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interactive and CS1 for bulk AF21 was selected as this is the highest priority within the low-latency service class (and it is higher than what we have today). SSH is elastic and time-sensitive data, where a user is waiting for a response via the network in order to continue with a task at hand. As such, these flows should be considered foreground traffic, with delays or drops to such traffic directly impacting user-productivity. For bulk SSH traffic, the CS1 "Lower Effort" marker was chosen to enable networks implementing a scavanger/lower-than-best effort class to discriminate scp(1) below normal activities, such as web surfing. In general this type of bulk SSH traffic is a background activity. An advantage of using "AF21" for interactive SSH and "CS1" for bulk SSH is that they are recognisable values on all common platforms (IANA https://www.iana.org/assignments/dscp-registry/dscp-registry.xml), and for AF21 specifically a definition of the intended behavior exists https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4594#section-4.7 in addition to the definition of the Assured Forwarding PHB group https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2597, and for CS1 (Lower Effort) there is https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3662 The first three bits of "AF21" map to the equivalent IEEEE 802.1D PCP, IEEE 802.11e, MPLS EXP/CoS and IP Precedence value of 2 (also known as "Immediate", or "AC_BE"), and CS1's first 3 bits map to IEEEE 802.1D PCP, IEEE 802.11e, MPLS/CoS and IP Precedence value 1 ("Background" or "AC_BK"). OK deraadt@, "no objection" djm@ OpenBSD-Commit-ID: d11d2a4484f461524ef0c20870523dfcdeb52181
See https://www.openssh.com/releasenotes.html#7.7p1 for the release notes.
Please read https://www.openssh.com/report.html for bug reporting
instructions and note that we do not use Github for bug reporting or
patch/pull-request management.
- A Japanese translation of this document and of the release notes is
- available at https://www.unixuser.org/~haruyama/security/openssh/index.html
- Thanks to HARUYAMA Seigo <haruyama@unixuser.org>
This is the port of OpenBSD's excellent OpenSSH[0] to Linux and other
Unices.
OpenSSH is based on the last free version of Tatu Ylonen's sample
implementation with all patent-encumbered algorithms removed (to
external libraries), all known security bugs fixed, new features
reintroduced and many other clean-ups. OpenSSH has been created by
Aaron Campbell, Bob Beck, Markus Friedl, Niels Provos, Theo de Raadt,
and Dug Song. It has a homepage at https://www.openssh.com/
This port consists of the re-introduction of autoconf support, PAM
support, EGD[1]/PRNGD[2] support and replacements for OpenBSD library
functions that are (regrettably) absent from other unices. This port
has been best tested on AIX, Cygwin, HP-UX, Linux, MacOS/X,
NetBSD, OpenBSD, OpenServer, Solaris and UnixWare.
This version actively tracks changes in the OpenBSD CVS repository.
The PAM support is now more functional than the popular packages of
commercial ssh-1.2.x. It checks "account" and "session" modules for
all logins, not just when using password authentication.
OpenSSH depends on Zlib[3], OpenSSL[4], and optionally PAM[5] and
libedit[6]
There is now several mailing lists for this port of OpenSSH. Please
refer to https://www.openssh.com/list.html for details on how to join.
Please send bug reports and patches to the mailing list
openssh-unix-dev@mindrot.org. The list is open to posting by unsubscribed
users. Code contribution are welcomed, but please follow the OpenBSD
style guidelines[7].
Please refer to the INSTALL document for information on how to install
OpenSSH on your system.
Damien Miller <djm@mindrot.org>
Miscellania -
This version of OpenSSH is based upon code retrieved from the OpenBSD
CVS repository which in turn was based on the last free sample
implementation released by Tatu Ylonen.
References -
[0] https://www.openssh.com/
[1] http://www.lothar.com/tech/crypto/
[2] http://prngd.sourceforge.net/
[3] https://www.zlib.net/
[4] https://www.openssl.org/
[5] https://www.openpam.org
https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/
(PAM also is standard on Solaris and HP-UX 11)
[6] https://thrysoee.dk/editline/ (portable version)
[7] https://man.openbsd.org/style.9