diff --git a/auth.h b/auth.h
index db80fd0c7..677935463 100644
--- a/auth.h
+++ b/auth.h
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: auth.h,v 1.90 2017/05/30 08:52:19 markus Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: auth.h,v 1.91 2017/05/30 14:29:59 markus Exp $ */
 
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2000 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ struct Authctxt {
 
 struct Authmethod {
 	char	*name;
-	int	(*userauth)(Authctxt *authctxt);
+	int	(*userauth)(struct ssh *);
 	int	*enabled;
 };
 
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ void	auth_info(Authctxt *authctxt, const char *, ...)
 	    __attribute__((__nonnull__ (2)));
 void	auth_log(Authctxt *, int, int, const char *, const char *);
 void	auth_maxtries_exceeded(Authctxt *) __attribute__((noreturn));
-void	userauth_finish(Authctxt *, int, const char *, const char *);
+void	userauth_finish(struct ssh *, int, const char *, const char *);
 int	auth_root_allowed(const char *);
 
 void	userauth_send_banner(const char *);
@@ -168,8 +168,8 @@ int	 auth2_method_allowed(Authctxt *, const char *, const char *);
 
 void	privsep_challenge_enable(void);
 
-int	auth2_challenge(Authctxt *, char *);
-void	auth2_challenge_stop(Authctxt *);
+int	auth2_challenge(struct ssh *, char *);
+void	auth2_challenge_stop(struct ssh *);
 int	bsdauth_query(void *, char **, char **, u_int *, char ***, u_int **);
 int	bsdauth_respond(void *, u_int, char **);
 int	skey_query(void *, char **, char **, u_int *, char ***, u_int **);
diff --git a/auth2-chall.c b/auth2-chall.c
index 954eb4e18..11c8d31b3 100644
--- a/auth2-chall.c
+++ b/auth2-chall.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: auth2-chall.c,v 1.47 2017/05/30 14:23:52 markus Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: auth2-chall.c,v 1.48 2017/05/30 14:29:59 markus Exp $ */
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2001 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2001 Per Allansson.  All rights reserved.
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
 /* import */
 extern ServerOptions options;
 
-static int auth2_challenge_start(Authctxt *);
+static int auth2_challenge_start(struct ssh *);
 static int send_userauth_info_request(Authctxt *);
 static int input_userauth_info_response(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
 
@@ -195,8 +195,9 @@ kbdint_next_device(Authctxt *authctxt, KbdintAuthctxt *kbdintctxt)
  * wait for the response.
  */
 int
-auth2_challenge(Authctxt *authctxt, char *devs)
+auth2_challenge(struct ssh *ssh, char *devs)
 {
+	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
 	debug("auth2_challenge: user=%s devs=%s",
 	    authctxt->user ? authctxt->user : "<nouser>",
 	    devs ? devs : "<no devs>");
@@ -205,15 +206,16 @@ auth2_challenge(Authctxt *authctxt, char *devs)
 		return 0;
 	if (authctxt->kbdintctxt == NULL)
 		authctxt->kbdintctxt = kbdint_alloc(devs);
-	return auth2_challenge_start(authctxt);
+	return auth2_challenge_start(ssh);
 }
 
 /* unregister kbd-int callbacks and context */
 void
-auth2_challenge_stop(Authctxt *authctxt)
+auth2_challenge_stop(struct ssh *ssh)
 {
+	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
 	/* unregister callback */
-	dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_RESPONSE, NULL);
+	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_RESPONSE, NULL);
 	if (authctxt->kbdintctxt != NULL) {
 		kbdint_free(authctxt->kbdintctxt);
 		authctxt->kbdintctxt = NULL;
@@ -222,29 +224,30 @@ auth2_challenge_stop(Authctxt *authctxt)
 
 /* side effect: sets authctxt->postponed if a reply was sent*/
 static int
-auth2_challenge_start(Authctxt *authctxt)
+auth2_challenge_start(struct ssh *ssh)
 {
+	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
 	KbdintAuthctxt *kbdintctxt = authctxt->kbdintctxt;
 
 	debug2("auth2_challenge_start: devices %s",
 	    kbdintctxt->devices ?  kbdintctxt->devices : "<empty>");
 
 	if (kbdint_next_device(authctxt, kbdintctxt) == 0) {
-		auth2_challenge_stop(authctxt);
+		auth2_challenge_stop(ssh);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	debug("auth2_challenge_start: trying authentication method '%s'",
 	    kbdintctxt->device->name);
 
 	if ((kbdintctxt->ctxt = kbdintctxt->device->init_ctx(authctxt)) == NULL) {
-		auth2_challenge_stop(authctxt);
+		auth2_challenge_stop(ssh);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	if (send_userauth_info_request(authctxt) == 0) {
-		auth2_challenge_stop(authctxt);
+		auth2_challenge_stop(ssh);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_RESPONSE,
+	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_RESPONSE,
 	    &input_userauth_info_response);
 
 	authctxt->postponed = 1;
@@ -340,14 +343,14 @@ input_userauth_info_response(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
 	devicename = kbdintctxt->device->name;
 	if (!authctxt->postponed) {
 		if (authenticated) {
-			auth2_challenge_stop(authctxt);
+			auth2_challenge_stop(ssh);
 		} else {
 			/* start next device */
 			/* may set authctxt->postponed */
-			auth2_challenge_start(authctxt);
+			auth2_challenge_start(ssh);
 		}
 	}
-	userauth_finish(authctxt, authenticated, "keyboard-interactive",
+	userauth_finish(ssh, authenticated, "keyboard-interactive",
 	    devicename);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/auth2-gss.c b/auth2-gss.c
index a762747d6..680d5e712 100644
--- a/auth2-gss.c
+++ b/auth2-gss.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: auth2-gss.c,v 1.24 2017/05/30 14:23:52 markus Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: auth2-gss.c,v 1.25 2017/05/30 14:29:59 markus Exp $ */
 
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2001-2003 Simon Wilkinson. All rights reserved.
@@ -58,8 +58,9 @@ static int input_gssapi_errtok(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
  * how to check local user kuserok and the like)
  */
 static int
-userauth_gssapi(Authctxt *authctxt)
+userauth_gssapi(struct ssh *ssh)
 {
+	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
 	gss_OID_desc goid = {0, NULL};
 	Gssctxt *ctxt = NULL;
 	int mechs;
@@ -119,8 +120,8 @@ userauth_gssapi(Authctxt *authctxt)
 	packet_send();
 	free(doid);
 
-	dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN, &input_gssapi_token);
-	dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERRTOK, &input_gssapi_errtok);
+	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN, &input_gssapi_token);
+	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERRTOK, &input_gssapi_errtok);
 	authctxt->postponed = 1;
 
 	return (0);
@@ -157,8 +158,8 @@ input_gssapi_token(int type, u_int32_t plen, struct ssh *ssh)
 			packet_send();
 		}
 		authctxt->postponed = 0;
-		dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN, NULL);
-		userauth_finish(authctxt, 0, "gssapi-with-mic", NULL);
+		ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN, NULL);
+		userauth_finish(ssh, 0, "gssapi-with-mic", NULL);
 	} else {
 		if (send_tok.length != 0) {
 			packet_start(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN);
@@ -166,12 +167,12 @@ input_gssapi_token(int type, u_int32_t plen, struct ssh *ssh)
 			packet_send();
 		}
 		if (maj_status == GSS_S_COMPLETE) {
-			dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN, NULL);
+			ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN, NULL);
 			if (flags & GSS_C_INTEG_FLAG)
-				dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_MIC,
+				ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_MIC,
 				    &input_gssapi_mic);
 			else
-				dispatch_set(
+				ssh_dispatch_set(ssh,
 				    SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_EXCHANGE_COMPLETE,
 				    &input_gssapi_exchange_complete);
 		}
@@ -207,8 +208,8 @@ input_gssapi_errtok(int type, u_int32_t plen, struct ssh *ssh)
 	free(recv_tok.value);
 
 	/* We can't return anything to the client, even if we wanted to */
-	dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN, NULL);
-	dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERRTOK, NULL);
+	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN, NULL);
+	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERRTOK, NULL);
 
 	/* The client will have already moved on to the next auth */
 
@@ -241,11 +242,11 @@ input_gssapi_exchange_complete(int type, u_int32_t plen, struct ssh *ssh)
 	authenticated = PRIVSEP(ssh_gssapi_userok(authctxt->user));
 
 	authctxt->postponed = 0;
-	dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN, NULL);
-	dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERRTOK, NULL);
-	dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_MIC, NULL);
-	dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_EXCHANGE_COMPLETE, NULL);
-	userauth_finish(authctxt, authenticated, "gssapi-with-mic", NULL);
+	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN, NULL);
+	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERRTOK, NULL);
+	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_MIC, NULL);
+	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_EXCHANGE_COMPLETE, NULL);
+	userauth_finish(ssh, authenticated, "gssapi-with-mic", NULL);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -282,11 +283,11 @@ input_gssapi_mic(int type, u_int32_t plen, struct ssh *ssh)
 	free(mic.value);
 
 	authctxt->postponed = 0;
-	dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN, NULL);
-	dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERRTOK, NULL);
-	dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_MIC, NULL);
-	dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_EXCHANGE_COMPLETE, NULL);
-	userauth_finish(authctxt, authenticated, "gssapi-with-mic", NULL);
+	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN, NULL);
+	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERRTOK, NULL);
+	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_MIC, NULL);
+	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_EXCHANGE_COMPLETE, NULL);
+	userauth_finish(ssh, authenticated, "gssapi-with-mic", NULL);
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/auth2-hostbased.c b/auth2-hostbased.c
index 728548396..63fe9ae65 100644
--- a/auth2-hostbased.c
+++ b/auth2-hostbased.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: auth2-hostbased.c,v 1.29 2017/05/30 14:25:42 markus Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: auth2-hostbased.c,v 1.30 2017/05/30 14:29:59 markus Exp $ */
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2000 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ extern u_char *session_id2;
 extern u_int session_id2_len;
 
 static int
-userauth_hostbased(Authctxt *authctxt)
+userauth_hostbased(struct ssh *ssh)
 {
-	struct ssh *ssh = active_state; /* XXX */
+	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
 	struct sshbuf *b;
 	struct sshkey *key = NULL;
 	char *pkalg, *cuser, *chost, *service;
diff --git a/auth2-kbdint.c b/auth2-kbdint.c
index bf75c6059..86aad8ddc 100644
--- a/auth2-kbdint.c
+++ b/auth2-kbdint.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: auth2-kbdint.c,v 1.7 2014/07/15 15:54:14 millert Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: auth2-kbdint.c,v 1.8 2017/05/30 14:29:59 markus Exp $ */
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2000 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
 extern ServerOptions options;
 
 static int
-userauth_kbdint(Authctxt *authctxt)
+userauth_kbdint(struct ssh *ssh)
 {
 	int authenticated = 0;
 	char *lang, *devs;
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ userauth_kbdint(Authctxt *authctxt)
 	debug("keyboard-interactive devs %s", devs);
 
 	if (options.challenge_response_authentication)
-		authenticated = auth2_challenge(authctxt, devs);
+		authenticated = auth2_challenge(ssh, devs);
 
 	free(devs);
 	free(lang);
diff --git a/auth2-none.c b/auth2-none.c
index da6e2dd12..35d25fa63 100644
--- a/auth2-none.c
+++ b/auth2-none.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: auth2-none.c,v 1.19 2017/05/30 14:27:22 markus Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: auth2-none.c,v 1.20 2017/05/30 14:29:59 markus Exp $ */
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2000 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -60,9 +60,8 @@ extern ServerOptions options;
 static int none_enabled = 1;
 
 static int
-userauth_none(Authctxt *authctxt)
+userauth_none(struct ssh *ssh)
 {
-	struct ssh *ssh = active_state; /* XXX */
 	int r;
 
 	none_enabled = 0;
diff --git a/auth2-passwd.c b/auth2-passwd.c
index d36b0cba3..5f7ba3244 100644
--- a/auth2-passwd.c
+++ b/auth2-passwd.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: auth2-passwd.c,v 1.13 2017/05/30 14:26:49 markus Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: auth2-passwd.c,v 1.14 2017/05/30 14:29:59 markus Exp $ */
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2000 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -48,9 +48,8 @@
 extern ServerOptions options;
 
 static int
-userauth_passwd(Authctxt *authctxt)
+userauth_passwd(struct ssh *ssh)
 {
-	struct ssh *ssh = active_state; /* XXX */
 	char *password;
 	int authenticated = 0, r;
 	u_char change;
diff --git a/auth2-pubkey.c b/auth2-pubkey.c
index a4a091113..7a6280f8d 100644
--- a/auth2-pubkey.c
+++ b/auth2-pubkey.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: auth2-pubkey.c,v 1.64 2017/05/30 14:10:53 markus Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: auth2-pubkey.c,v 1.65 2017/05/30 14:29:59 markus Exp $ */
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2000 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -75,9 +75,9 @@ extern u_char *session_id2;
 extern u_int session_id2_len;
 
 static int
-userauth_pubkey(Authctxt *authctxt)
+userauth_pubkey(struct ssh *ssh)
 {
-	struct ssh *ssh = active_state; /* XXX */
+	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
 	struct sshbuf *b;
 	struct sshkey *key = NULL;
 	char *pkalg, *userstyle = NULL, *fp = NULL;
diff --git a/auth2.c b/auth2.c
index cfbf9d250..08ea2a802 100644
--- a/auth2.c
+++ b/auth2.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: auth2.c,v 1.139 2017/05/30 14:23:52 markus Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: auth2.c,v 1.140 2017/05/30 14:29:59 markus Exp $ */
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2000 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -170,9 +170,9 @@ do_authentication2(Authctxt *authctxt)
 {
 	struct ssh *ssh = active_state;		/* XXX */
 	ssh->authctxt = authctxt;		/* XXX move to caller */
-	dispatch_init(&dispatch_protocol_error);
-	dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST, &input_service_request);
-	dispatch_run(DISPATCH_BLOCK, &authctxt->success, ssh);
+	ssh_dispatch_init(ssh, &dispatch_protocol_error);
+	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST, &input_service_request);
+	ssh_dispatch_run(ssh, DISPATCH_BLOCK, &authctxt->success, ssh);
 	ssh->authctxt = NULL;
 }
 
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ input_service_request(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
 		if (!authctxt->success) {
 			acceptit = 1;
 			/* now we can handle user-auth requests */
-			dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST, &input_userauth_request);
+			ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST, &input_userauth_request);
 		}
 	}
 	/* XXX all other service requests are denied */
@@ -269,12 +269,12 @@ input_userauth_request(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
 		    authctxt->user, authctxt->service, user, service);
 	}
 	/* reset state */
-	auth2_challenge_stop(authctxt);
+	auth2_challenge_stop(ssh);
 
 #ifdef GSSAPI
 	/* XXX move to auth2_gssapi_stop() */
-	dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN, NULL);
-	dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_EXCHANGE_COMPLETE, NULL);
+	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN, NULL);
+	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_EXCHANGE_COMPLETE, NULL);
 #endif
 
 	authctxt->postponed = 0;
@@ -284,9 +284,9 @@ input_userauth_request(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
 	m = authmethod_lookup(authctxt, method);
 	if (m != NULL && authctxt->failures < options.max_authtries) {
 		debug2("input_userauth_request: try method %s", method);
-		authenticated =	m->userauth(authctxt);
+		authenticated =	m->userauth(ssh);
 	}
-	userauth_finish(authctxt, authenticated, method, NULL);
+	userauth_finish(ssh, authenticated, method, NULL);
 
 	free(service);
 	free(user);
@@ -295,10 +295,10 @@ input_userauth_request(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
 }
 
 void
-userauth_finish(Authctxt *authctxt, int authenticated, const char *method,
+userauth_finish(struct ssh *ssh, int authenticated, const char *method,
     const char *submethod)
 {
-	struct ssh *ssh = active_state;	/* XXX */
+	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
 	char *methods;
 	int partial = 0;
 
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ userauth_finish(Authctxt *authctxt, int authenticated, const char *method,
 
 	if (authenticated == 1) {
 		/* turn off userauth */
-		dispatch_set(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST, &dispatch_protocol_ignore);
+		ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST, &dispatch_protocol_ignore);
 		packet_start(SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_SUCCESS);
 		packet_send();
 		packet_write_wait();