nreqsp > 0) {
		debug3_f("%u outstanding replies", *nreqsp);
		if (!synchronous) {
			/* Bail out if no data is ready to be read */
			pfd.fd = to->fd_in;
			pfd.events = POLLIN;
			if ((r = poll(&pfd, 1, 0)) == -1) {
				if (errno == EINTR)
					break;
				fatal_f("poll: %s", strerror(errno));
			} else if (r == 0)
				break; /* fd not ready */
		}
		sshbuf_reset(msg);
		get_msg(to, msg);

		if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0 ||
		    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &id)) != 0)
			fatal_fr(r, "dest parse");
		debug3("Received dest reply T:%u I:%u R:%u", type, id, *nreqsp);
		if (type != SSH2_FXP_STATUS) {
			fatal_f("Expected SSH2_FXP_STATUS(%d) packet, got %d",
			    SSH2_FXP_STATUS, type);
		}
		if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &status)) != 0)
			fatal_fr(r, "parse dest status");
		debug3("dest SSH2_FXP_STATUS %u", status);
		if (status != SSH2_FX_OK) {
			/* record first error */
			if (*write_errorp == 0)
				*write_errorp = status;
		}
		/*
		 * XXX this doesn't do full reply matching like do_upload and
		 * so cannot gracefully truncate terminated uploads at a
		 * high-water mark. ATM the only caller of this function (scp)
		 * doesn't support transfer resumption, so this doesn't matter
		 * a whole lot.
		 *
		 * To be safe, do_crossload truncates the destination file to
		 * zero length on upload failure, since we can't trust the
		 * server not to have reordered replies that could have
		 * inserted holes where none existed in the source file.
		 *
		 * XXX we could get a more accutate progress bar if we updated
		 * the counter based on the reply from the destination...
		 */
		(*nreqsp)--;
	}
	debug3_f("done: %u outstanding replies", *nreqsp);
	sshbuf_free(msg);
}

int
do_crossload(struct sftp_conn *from, struct sftp_conn *to,
    const char *from_path, const char *to_path,
    Attrib *a, int preserve_flag)
{
	struct sshbuf *msg;
	int write_error, read_error, r;
	u_int64_t offset = 0, size;
	u_int id, buflen, num_req, max_req, status = SSH2_FX_OK;
	u_int num_upload_req;
	off_t progress_counter;
	u_char *from_handle, *to_handle;
	size_t from_handle_len, to_handle_len;
	struct requests requests;
	struct request *req;
	u_char type;

	debug2_f("crossload src \"%s\" to dst \"%s\"", from_path, to_path);

	TAILQ_INIT(&requests);

	if (a == NULL && (a = do_stat(from, from_path, 0)) == NULL)
		return -1;

	if ((a->flags & SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_PERMISSIONS) &&
	    (!S_ISREG(a->perm))) {
		error("download \"%s\": not a regular file", from_path);
		return(-1);
	}
	if (a->flags & SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_SIZE)
		size = a->size;
	else
		size = 0;

	buflen = from->download_buflen;
	if (buflen > to->upload_buflen)
		buflen = to->upload_buflen;

	/* Send open request to read side */
	if (send_open(from, from_path, "origin", SSH2_FXF_READ, NULL,
	    &from_handle, &from_handle_len) != 0)
		return -1;

	/* Send open request to write side */
	a->flags &= ~SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_SIZE;
	a->flags &= ~SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_UIDGID;
	a->perm &= 0777;
	if (!preserve_flag)
		a->flags &= ~SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_ACMODTIME;
	if (send_open(to, to_path, "dest",
	    SSH2_FXF_WRITE|SSH2_FXF_CREAT|SSH2_FXF_TRUNC, a,
	    &to_handle, &to_handle_len) != 0) {
		do_close(from, from_handle, from_handle_len);
		return -1;
	}

	/* Read from remote "from" and write to remote "to" */
	offset = 0;
	write_error = read_error = num_req = num_upload_req = 0;
	max_req = 1;
	progress_counter = 0;

	if (showprogress && size != 0) {
		start_progress_meter(progress_meter_path(from_path),
		    size, &progress_counter);
	}
	if ((msg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
	while (num_req > 0 || max_req > 0) {
		u_char *data;
		size_t len;

		/*
		 * Simulate EOF on interrupt: stop sending new requests and
		 * allow outstanding requests to drain gracefully
		 */
		if (interrupted) {
			if (num_req == 0) /* If we haven't started yet... */
				break;
			max_req = 0;
		}

		/* Send some more requests */
		while (num_req < max_req) {
			debug3("Request range %llu -> %llu (%d/%d)",
			    (unsigned long long)offset,
			    (unsigned long long)offset + buflen - 1,
			    num_req, max_req);
			req = request_enqueue(&requests, from->msg_id++,
			    buflen, offset);
			offset += buflen;
			num_req++;
			send_read_request(from, req->id, req->offset,
			    req->len, from_handle, from_handle_len);
		}

		/* Try to eat replies from the upload side (nonblocking) */
		handle_dest_replies(to, to_path, 0,
		    &num_upload_req, &write_error);

		sshbuf_reset(msg);
		get_msg(from, msg);
		if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(msg, &type)) != 0 ||
		    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &id)) != 0)
			fatal_fr(r, "parse");
		debug3("Received origin reply T:%u I:%u R:%d",
		    type, id, max_req);

		/* Find the request in our queue */
		if ((req = request_find(&requests, id)) == NULL)
			fatal("Unexpected reply %u", id);

		switch (type) {
		case SSH2_FXP_STATUS:
			if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(msg, &status)) != 0)
				fatal_fr(r, "parse status");
			if (status != SSH2_FX_EOF)
				read_error = 1;
			max_req = 0;
			TAILQ_REMOVE(&requests, req, tq);
			free(req);
			num_req--;
			break;
		case SSH2_FXP_DATA:
			if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(msg, &data, &len)) != 0)
				fatal_fr(r, "parse data");
			debug3("Received data %llu -> %llu",
			    (unsigned long long)req->offset,
			    (unsigned long long)req->offset + len - 1);
			if (len > req->len)
				fatal("Received more data than asked for "
				    "%zu > %zu", len, req->len);

			/* Write this chunk out to the destination */
			sshbuf_reset(msg);
			if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(msg, SSH2_FXP_WRITE)) != 0 ||
			    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(msg, to->msg_id++)) != 0 ||
			    (r = sshbuf_put_string(msg, to_handle,
			    to_handle_len)) != 0 ||
			    (r = sshbuf_put_u64(msg, req->offset)) != 0 ||
			    (r = sshbuf_put_string(msg, data, len)) != 0)
				fatal_fr(r, "compose write");
			send_msg(to, msg);
			debug3("Sent message SSH2_FXP_WRITE I:%u O:%llu S:%zu",
			    id, (unsigned long long)offset, len);
			num_upload_req++;
			progress_counter += len;
			free(data);

			if (len == req->len) {
				TAILQ_REMOVE(&requests, req, tq);
				free(req);
				num_req--;
			} else {
				/* Resend the request for the missing data */
				debug3("Short data block, re-requesting "
				    "%llu -> %llu (%2d)",
				    (unsigned long long)req->offset + len,
				    (unsigned long long)req->offset +
				    req->len - 1, num_req);
				req->id = from->msg_id++;
				req->len -= len;
				req->offset += len;
				send_read_request(from, req->id,
				    req->offset, req->len,
				    from_handle, from_handle_len);
				/* Reduce the request size */
				if (len < buflen)
					buflen = MAXIMUM(MIN_READ_SIZE, len);
			}
			if (max_req > 0) { /* max_req = 0 iff EOF received */
				if (size > 0 && offset > size) {
					/* Only one request at a time
					 * after the expected EOF */
					debug3("Finish at %llu (%2d)",
					    (unsigned long long)offset,
					    num_req);
					max_req = 1;
				} else if (max_req < from->num_requests) {
					++max_req;
				}
			}
			break;
		default:
			fatal("Expected SSH2_FXP_DATA(%u) packet, got %u",
			    SSH2_FXP_DATA, type);
		}
	}

	if (showprogress && size)
		stop_progress_meter();

	/* Drain replies from the server (blocking) */
	debug3_f("waiting for %u replies from destination", num_upload_req);
	handle_dest_replies(to, to_path, 1, &num_upload_req, &write_error);

	/* Sanity check */
	if (TAILQ_FIRST(&requests) != NULL)
		fatal("Transfer complete, but requests still in queue");
	/* Truncate at 0 length on interrupt or error to avoid holes at dest */
	if (read_error || write_error || interrupted) {
		debug("truncating \"%s\" at 0", to_path);
		do_close(to, to_handle, to_handle_len);
		free(to_handle);
		if (send_open(to, to_path, "dest",
		    SSH2_FXF_WRITE|SSH2_FXF_CREAT|SSH2_FXF_TRUNC, a,
		    &to_handle, &to_handle_len) != 0) {
			error("dest truncate \"%s\" failed", to_path);
			to_handle = NULL;
		}
	}
	if (read_error) {
		error("read origin \"%s\": %s", from_path, fx2txt(status));
		status = -1;
		do_close(from, from_handle, from_handle_len);
		if (to_handle != NULL)
			do_close(to, to_handle, to_handle_len);
	} else if (write_error) {
		error("write dest \"%s\": %s", to_path, fx2txt(write_error));
		status = SSH2_FX_FAILURE;
		do_close(from, from_handle, from_handle_len);
		if (to_handle != NULL)
			do_close(to, to_handle, to_handle_len);
	} else {
		if (do_close(from, from_handle, from_handle_len) != 0 ||
		    interrupted)
			status = -1;
		else
			status = SSH2_FX_OK;
		if (to_handle != NULL) {
			/* Need to resend utimes after write */
			if (preserve_flag)
				do_fsetstat(to, to_handle, to_handle_len, a);
			do_close(to, to_handle, to_handle_len);
		}
	}
	sshbuf_free(msg);
	free(from_handle);
	free(to_handle);

	return status == SSH2_FX_OK ? 0 : -1;
}

static int
crossload_dir_internal(struct sftp_conn *from, struct sftp_conn *to,
    const char *from_path, const char *to_path,
    int depth, Attrib *dirattrib, int preserve_flag, int print_flag,
    int follow_link_flag)
{
	int i, ret = 0;
	SFTP_DIRENT **dir_entries;
	char *filename, *new_from_path = NULL, *new_to_path = NULL;
	mode_t mode = 0777;
	Attrib curdir;

	debug2_f("crossload dir src \"%s\" to dst \"%s\"", from_path, to_path);

	if (depth >= MAX_DIR_DEPTH) {
		error("Maximum directory depth exceeded: %d levels", depth);
		return -1;
	}

	if (dirattrib == NULL &&
	    (dirattrib = do_stat(from, from_path, 1)) == NULL) {
		error("stat remote \"%s\" failed", from_path);
		return -1;
	}
	if (!S_ISDIR(dirattrib->perm)) {
		error("\"%s\" is not a directory", from_path);
		return -1;
	}
	if (print_flag && print_flag != SFTP_PROGRESS_ONLY)
		mprintf("Retrieving %s\n", from_path);

	curdir = *dirattrib; /* dirattrib will be clobbered */
	curdir.flags &= ~SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_SIZE;
	curdir.flags &= ~SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_UIDGID;
	if ((curdir.flags & SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_PERMISSIONS) == 0) {
		debug("Origin did not send permissions for "
		    "directory \"%s\"", to_path);
		curdir.perm = S_IWUSR|S_IXUSR;
		curdir.flags |= SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_PERMISSIONS;
	}
	/* We need to be able to write to the directory while we transfer it */
	mode = curdir.perm & 01777;
	curdir.perm = mode | (S_IWUSR|S_IXUSR);

	/*
	 * sftp lacks a portable status value to match errno EEXIST,
	 * so if we get a failure back then we must check whether
	 * the path already existed and is a directory.  Ensure we can
	 * write to the directory we create for the duration of the transfer.
	 */
	if (do_mkdir(to, to_path, &curdir, 0) != 0) {
		if ((dirattrib = do_stat(to, to_path, 0)) == NULL)
			return -1;
		if (!S_ISDIR(dirattrib->perm)) {
			error("\"%s\" exists but is not a directory", to_path);
			return -1;
		}
	}
	curdir.perm = mode;

	if (do_readdir(from, from_path, &dir_entries) == -1) {
		error("origin readdir \"%s\" failed", from_path);
		return -1;
	}

	for (i = 0; dir_entries[i] != NULL && !interrupted; i++) {
		free(new_from_path);
		free(new_to_path);

		filename = dir_entries[i]->filename;
		new_from_path = path_append(from_path, filename);
		new_to_path = path_append(to_path, filename);

		if (S_ISDIR(dir_entries[i]->a.perm)) {
			if (strcmp(filename, ".") == 0 ||
			    strcmp(filename, "..") == 0)
				continue;
			if (crossload_dir_internal(from, to,
			    new_from_path, new_to_path,
			    depth + 1, &(dir_entries[i]->a), preserve_flag,
			    print_flag, follow_link_flag) == -1)
				ret = -1;
		} else if (S_ISREG(dir_entries[i]->a.perm) ||
		    (follow_link_flag && S_ISLNK(dir_entries[i]->a.perm))) {
			/*
			 * If this is a symlink then don't send the link's
			 * Attrib. do_download() will do a FXP_STAT operation
			 * and get the link target's attributes.
			 */
			if (do_crossload(from, to, new_from_path, new_to_path,
			    S_ISLNK(dir_entries[i]->a.perm) ? NULL :
			    &(dir_entries[i]->a), preserve_flag) == -1) {
				error("crossload \"%s\" to \"%s\" failed",
				    new_from_path, new_to_path);
				ret = -1;
			}
		} else {
			logit("origin \"%s\": not a regular file",
			    new_from_path);
		}
	}
	free(new_to_path);
	free(new_from_path);

	do_setstat(to, to_path, &curdir);

	free_sftp_dirents(dir_entries);

	return ret;
}

int
crossload_dir(struct sftp_conn *from, struct sftp_conn *to,
    const char *from_path, const char *to_path,
    Attrib *dirattrib, int preserve_flag, int print_flag, int follow_link_flag)
{
	char *from_path_canon;
	int ret;

	if ((from_path_canon = do_realpath(from, from_path)) == NULL) {
		error("crossload \"%s\": path canonicalization failed",
		    from_path);
		return -1;
	}

	ret = crossload_dir_internal(from, to, from_path_canon, to_path, 0,
	    dirattrib, preserve_flag, print_flag, follow_link_flag);
	free(from_path_canon);
	return ret;
}

char *
path_append(const char *p1, const char *p2)
{
	char *ret;
	size_t len = strlen(p1) + strlen(p2) + 2;

	ret = xmalloc(len);
	strlcpy(ret, p1, len);
	if (p1[0] != '\0' && p1[strlen(p1) - 1] != '/')
		strlcat(ret, "/", len);
	strlcat(ret, p2, len);

	return(ret);
}

char *
make_absolute(char *p, const char *pwd)
{
	char *abs_str;

	/* Derelativise */
	if (p && !path_absolute(p)) {
		abs_str = path_append(pwd, p);
		free(p);
		return(abs_str);
	} else
		return(p);
}

int
remote_is_dir(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path)
{
	Attrib *a;

	/* XXX: report errors? */
	if ((a = do_stat(conn, path, 1)) == NULL)
		return(0);
	if (!(a->flags & SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_PERMISSIONS))
		return(0);
	return(S_ISDIR(a->perm));
}


int
local_is_dir(const char *path)
{
	struct stat sb;

	/* XXX: report errors? */
	if (stat(path, &sb) == -1)
		return(0);

	return(S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode));
}

/* Check whether path returned from glob(..., GLOB_MARK, ...) is a directory */
int
globpath_is_dir(const char *pathname)
{
	size_t l = strlen(pathname);

	return l > 0 && pathname[l - 1] == '/';
}