diff --git a/docs/source/configuration/reference.rst b/docs/source/configuration/reference.rst
index d45ed832..0e8b384d 100644
--- a/docs/source/configuration/reference.rst
+++ b/docs/source/configuration/reference.rst
@@ -508,6 +508,23 @@ ascii                       Theme without any unicode characters at all
         (segment is included in all modes). When there are both 
         ``exclude_modes`` overrides ``include_modes``.
 
+    .. _config-themes-seg-exclude_function:
+
+    ``exclude_function``, ``include_function``
+        Function name in a form ``{name}`` or ``{module}.{name}`` (in the first 
+        form ``{module}`` defaults to ``powerline.selectors.{ext}``). Determines 
+        under which condition specific segment will be included or excluded. By 
+        default segment is always included and never excluded. 
+        ``exclude_function`` overrides ``include_function``.
+
+        .. note::
+            Options :ref:`exclude_/include_modes 
+            <config-themes-seg-exclude_modes>` complement 
+            ``exclude_/include_functions``: segment will be included if it is 
+            included by either ``include_mode`` or ``include_function`` and will 
+            be excluded if it is excluded by either ``exclude_mode`` or 
+            ``exclude_function``.
+
     .. _config-themes-seg-display:
 
     ``display``
diff --git a/docs/source/develop/segments.rst b/docs/source/develop/segments.rst
index e1dd1b64..55838ae7 100644
--- a/docs/source/develop/segments.rst
+++ b/docs/source/develop/segments.rst
@@ -254,9 +254,15 @@ Segment dictionary contains the following keys:
   ``side``
     Segment side: ``right`` or ``left``.
 
-  ``exclude_modes``, ``include_modes``
-    :ref:`Mode display control lists <config-themes-seg-exclude_modes>`. May be 
-    empty, but may not be ``None``.
+  ``display_condition```
+    Contains function that takes three position parameters: 
+    :py:class:`powerline.PowerlineLogger` instance, :ref:`segment_info 
+    <dev-segments-info>` dictionary and current mode and returns either ``True`` 
+    or ``False`` to indicate whether particular segment should be processed.
+
+    This key is constructed based on :ref:`exclude_/include_modes keys 
+    <config-themes-seg-exclude_modes>` and :ref:`exclude_/include_function keys 
+    <config-themes-seg-exclude_function>`.
 
   ``width``, ``align``
     :ref:`Width and align options <config-themes-seg-align>`. May be ``None``.
diff --git a/powerline/lint/__init__.py b/powerline/lint/__init__.py
index bf88d2c6..6a5d86d5 100644
--- a/powerline/lint/__init__.py
+++ b/powerline/lint/__init__.py
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import logging
 
 from collections import defaultdict
 from copy import copy
+from functools import partial
 
 from powerline.lint.markedjson import load
 from powerline import generate_config_finder, get_config_paths, load_config
@@ -478,18 +479,18 @@ def check_matcher_func(ext, match_name, data, context, echoerr):
 			echoerr(context='Error while loading matcher functions',
 			        problem='failed to load module {0}'.format(match_module),
 			        problem_mark=match_name.mark)
-			return True, True
+			return True, False, True
 		except AttributeError:
 			echoerr(context='Error while loading matcher functions',
 			        problem='failed to load matcher function {0}'.format(match_function),
 			        problem_mark=match_name.mark)
-			return True, True
+			return True, False, True
 
 	if not callable(func):
 		echoerr(context='Error while loading matcher functions',
 		        problem='loaded "function" {0} is not callable'.format(match_function),
 		        problem_mark=match_name.mark)
-		return True, True
+		return True, False, True
 
 	if hasattr(func, 'func_code') and hasattr(func.func_code, 'co_argcount'):
 		if func.func_code.co_argcount != 1:
@@ -502,7 +503,7 @@ def check_matcher_func(ext, match_name, data, context, echoerr):
 				problem_mark=match_name.mark
 			)
 
-	return True, False
+	return True, False, False
 
 
 def check_ext(ext, data, context, echoerr):
@@ -561,6 +562,9 @@ def check_top_theme(theme, data, context, echoerr):
 	return True, False, False
 
 
+function_name_re = '^(\w+\.)*[a-zA-Z_]\w*$'
+
+
 divider_spec = Spec().type(unicode).len(
 	'le', 3, (lambda value: 'Divider {0!r} is too large!'.format(value))).copy
 ext_theme_spec = Spec().type(unicode).func(lambda *args: check_config('themes', *args)).copy
@@ -608,7 +612,8 @@ main_spec = (Spec(
 			local_themes=Spec(
 				__tabline__=ext_theme_spec(),
 			).unknown_spec(
-				lambda *args: check_matcher_func('vim', *args), ext_theme_spec()
+				Spec().re(function_name_re).func(partial(check_matcher_func, 'vim')),
+				ext_theme_spec()
 			),
 		).optional(),
 		ipython=ext_spec().update(
@@ -801,6 +806,7 @@ shell_colorscheme_spec = (Spec(
 
 generic_keys = set((
 	'exclude_modes', 'include_modes',
+	'exclude_function', 'include_function',
 	'width', 'align',
 	'name',
 	'draw_soft_divider', 'draw_hard_divider',
@@ -935,7 +941,7 @@ def check_full_segment_data(segment, data, context, echoerr):
 	return check_key_compatibility(segment_copy, data, context, echoerr)
 
 
-def import_segment(name, data, context, echoerr, module):
+def import_function(function_type, name, data, context, echoerr, module):
 	context_has_marks(context)
 	havemarks(name, module)
 
@@ -949,7 +955,7 @@ def import_segment(name, data, context, echoerr, module):
 			        problem_mark=module.mark)
 			return None
 		except AttributeError:
-			echoerr(context='Error while loading segment function (key {key})'.format(key=context_key(context)),
+			echoerr(context='Error while loading {0} function (key {key})'.format(function_type, key=context_key(context)),
 			        problem='failed to load function {0} from module {1}'.format(name, module),
 			        problem_mark=name.mark)
 			return None
@@ -964,6 +970,10 @@ def import_segment(name, data, context, echoerr, module):
 	return func
 
 
+def import_segment(*args, **kwargs):
+	return import_function('segment', *args, **kwargs)
+
+
 def check_segment_function(function_name, data, context, echoerr):
 	havemarks(function_name)
 	ext = data['ext']
@@ -1334,6 +1344,17 @@ def get_all_possible_functions(data, context, echoerr):
 									yield func
 
 
+def check_exinclude_function(name, data, context, echoerr):
+	ext = data['ext']
+	module, name = name.rpartition('.')[::2]
+	if not module:
+		module = MarkedUnicode('powerline.selectors.' + ext, None)
+	func = import_function('selector', name, data, context, echoerr, module=module)
+	if not func:
+		return True, False, True
+	return True, False, False
+
+
 args_spec = Spec(
 	pl=Spec().error('pl object must be set by powerline').optional(),
 	segment_info=Spec().error('Segment info dictionary must be set by powerline').optional(),
@@ -1341,12 +1362,15 @@ args_spec = Spec(
 highlight_group_spec = Spec().type(unicode).copy
 segment_module_spec = Spec().type(unicode).func(check_segment_module).optional().copy
 sub_segments_spec = Spec()
+exinclude_spec = Spec().re(function_name_re).func(check_exinclude_function).copy
 segment_spec = Spec(
 	type=Spec().oneof(type_keys).optional(),
 	name=Spec().re('^[a-zA-Z_]\w*$').optional(),
-	function=Spec().re('^(\w+\.)*[a-zA-Z_]\w*$').func(check_segment_function).optional(),
+	function=Spec().re(function_name_re).func(check_segment_function).optional(),
 	exclude_modes=Spec().list(vim_mode_spec()).optional(),
 	include_modes=Spec().list(vim_mode_spec()).optional(),
+	exclude_function=exinclude_spec().optional(),
+	include_function=exinclude_spec().optional(),
 	draw_hard_divider=Spec().type(bool).optional(),
 	draw_soft_divider=Spec().type(bool).optional(),
 	draw_inner_divider=Spec().type(bool).optional(),
diff --git a/powerline/segment.py b/powerline/segment.py
index cb233380..f7a8f1a1 100644
--- a/powerline/segment.py
+++ b/powerline/segment.py
@@ -113,13 +113,7 @@ def process_segment_lister(pl, segment_info, parsed_segments, side, mode, colors
 					subsegment['priority'] *= subsegment_update['priority_multiplier']
 
 			subsegment_mode = subsegment_update.get('mode')
-			if subsegment_mode and (
-				subsegment_mode in subsegment['exclude_modes']
-				or (
-					subsegment['include_modes']
-					and subsegment_mode not in subsegment['include_modes']
-				)
-			):
+			if subsegment_mode and not subsegment['display_condition'](pl, segment_info, subsegment_mode):
 				continue
 
 			process_segment(
@@ -218,6 +212,9 @@ def process_segment(pl, side, segment_info, parsed_segments, segment, mode, colo
 			parsed_segments.append(segment)
 
 
+always_true = lambda pl, segment_info, mode: True
+
+
 def gen_segment_getter(pl, ext, common_config, theme_configs, default_module, get_module_attr, top_theme):
 	data = {
 		'default_module': default_module or 'powerline.segments.' + ext,
@@ -229,6 +226,60 @@ def gen_segment_getter(pl, ext, common_config, theme_configs, default_module, ge
 		return get_segment_key(merge, segment, theme_configs, data['segment_data'], key, function_name, name, module, default)
 	data['get_key'] = get_key
 
+	def get_selector(function_name):
+		if '.' in function_name:
+			module, function_name = function_name.rpartition('.')[::2]
+		else:
+			module = 'powerline.selectors.' + ext
+		function = get_module_attr(module, function_name, prefix='segment_generator/selector_function')
+		if not function:
+			pl.error('Failed to get segment selector, ignoring it')
+		return function
+
+	def get_segment_selector(segment, selector_type):
+		try:
+			function_name = segment[selector_type + '_function']
+		except KeyError:
+			function = None
+		else:
+			function = get_selector(function_name)
+		try:
+			modes = segment[selector_type + '_modes']
+		except KeyError:
+			modes = None
+
+		if modes:
+			if function:
+				return lambda pl, segment_info, mode: (
+					mode in modes
+					or function(pl=pl, segment_info=segment_info, mode=mode)
+				)
+			else:
+				return lambda pl, segment_info, mode: mode in modes
+		else:
+			if function:
+				return lambda pl, segment_info, mode: (
+					function(pl=pl, segment_info=segment_info, mode=mode)
+				)
+			else:
+				return None
+
+	def gen_display_condition(segment):
+		include_function = get_segment_selector(segment, 'include')
+		exclude_function = get_segment_selector(segment, 'exclude')
+		if include_function:
+			if exclude_function:
+				return lambda *args: (
+					include_function(*args)
+					and not exclude_function(*args))
+			else:
+				return include_function
+		else:
+			if exclude_function:
+				return lambda *args: not exclude_function(*args)
+			else:
+				return always_true
+
 	def get(segment, side):
 		segment_type = segment.get('type', 'function')
 		try:
@@ -265,6 +316,8 @@ def gen_segment_getter(pl, ext, common_config, theme_configs, default_module, ge
 				get_key(True, segment, module, function_name, name, 'args', {}).items()
 			))
 
+		display_condition = gen_display_condition(segment)
+
 		if segment_type == 'segment_list':
 			# Handle startup and shutdown of _contents_func?
 			subsegments = [
@@ -292,8 +345,7 @@ def gen_segment_getter(pl, ext, common_config, theme_configs, default_module, ge
 				'draw_hard_divider': None,
 				'draw_inner_divider': None,
 				'side': side,
-				'exclude_modes': segment.get('exclude_modes', []),
-				'include_modes': segment.get('include_modes', []),
+				'display_condition': display_condition,
 				'width': None,
 				'align': None,
 				'expand': None,
@@ -342,8 +394,7 @@ def gen_segment_getter(pl, ext, common_config, theme_configs, default_module, ge
 			'draw_soft_divider': segment.get('draw_soft_divider', True),
 			'draw_inner_divider': segment.get('draw_inner_divider', False),
 			'side': side,
-			'exclude_modes': segment.get('exclude_modes', []),
-			'include_modes': segment.get('include_modes', []),
+			'display_condition': display_condition,
 			'width': segment.get('width'),
 			'align': segment.get('align', 'l'),
 			'expand': expand_func,
diff --git a/powerline/theme.py b/powerline/theme.py
index 9fa90e54..32a8aeee 100644
--- a/powerline/theme.py
+++ b/powerline/theme.py
@@ -136,9 +136,7 @@ class Theme(object):
 			parsed_segments = []
 			for segment in self.segments[line][side]:
 				# No segment-local modes at this point
-				if mode not in segment['exclude_modes'] and (
-					not segment['include_modes'] or mode in segment['include_modes']
-				):
+				if segment['display_condition'](self.pl, segment_info, mode):
 					process_segment(
 						self.pl,
 						side,
diff --git a/tests/test_configuration.py b/tests/test_configuration.py
index 29bb963f..aff0341e 100644
--- a/tests/test_configuration.py
+++ b/tests/test_configuration.py
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ class TestThemeHierarchy(TestRender):
 		])
 
 
-class TestModes(TestRender):
+class TestDisplayCondition(TestRender):
 	@add_args
 	def test_include_modes(self, p, config):
 		config['themes/test/default']['segments'] = {
@@ -432,6 +432,87 @@ class TestModes(TestRender):
 		self.assertRenderEqual(p, '{56} s1{6-}>>{--}', mode='m2')
 		self.assertRenderEqual(p, '{56} s2{6-}>>{--}', mode='m3')
 
+	@add_args
+	def test_exinclude_function_nonexistent_module(self, p, config):
+		config['themes/test/default']['segments'] = {
+			'left': [
+				highlighted_string('s1', 'g1', exclude_function='xxx_nonexistent_module.foo'),
+				highlighted_string('s2', 'g1', exclude_function='xxx_nonexistent_module.foo', include_function='xxx_nonexistent_module.bar'),
+				highlighted_string('s3', 'g1', include_function='xxx_nonexistent_module.bar'),
+			]
+		}
+		self.assertRenderEqual(p, '{56} s1{56}>{56}s2{56}>{56}s3{6-}>>{--}')
+
+	@add_args
+	def test_exinclude_function(self, p, config):
+		config['themes/test/default']['segments'] = {
+			'left': [
+				highlighted_string('s1', 'g1', exclude_function='mod.foo'),
+				highlighted_string('s2', 'g1', exclude_function='mod.foo', include_function='mod.bar'),
+				highlighted_string('s3', 'g1', include_function='mod.bar'),
+			]
+		}
+		launched = set()
+		fool = [None]
+		barl = [None]
+
+		def foo(*args, **kwargs):
+			launched.add('foo')
+			self.assertEqual(set(kwargs.keys()), set(('pl', 'segment_info', 'mode')))
+			self.assertEqual(args, ())
+			return fool[0]
+
+		def bar(*args, **kwargs):
+			launched.add('bar')
+			self.assertEqual(set(kwargs.keys()), set(('pl', 'segment_info', 'mode')))
+			self.assertEqual(args, ())
+			return barl[0]
+
+		with replace_item(sys.modules, 'mod', Args(foo=foo, bar=bar)):
+			fool[0] = True
+			barl[0] = True
+			self.assertRenderEqual(p, '{56} s3{6-}>>{--}')
+			self.assertEqual(launched, set(('foo', 'bar')))
+
+			fool[0] = False
+			barl[0] = True
+			self.assertRenderEqual(p, '{56} s1{56}>{56}s2{56}>{56}s3{6-}>>{--}')
+			self.assertEqual(launched, set(('foo', 'bar')))
+
+			fool[0] = False
+			barl[0] = False
+			self.assertRenderEqual(p, '{56} s1{6-}>>{--}')
+			self.assertEqual(launched, set(('foo', 'bar')))
+
+			fool[0] = True
+			barl[0] = False
+			self.assertRenderEqual(p, '{--}')
+			self.assertEqual(launched, set(('foo', 'bar')))
+
+	@add_args
+	def test_exinclude_modes_override_functions(self, p, config):
+		config['themes/test/default']['segments'] = {
+			'left': [
+				highlighted_string('s1', 'g1', exclude_function='mod.foo', exclude_modes=['m2']),
+				highlighted_string('s2', 'g1', exclude_function='mod.foo', include_modes=['m2']),
+				highlighted_string('s3', 'g1', include_function='mod.foo', exclude_modes=['m2']),
+				highlighted_string('s4', 'g1', include_function='mod.foo', include_modes=['m2']),
+			]
+		}
+		fool = [None]
+
+		def foo(*args, **kwargs):
+			return fool[0]
+
+		with replace_item(sys.modules, 'mod', Args(foo=foo)):
+			fool[0] = True
+			self.assertRenderEqual(p, '{56} s4{6-}>>{--}', mode='m2')
+			self.assertRenderEqual(p, '{56} s3{56}>{56}s4{6-}>>{--}', mode='m1')
+
+			fool[0] = False
+			self.assertRenderEqual(p, '{56} s2{56}>{56}s4{6-}>>{--}', mode='m2')
+			self.assertRenderEqual(p, '{56} s1{6-}>>{--}', mode='m1')
+
 
 class TestSegmentAttributes(TestRender):
 	@add_args