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633 lines
20 KiB
Markdown
633 lines
20 KiB
Markdown
# PHP CSS Parser
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[](https://github.com/sabberworm/PHP-CSS-Parser/actions/)
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A Parser for CSS Files written in PHP. Allows extraction of CSS files into a data structure, manipulation of said structure and output as (optimized) CSS.
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## Usage
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### Installation using Composer
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```bash
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composer require sabberworm/php-css-parser
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```
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### Extraction
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To use the CSS Parser, create a new instance. The constructor takes the following form:
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```php
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new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser($css);
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```
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To read a file, for example, you’d do the following:
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```php
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$parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser(file_get_contents('somefile.css'));
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$cssDocument = $parser->parse();
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```
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The resulting CSS document structure can be manipulated prior to being output.
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### Options
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#### Charset
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The charset option is used only if no `@charset` declaration is found in the CSS file. UTF-8 is the default, so you won’t have to create a settings object at all if you don’t intend to change that.
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```php
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$settings = \Sabberworm\CSS\Settings::create()
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->withDefaultCharset('windows-1252');
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$parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser($css, $settings);
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```
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#### Strict parsing
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To have the parser choke on invalid rules, supply a thusly configured `\Sabberworm\CSS\Settings` object:
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```php
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$parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser(
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file_get_contents('somefile.css'),
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\Sabberworm\CSS\Settings::create()->beStrict()
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);
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```
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#### Disable multibyte functions
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To achieve faster parsing, you can choose to have PHP-CSS-Parser use regular string functions instead of `mb_*` functions. This should work fine in most cases, even for UTF-8 files, as all the multibyte characters are in string literals. Still it’s not recommended using this with input you have no control over as it’s not thoroughly covered by test cases.
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```php
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$settings = \Sabberworm\CSS\Settings::create()->withMultibyteSupport(false);
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$parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser($css, $settings);
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```
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### Manipulation
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The resulting data structure consists mainly of five basic types: `CSSList`, `RuleSet`, `Rule`, `Selector` and `Value`. There are two additional types used: `Import` and `Charset`, which you won’t use often.
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#### CSSList
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`CSSList` represents a generic CSS container, most likely containing declaration blocks (rule sets with a selector), but it may also contain at-rules, charset declarations, etc. `CSSList` has the following concrete subtypes:
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* `Document` – representing the root of a CSS file.
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* `MediaQuery` – represents a subsection of a `CSSList` that only applies to an output device matching the contained media query.
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To access the items stored in a `CSSList` – like the document you got back when calling `$parser->parse()` –, use `getContents()`, then iterate over that collection and use instanceof to check whether you’re dealing with another `CSSList`, a `RuleSet`, a `Import` or a `Charset`.
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To append a new item (selector, media query, etc.) to an existing `CSSList`, construct it using the constructor for this class and use the `append($oItem)` method.
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#### RuleSet
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`RuleSet` is a container for individual rules. The most common form of a rule set is one constrained by a selector. The following concrete subtypes exist:
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* `AtRuleSet` – for generic at-rules which do not match the ones specifically mentioned like `@import`, `@charset` or `@media`. A common example for this is `@font-face`.
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* `DeclarationBlock` – a `RuleSet` constrained by a `Selector`; contains an array of selector objects (comma-separated in the CSS) as well as the rules to be applied to the matching elements.
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Note: A `CSSList` can contain other `CSSList`s (and `Import`s as well as a `Charset`), while a `RuleSet` can only contain `Rule`s.
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If you want to manipulate a `RuleSet`, use the methods `addRule(Rule $rule)`, `getRules()` and `removeRule($rule)` (which accepts either a `Rule` instance or a rule name; optionally suffixed by a dash to remove all related rules).
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#### Rule
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`Rule`s just have a key (the rule) and a value. These values are all instances of a `Value`.
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#### Value
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`Value` is an abstract class that only defines the `render` method. The concrete subclasses for atomic value types are:
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* `Size` – consists of a numeric `size` value and a unit.
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* `Color` – colors can be input in the form #rrggbb, #rgb or schema(val1, val2, …) but are always stored as an array of ('s' => val1, 'c' => val2, 'h' => val3, …) and output in the second form.
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* `CSSString` – this is just a wrapper for quoted strings to distinguish them from keywords; always output with double quotes.
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* `URL` – URLs in CSS; always output in URL("") notation.
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There is another abstract subclass of `Value`, `ValueList`. A `ValueList` represents a lists of `Value`s, separated by some separation character (mostly `,`, whitespace, or `/`). There are two types of `ValueList`s:
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* `RuleValueList` – The default type, used to represent all multi-valued rules like `font: bold 12px/3 Helvetica, Verdana, sans-serif;` (where the value would be a whitespace-separated list of the primitive value `bold`, a slash-separated list and a comma-separated list).
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* `CSSFunction` – A special kind of value that also contains a function name and where the values are the function’s arguments. Also handles equals-sign-separated argument lists like `filter: alpha(opacity=90);`.
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#### Convenience methods
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There are a few convenience methods on Document to ease finding, manipulating and deleting rules:
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* `getAllDeclarationBlocks()` – does what it says; no matter how deeply nested your selectors are. Aliased as `getAllSelectors()`.
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* `getAllRuleSets()` – does what it says; no matter how deeply nested your rule sets are.
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* `getAllValues()` – finds all `Value` objects inside `Rule`s.
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## To-Do
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* More convenience methods (like `selectorsWithElement($sId/Class/TagName)`, `attributesOfType($type)`, `removeAttributesOfType($type)`)
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* Real multibyte support. Currently, only multibyte charsets whose first 255 code points take up only one byte and are identical with ASCII are supported (yes, UTF-8 fits this description).
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* Named color support (using `Color` instead of an anonymous string literal)
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## Use cases
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### Use `Parser` to prepend an ID to all selectors
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```php
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$myId = "#my_id";
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$parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser($css);
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$cssDocument = $parser->parse();
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foreach ($cssDocument->getAllDeclarationBlocks() as $block) {
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foreach ($block->getSelectors() as $selector) {
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// Loop over all selector parts (the comma-separated strings in a
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// selector) and prepend the ID.
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$selector->setSelector($myId.' '.$selector->getSelector());
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}
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}
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```
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### Shrink all absolute sizes to half
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```php
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$parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser($css);
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$cssDocument = $parser->parse();
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foreach ($cssDocument->getAllValues() as $value) {
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if ($value instanceof CSSSize && !$value->isRelative()) {
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$value->setSize($value->getSize() / 2);
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}
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}
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```
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### Remove unwanted rules
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```php
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$parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser($css);
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$cssDocument = $parser->parse();
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foreach($cssDocument->getAllRuleSets() as $oRuleSet) {
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// Note that the added dash will make this remove all rules starting with
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// `font-` (like `font-size`, `font-weight`, etc.) as well as a potential
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// `font-rule`.
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$oRuleSet->removeRule('font-');
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$oRuleSet->removeRule('cursor');
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}
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```
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### Output
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To output the entire CSS document into a variable, just use `->render()`:
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```php
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$parser = new \Sabberworm\CSS\Parser(file_get_contents('somefile.css'));
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$cssDocument = $parser->parse();
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print $cssDocument->render();
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```
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If you want to format the output, pass an instance of type `\Sabberworm\CSS\OutputFormat`:
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```php
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$format = \Sabberworm\CSS\OutputFormat::create()
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->indentWithSpaces(4)->setSpaceBetweenRules("\n");
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print $cssDocument->render($format);
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```
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Or use one of the predefined formats:
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```php
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print $cssDocument->render(Sabberworm\CSS\OutputFormat::createPretty());
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print $cssDocument->render(Sabberworm\CSS\OutputFormat::createCompact());
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```
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To see what you can do with output formatting, look at the tests in `tests/OutputFormatTest.php`.
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## Examples
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### Example 1 (At-Rules)
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#### Input
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```css
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@charset "utf-8";
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@font-face {
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font-family: "CrassRoots";
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src: url("../media/cr.ttf");
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}
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html, body {
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font-size: 1.6em;
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}
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@keyframes mymove {
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from { top: 0px; }
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to { top: 200px; }
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}
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```
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#### Structure (`var_dump()`)
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```php
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class Sabberworm\CSS\CSSList\Document#4 (2) {
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protected $aContents =>
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array(4) {
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[0] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Property\Charset#6 (2) {
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private $sCharset =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\CSSString#5 (2) {
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private $sString =>
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string(5) "utf-8"
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(1)
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}
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(1)
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}
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[1] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\RuleSet\AtRuleSet#7 (4) {
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private $sType =>
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string(9) "font-face"
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private $sArgs =>
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string(0) ""
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private $aRules =>
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array(2) {
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'font-family' =>
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array(1) {
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[0] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Rule\Rule#8 (4) {
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private $sRule =>
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string(11) "font-family"
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private $mValue =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\CSSString#9 (2) {
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private $sString =>
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string(10) "CrassRoots"
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(4)
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}
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private $bIsImportant =>
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bool(false)
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(4)
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}
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}
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'src' =>
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array(1) {
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[0] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Rule\Rule#10 (4) {
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private $sRule =>
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string(3) "src"
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private $mValue =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\URL#11 (2) {
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private $oURL =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\CSSString#12 (2) {
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private $sString =>
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string(15) "../media/cr.ttf"
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(5)
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}
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(5)
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}
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private $bIsImportant =>
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bool(false)
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(5)
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}
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}
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}
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(3)
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}
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[2] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\RuleSet\DeclarationBlock#13 (3) {
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private $aSelectors =>
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array(2) {
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[0] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Property\Selector#14 (2) {
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private $sSelector =>
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string(4) "html"
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private $iSpecificity =>
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NULL
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}
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[1] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Property\Selector#15 (2) {
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private $sSelector =>
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string(4) "body"
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private $iSpecificity =>
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NULL
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}
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}
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private $aRules =>
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array(1) {
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'font-size' =>
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array(1) {
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[0] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Rule\Rule#16 (4) {
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private $sRule =>
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string(9) "font-size"
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private $mValue =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\Size#17 (4) {
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private $fSize =>
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double(1.6)
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private $sUnit =>
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string(2) "em"
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private $bIsColorComponent =>
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bool(false)
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(9)
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}
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private $bIsImportant =>
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bool(false)
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(9)
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}
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}
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}
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(8)
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}
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[3] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\CSSList\KeyFrame#18 (4) {
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private $vendorKeyFrame =>
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string(9) "keyframes"
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private $animationName =>
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string(6) "mymove"
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protected $aContents =>
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array(2) {
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[0] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\RuleSet\DeclarationBlock#19 (3) {
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private $aSelectors =>
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array(1) {
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[0] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Property\Selector#20 (2) {
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private $sSelector =>
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string(4) "from"
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private $iSpecificity =>
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NULL
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}
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}
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private $aRules =>
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array(1) {
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'top' =>
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array(1) {
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[0] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Rule\Rule#21 (4) {
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private $sRule =>
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string(3) "top"
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private $mValue =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\Size#22 (4) {
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private $fSize =>
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double(0)
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private $sUnit =>
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string(2) "px"
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private $bIsColorComponent =>
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bool(false)
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(13)
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}
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private $bIsImportant =>
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bool(false)
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(13)
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}
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}
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}
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(13)
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}
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[1] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\RuleSet\DeclarationBlock#23 (3) {
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private $aSelectors =>
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array(1) {
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[0] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Property\Selector#24 (2) {
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private $sSelector =>
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string(2) "to"
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private $iSpecificity =>
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NULL
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}
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}
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private $aRules =>
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array(1) {
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'top' =>
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array(1) {
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[0] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Rule\Rule#25 (4) {
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private $sRule =>
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string(3) "top"
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private $mValue =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\Size#26 (4) {
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private $fSize =>
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double(200)
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private $sUnit =>
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string(2) "px"
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private $bIsColorComponent =>
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bool(false)
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(14)
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}
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private $bIsImportant =>
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bool(false)
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(14)
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}
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}
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}
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(14)
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}
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}
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(12)
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}
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}
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(1)
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}
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```
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#### Output (`render()`)
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```css
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@charset "utf-8";
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@font-face {font-family: "CrassRoots";src: url("../media/cr.ttf");}
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html, body {font-size: 1.6em;}
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@keyframes mymove {from {top: 0px;} to {top: 200px;}}
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```
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### Example 2 (Values)
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#### Input
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```css
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#header {
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margin: 10px 2em 1cm 2%;
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font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, "Gill Sans", sans-serif;
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color: red !important;
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}
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```
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#### Structure (`var_dump()`)
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```php
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class Sabberworm\CSS\CSSList\Document#4 (2) {
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protected $aContents =>
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array(1) {
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[0] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\RuleSet\DeclarationBlock#5 (3) {
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private $aSelectors =>
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array(1) {
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[0] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Property\Selector#6 (2) {
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private $sSelector =>
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string(7) "#header"
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private $iSpecificity =>
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NULL
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}
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}
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private $aRules =>
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array(3) {
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'margin' =>
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array(1) {
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[0] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Rule\Rule#7 (4) {
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private $sRule =>
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string(6) "margin"
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private $mValue =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\RuleValueList#12 (3) {
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protected $aComponents =>
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array(4) {
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[0] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\Size#8 (4) {
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private $fSize =>
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double(10)
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private $sUnit =>
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string(2) "px"
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private $bIsColorComponent =>
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bool(false)
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(2)
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}
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[1] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\Size#9 (4) {
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private $fSize =>
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double(2)
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private $sUnit =>
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string(2) "em"
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private $bIsColorComponent =>
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bool(false)
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(2)
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}
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[2] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\Size#10 (4) {
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private $fSize =>
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double(1)
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private $sUnit =>
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string(2) "cm"
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private $bIsColorComponent =>
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bool(false)
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(2)
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}
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[3] =>
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class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\Size#11 (4) {
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private $fSize =>
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double(2)
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private $sUnit =>
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string(1) "%"
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private $bIsColorComponent =>
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bool(false)
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protected $iLineNo =>
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int(2)
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}
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}
|
||
protected $sSeparator =>
|
||
string(1) " "
|
||
protected $iLineNo =>
|
||
int(2)
|
||
}
|
||
private $bIsImportant =>
|
||
bool(false)
|
||
protected $iLineNo =>
|
||
int(2)
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
'font-family' =>
|
||
array(1) {
|
||
[0] =>
|
||
class Sabberworm\CSS\Rule\Rule#13 (4) {
|
||
private $sRule =>
|
||
string(11) "font-family"
|
||
private $mValue =>
|
||
class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\RuleValueList#15 (3) {
|
||
protected $aComponents =>
|
||
array(4) {
|
||
[0] =>
|
||
string(7) "Verdana"
|
||
[1] =>
|
||
string(9) "Helvetica"
|
||
[2] =>
|
||
class Sabberworm\CSS\Value\CSSString#14 (2) {
|
||
private $sString =>
|
||
string(9) "Gill Sans"
|
||
protected $iLineNo =>
|
||
int(3)
|
||
}
|
||
[3] =>
|
||
string(10) "sans-serif"
|
||
}
|
||
protected $sSeparator =>
|
||
string(1) ","
|
||
protected $iLineNo =>
|
||
int(3)
|
||
}
|
||
private $bIsImportant =>
|
||
bool(false)
|
||
protected $iLineNo =>
|
||
int(3)
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
'color' =>
|
||
array(1) {
|
||
[0] =>
|
||
class Sabberworm\CSS\Rule\Rule#16 (4) {
|
||
private $sRule =>
|
||
string(5) "color"
|
||
private $mValue =>
|
||
string(3) "red"
|
||
private $bIsImportant =>
|
||
bool(true)
|
||
protected $iLineNo =>
|
||
int(4)
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
protected $iLineNo =>
|
||
int(1)
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
protected $iLineNo =>
|
||
int(1)
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
#### Output (`render()`)
|
||
|
||
```css
|
||
#header {margin: 10px 2em 1cm 2%;font-family: Verdana,Helvetica,"Gill Sans",sans-serif;color: red !important;}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## Contributors/Thanks to
|
||
|
||
* [oliverklee](https://github.com/oliverklee) for lots of refactorings, code modernizations and CI integrations
|
||
* [raxbg](https://github.com/raxbg) for contributions to parse `calc`, grid lines, and various bugfixes.
|
||
* [westonruter](https://github.com/westonruter) for bugfixes and improvements.
|
||
* [FMCorz](https://github.com/FMCorz) for many patches and suggestions, for being able to parse comments and IE hacks (in lenient mode).
|
||
* [Lullabot](https://github.com/Lullabot) for a patch that allows to know the line number for each parsed token.
|
||
* [ju1ius](https://github.com/ju1ius) for the specificity parsing code and the ability to expand/compact shorthand properties.
|
||
* [ossinkine](https://github.com/ossinkine) for a 150 time performance boost.
|
||
* [GaryJones](https://github.com/GaryJones) for lots of input and [https://css-specificity.info/](https://css-specificity.info/).
|
||
* [docteurklein](https://github.com/docteurklein) for output formatting and `CSSList->remove()` inspiration.
|
||
* [nicolopignatelli](https://github.com/nicolopignatelli) for PSR-0 compatibility.
|
||
* [diegoembarcadero](https://github.com/diegoembarcadero) for keyframe at-rule parsing.
|
||
* [goetas](https://github.com/goetas) for @namespace at-rule support.
|
||
* [View full list](https://github.com/sabberworm/PHP-CSS-Parser/contributors)
|
||
|
||
## Misc
|
||
|
||
* Legacy Support: The latest pre-PSR-0 version of this project can be checked with the `0.9.0` tag.
|
||
* Running Tests: To run all unit tests for this project, run `composer install` to install phpunit and use `./vendor/bin/phpunit`.
|