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100 lines
4.0 KiB
Markdown
100 lines
4.0 KiB
Markdown
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## Description
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You can use compose subcommand, `docker compose [-f <arg>...] [options] [COMMAND] [ARGS...]`, to build and manage
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multiple services in Docker containers.
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### Use `-f` to specify name and path of one or more Compose files
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Use the `-f` flag to specify the location of a Compose configuration file.
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#### Specifying multiple Compose files
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You can supply multiple `-f` configuration files. When you supply multiple files, Compose combines them into a single
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configuration. Compose builds the configuration in the order you supply the files. Subsequent files override and add
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to their predecessors.
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For example, consider this command line:
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```
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$ docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml -f docker-compose.admin.yml run backup_db
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```
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The `docker-compose.yml` file might specify a `webapp` service.
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```yaml
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services:
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webapp:
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image: examples/web
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ports:
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- "8000:8000"
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volumes:
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- "/data"
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```
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If the `docker-compose.admin.yml` also specifies this same service, any matching fields override the previous file.
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New values, add to the `webapp` service configuration.
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```yaml
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services:
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webapp:
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build: .
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environment:
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- DEBUG=1
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```
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When you use multiple Compose files, all paths in the files are relative to the first configuration file specified
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with `-f`. You can use the `--project-directory` option to override this base path.
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Use a `-f` with `-` (dash) as the filename to read the configuration from stdin. When stdin is used all paths in the
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configuration are relative to the current working directory.
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The `-f` flag is optional. If you don’t provide this flag on the command line, Compose traverses the working directory
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and its parent directories looking for a `compose.yaml` or `docker-compose.yaml` file.
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#### Specifying a path to a single Compose file
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You can use the `-f` flag to specify a path to a Compose file that is not located in the current directory, either
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from the command line or by setting up a `COMPOSE_FILE` environment variable in your shell or in an environment file.
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For an example of using the `-f` option at the command line, suppose you are running the Compose Rails sample, and
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have a `compose.yaml` file in a directory called `sandbox/rails`. You can use a command like `docker compose pull` to
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get the postgres image for the db service from anywhere by using the `-f` flag as follows:
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```
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docker compose -f ~/sandbox/rails/compose.yaml pull db
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```
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### Use `-p` to specify a project name
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Each configuration has a project name. If you supply a `-p` flag, you can specify a project name. If you don’t
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specify the flag, Compose uses the current directory name.
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Project name can also be set by `COMPOSE_PROJECT_NAME` environment variable.
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Most compose subcommand can be ran without a compose file, just passing
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project name to retrieve the relevant resources.
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```
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$ docker compose -p my_project ps -a
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NAME SERVICE STATUS PORTS
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my_project_demo_1 demo running
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$ docker compose -p my_project logs
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demo_1 | PING localhost (127.0.0.1): 56 data bytes
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demo_1 | 64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.095 ms
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```
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### Use profiles to enable optional services
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Use `--profile` to specify one or more active profiles
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Calling `docker compose --profile frontend up` will start the services with the profile `frontend` and services
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without any specified profiles.
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You can also enable multiple profiles, e.g. with `docker compose --profile frontend --profile debug up` the profiles `frontend` and `debug` will be enabled.
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Profiles can also be set by `COMPOSE_PROFILES` environment variable.
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### Set up environment variables
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You can set environment variables for various docker-compose options, including the `-f`, `-p` and `--profiles` flags.
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Setting the `COMPOSE_FILE` environment variable is equivalent to passing the `-f` flag,
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`COMPOSE_PROJECT_NAME` environment variable does the same for to the `-p` flag,
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and so does `COMPOSE_PROFILES` environment variable for to the `--profiles` flag.
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If flags are explicitly set on command line, associated environment variable is ignored
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